Book reviews

Ethnomethodology: How People Make Sense, by Warren Handel Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice‐Hall, 1982, 159 pages, $9.95 paper.

Corrections, by Paul W. Keve, New York: Wiley, 1981, 506 pages.

The Correctional System: An Introduction, by Susan Titus Reid, New York: Holt, $18.95, cloth, 506 pages.     

Book Reviews

Book reviewed in this article: The Handbook of Psychological Testing, by Paul Kline. International Dimensions of Human Resource Management, by Peter J. Dowling, Randall S. Schuler and Denice E. Welch. The Culture Factor: Corporate and International Perspectives, by the Institute of Personnel and Development (research and analysis by Angela Baron and Mike Walters). Leadership in Organizations, by Gary Yukl. Employee Relations in Europe, by Jeff Bridgford and John Stirling. Communication — Rewarding People; The Skill of Responding Positively, by D. Dickson, C. Saunders and M. Stringer. Management Skills: Making the Most of People, by Robin Evenden and Gordon Anderson. Human Resource Management – Issues and Strategies, by Rosemary Harrison.     

Book Reviews

Book reviewd in this Article: Strategy and the Human Resource. Ford and the Search for Competitive Advantage, by K. Starkey and A. McKinlay. Successful Training Practice, by Alan H. Anderson. Managing the Team: A Guide to Successful Employee Involvement, by Mick Marchington. Honesty in the Workplace, by Kevin R. Murphy. Managing People at Work: A manager's guide to behaviour in organisations, Third Edition, by John W. Hunt. Robert T. Morans's Cultural Guide to Doing Business in Europe, 2nd Edition, by Michael Johnson and Robert T. Moran.     

Book reviews

Peter E. Hodgkinson and Michael Stewart (1998) A Handbook of Post-Disaster Psychosocial Aftercare, 2nd edn, London: Routledge, $15.99 (pb)

Caroline Garland (ed.) (1998) Understanding Trauma: A Psychoanalytic Approach, London: Duckworth, Tavistock Clinic Series, $14.95 (pb)

Claudio Neri (1998) Group, preface by Parthenope Bion Talamo, foreword by Malcolm Pines, London: Jessica Kingsley, $16.95

Robert L. Perkinson (1997) Chemical Dependency Counseling: A Practical Guide, London: Sage, $24

Mary Turner (1998) Talking with Children and Young People about Death and Dying: A Workbook, illustrated by Bob Thomas, London: Jessica Kingsley, $17.95

Jan Wiener and Mannie Sher (1998) Counselling and Psychotherapy in Primary Health Care: A Psychodynamic Approach, London: Macmillan, $11.99 (pb)

Melanie Hart and James Loader (eds) (1998) Generations: Poems between Fathers, Mothers, Daughters, Sons, London: Penguin, $14.99

David Kennard and Neil Small (eds) (1997) Living Together, London: Quartet, $9.00

Sally Skaife and Val Huet (1998) Art Psychotherapy Groups: Between Pictures and Words, London: Routledge, $47.50 (hb), $15.99 (pb)     

Book Reviews

Book reviewed in this article: Books, Young People, and Reading Guidance . by Geneva Hanna Pilgrim and Mariana K. McAllister. New York: Harper & Row Publishers Publishers wishing to have their books considered for review in this column should send two copies of each book to the Managing Editor, Personnel and Guidance Journal, 1607 New Hampshire Avenue, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20009. Counseling the Disadvantaged edited by William E. Amos and Jean Dresden Grambs. Englewood Cliffs New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, 1968. Scranton, Pennsylvania: International Textbook Company N. Y.: Oceana Publications Blaisdell Publishing Company New York: Social Science Press Antipoverty Work and Training Efforts: Goals and Reality by Sar A. Levitan. Ann Arbor, Michigan: Institute of Labor and Industrial Relations and National Manpower Policy Task Force     

