The Role of Spirituality in Counseling: Four Theoretical Orientations

Pastoral care and counseling is emerging as an effective and respected practice within the theological, psychological, and counseling professions. However, a survey of contemporary literature reveals a need to demonstrate the role of spirituality in the specific theoretical orientations of psychology and counseling. This article will provide a basic overview and discuss the role of spirituality in each of the four primary psychological theories: psychodynamic, existential/phenomenological, behavioral, and cognitive.     

Temporal Experiences without the Specious Present

Most philosophers believe that we have experiences as of temporally extended phenomena like change, motion, and succession. Almost all theories of time consciousness explain these temporal experiences by subscribing to the doctrine of the specious present, the idea that the contents of our experiences embrace temporally extended intervals of time and are presented as temporally structured. Against these theories, I argue that the doctrine is false and present a theory that does not require the notion of a specious present. Furthermore, I argue that the different aspects of temporal experiences arise from different mechanisms operating separately. If the theory is true, then temporal experiences do not tell us anything special about the nature of consciousness and its temporal properties per se.     

试论现象学的特征及其对心理学中人文主义的影响

现象学对于心理学家来说,它的意义是明显的：支持了意识的研究、内省方法的使用,并且为表象等内在心理现象的研究提供了理论基础;现象学的科学观是一种非实证主义的观点,为人文主义心理学家以非自然科学模式塑造心理学奠定了哲学基础;作为一种方法论,它与实证主义的方法论截然对立,它在心理学方法论上的特色是整体描述、问题中心、非还原论等原则。     

试论存在主义对人本主义心理学的影响

从人本主义心理学产生发展的背景,研究命题与体系式思想．研究方法及在咨询和治疗上的应用四个方面来探讨存在主义对人本主义心理学的积极影响。主要关注存在主义作为一种哲学思潮在对人性,人的生存方式和独特性的看法上给予人本主义心理学的启示．以及存在主义的创新的本体论对于人本主义心理学在跳出传统心理学模式走上“第三条道路”上的推动作用。     

现代神经科学发展述略

现代神经科学的产生是神经解剖学、神经生物化学、神经生理学等传统生物学科与神经心理学、认知心理学等行为科学之间不断融合的结果。在神经科学产生与发展历程中,有许多值得研究总结的方法论问题。     

FROM BIOGENETIC STRUCTURALISM TO MATURE CONTEMPLATION TO PROPHETIC CONSCIOUSNESS

Abstract. The publication of Brain, Symbol 3 Experience by Charles D. Laughlin, Jr., John McManus, and Eugene G. d'Aquili marks a significant advance in their biogenetic structural theory. They set forth a neurophenomenology of human consciousness and mature contemplation. A question is raised about their espousal of pristine perception, while their emphasis on polyphasic awareness is appreciated. In their contribution to interdisciplinary dialogue, limitations of gender, neglect of the religious traditions of the West, and linguistic issues are explored. While the style is difficult, the volume promises to become a classic in affirming "the human brain as the main locus of causality."     

Sacrifice In Hegel's Phenomenology Of Spirit

In this paper I rely on recent literature that emphasises the importance of recognition in Hegel's philosophy in order to apply the recognition-theoretic approach to the notion of sacrifice in the Phenomenology of Spirit. Firstly, I conduct a preliminary analysis by examining the general meaning of sacrifice as a form of determinate negation. Secondly, I focus on two phenomenological moments (the struggle between ‘faith’ and ‘pure insight’, and the cult) in order to answer the question, ‘Is a real (effective and unselfish) sacrifice possible?’ Finally, I argue that sacrifice should be considered as a Darstellung, and I explain the twofold connection between sacrifice and recognition. I conclude that there is no sacrifice without recognition, and the process of recognition is intrinsically sacrificial.     

Phenomenology and the project of naturalization

In recent years, more and more people have started talking about the necessity of reconciling phenomenology with the project of naturalization. Is it possible to bridge the gap between phenomenological analyses and naturalistic models of consciousness? Is it possible to naturalize phenomenology? Given the transcendental philosophically motivated anti-naturalism found in many phenomenologists such a naturalization proposal might seem doomed from the very start, but in this paper I will examine and evaluate some possible alternatives.     

The unity of consciousness in pre-psychotic states. A phenomenological analysis / La unidad de la conciencia en estados pre-psicóticos. Un análisis fenomenológico

This paper explores the way in which the phenomenon called delusional moods — an alteration of consciousness that characterizes the moment that precedes the adoption of delusional beliefs — would challenge the claim that consciousness is necessarily deployed as an experiential unity. After exploring three basic characterizations of the unity of consciousness, it is concluded that during delusional moods only some of them are completely altered. Finally, after complementing the analysis with the examination of some psychotic states, it is concluded that, from the three dimensions of the unity of consciousness that are explored, only one seems to be fundamental.     

医务社会工作者:医学人文关怀的使者

医务社会工作的内涵决定了其社会作用的重要性,医务社会工作的历史进程显示了其迅速发展的必然性,我国医疗卫生体制改革凸现出发展医务社会工作的紧迫性.目前国内医务社会工作还有许多问题亟待解决,应进一步提高认识水平,加强专业人才队伍建设,健全各项政策法规,积极进行实践探索,构建中国特色的医务社会工作模式,促进医务社会工作的发展.     

詹姆斯心理学的现象学阐释

必须从詹姆斯的人格和他的思想作为整体及其统一性的背景出发,才能有效地理解詹姆斯心理学的真髓。詹姆斯思想的内核是彻底经验主义。他以彻底经验主义为基础的心理学思考,与胡塞尔的现象学思考作为思想态度是同质的,因而表现出明确的现象学特征。文章指出了对詹姆斯心理学进行现象学阐释的根据,并结合心理学史探讨了詹姆斯的思想方法对心理学作为整体而言的理论意义。     

An Ecological Perspective: Therapist Practices with Children who Experienced Abuse and Trauma

This qualitative study explores experiences of psychotherapists working in public settings with children who experienced abuse and trauma. The study sought to investigate and understand factors which intruded upon and or supported the capacity for psychotherapists in a community clinic to cognitively process and understand supportive and constraining aspects of the professional context. An important focus was the organisational context of psychotherapists. Nine psychotherapists were interviewed to gain an understanding of their experiences with and perceptions of the needs of children including factors considered important in therapy, the influences of their organisational context, and challenges and rewards of the work. An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis of interview data revealed three broad themes identified as relational, organisational, and systemic. An ecological metaphor was used to conceptualise these themes as they related to psychotherapists and the children with whom they worked. The findings demonstrated the importance of the psychotherapist's organisational context on how they experienced their work. This study also considered the need to conceptualise therapy with children who have experienced trauma within the interaction of the child and therapist's relational, organisational, and systems context.