Better than brainstorming? Potential contextual boundary conditions to brainwriting for idea generation in organizations

Organizations and societies all need good, useful ideas to survive and prosper. People often enjoy brainstorming, though it is not as productive as they tend to believe. Groups can potentially generate more and better ideas when ‘brainwriting’; that is, silently sharing written ideas in a time‐ and sequence‐structured group format. This conceptual paper identifies likely boundary conditions to the promising findings from brainwriting laboratory research generalizing to real‐world organizational contexts. Important dimensions of organizational context may be revealed by drawing on the journalistic principle to examine what, who, when, where, and why certain outcomes result from particular organizational practices (Johns, 2006). Multiple potential contextual moderators are suggested in each of these five areas. Subsequent field research will inform the idea‐generation literature as well as those concerned with eliciting high‐quality, useful ideas to address particular organizational and societal challenges.     

Reviews

Book reviewed in this article: The Invisible Pyramid. By Loren Eiseley . The Night Country. By Loren Eiseley . In Defense of People: Ecology and the Seduction of Radicalism. By Richard Neuhaus . The Patient as Person: Explorations in Medical Ethics. By Paul Ramsey .     

Illness representations,knowledge and motivation to perform presymptomatic testing for late-onset genetic diseases

This study addresses the relation between illness representations, knowledge and motivation to perform the presymptomatic testing (PST) of subjects at-risk for Familial Amyloydotic Polyneuropathy (FAP), Huntington’s disease (HD) and Machado–Joseph disease (MJD), compared with subjects at-risk for Hereditary Hemochromatosis (HH). The sample comprised a clinical group of 213 subjects at genetic risk for FAP, HD and MJD, and a comparison group of 31 subjects at genetic risk for HH, that answered three open-ended questions relating illness representations, knowledge about the disease, and motivation to perform PST. People at-risk for FAP, HD and MJD use more metaphors, make more references to the family, are more concerned with the future and feel more out of curiosity and to learn, than for HH. These subjects at-risk correspond to the profile of somatic individual or personhood, wherein the unsubjectivation of the disease can function as a coping mechanism.     

Book Reviews

Book reviewed in this article: Lewis S. Mudge, The Sense of a People. Towards a Church for the Human Future Michael Perry, Bible Praying: Scripture Prayers for Worship and Devotion George Huntston Williams, The Radical Reformation, Third Revised Edition.     

Remembering words not presented in sentences: How study context changes patterns of false memories

People falsely endorse semantic associates and morpheme rearrangements of studied words at high rates in recognition testing. The coexistence of these results is paradoxical: Models of reading that presume automatic extraction of meaning cannot account for elevated false memory for foils that are related to studied stimuli only by their visual form; models without such a process cannot account for false memory for semantic foils. Here we show how sentence and list study contexts encourage different encoding modes and consequently lead to different patterns of memory errors. Participants studied compound words, such as tailspin and floodgate, as single words or embedded in sentences. We show that sentence contexts led subjects to be better able to discriminate conjunction lures (e.g., tailgate) from old words than did list contexts. Conversely, list contexts led to superior discrimination of semantic lures (e.g., nosedive) from old words than did sentence contexts.     

Weapons of Influence Misused: A Social Influence Analysis of Why People Fall Prey to Internet Scams

Internet crime, including fraud and spread of malicious software, is a pervasive and costly global issue. Many of these crimes occur not because of technology failure but because of the human element. People can easily be manipulated through social engineering – the use of psychological tactics to influence individuals to assist in their own victimization. We employ a social influence framework, drawing upon ideas from Robert Cialdini, to understand the nature of social engineering techniques and why they are successful in exploiting unsuspecting individuals. Specifically, we discuss how social engineers misuse six pervasive weapons of influence – Liking, Authority, Scarcity, Social Proof, Reciprocity, and Commitment and Consistency – in order to effectively influence individuals to take the initial steps toward their exploitation. We conclude with a discussion of the precautions individuals can take to resist malicious influence attempts online.     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book reviewed in this article: Jochen Eber, Einheit der Kirche als dogmatisches Problem bei Edmund Schlink Mark R. Kowalewski, All Things to All People: The Catholic Church Confronts the AIDS Crisis Paul MacLean and Douglas Cowling, Sharing the Banquet: Liturgical Renewal in Your Parish Alister McGrath, Evangelicalism and the Future of Christianity     

Reviews

Books reviewed: Science and Theology: An Introduction, by JohnPolkinghorne Genesis, Genes, and God: Values and Their Origins in Naturaland Human History, by Holmes Rolston, III Playing God? Genetic Determinism and Human Freedom, by Ted Peters Green Space, Green Time: The Way of Science, by Connie Barlow Reconstructing Nature: The Engagement of Science and Religion , by John Brooke and GeoffreyCantor Whatever Happened to the Soul? Scientific and Theological Portraits ofHuman Nature, Edited by Warren S. Brown, Nancey Murphy, and H.Newton Malony The Turn of the Millennium: An Agenda for Christian Religion in an Age of Science, by Jeffrey G. Sobosan God without the Supernatural: A Defense of Scientific Theism, by Peter Forrest Religion and Creation, by Keith Ward     

Book Reviews

Books reviewed: Christianity Made in Japan: A Study of Indigenous Movements,by Mark R. Mullins Strangers and Pilgrims: Female Preaching in America, byCatherine A. Brekus Building A Protestant Left: Christianity and Crisis Magazine1941–1993, by Mark Hulsether Under the Canopy: Ritual Process andSpiritual Resilience in Soouth Africa, by Linda Elaine Thomas The Christian‐Muslim Frontier: Chaos, Clash or Dialogue?, by Jorgen S. Neilson NewSpirituality, Self, and Belonging: How New Agers and Neo‐Pagans Talk About Themselves, by John R. Bloch New Religious Phenomena In Central and Eastern Europe, edited by Irena Borowik and Grzegorz Babinski     

Reviews

Books reviewed: David Novak, Covenantal Rights: A Study in Jewish Political Theory Jean Bethke Elshtain, Who Are We? Critical Reflections and Hopeful Possibilities Gerhard Lohfink, Does God Need the Church? Toward a Theology of the People of God Gerald O'Collins, The Tripersonal God: Understanding and Interpreting the Trinity Timothy P. Jackson, Love Disconsoled: Meditations on Christian Charity Will Coleman, Tribal Talk: Black Theology, Hermeneutics, and African/American Ways of “Telling the Story” Garrett Green, Theology, Hermeneutics and Imagination: The Crisis of Interpretation at the End of Modernity     

A test of the CaR-FA-X mechanisms and depression in adolescents

ABSTRACT

People who have depression have difficulty recalling specific autobiographical information (Sumner, (2011) The mechanisms underlying overgeneral autobiographical memory: An evaluative review of evidence for the Ca R-FA-X model. Clinical Psychology Review, 3231(1), 34–48). This is called overgeneral autobiographical memory (OGM) and is associated with the development and persistence of depression. Williams, Barnhofer, Crane, Hermans, Raes, Watkins, & Dalgleish (2007 Autobiographical memory specificity and emotional disorder. Psychological Bulletin, 133(1), 122–148) proposed that OGM is maintained by three mechanisms: capture and rumination (CaR), functional avoidance (FA), and impaired executive control (X), and integrated these into the CaR-FA-X model. The aim of this study was to assess OGM and test the CaR-FA-X model in adolescents with low mood. We recruited 29 young people aged 12–17 with elevated symptoms of depression and 29 with minimal symptoms of depression, matched for gender and age. After controlling for IQ, adolescents with elevated depression retrieved fewer specific memories, ruminated more, and had poorer working memory and verbal fluency than adolescents with minimal depression. The groups did not differ on measures of inhibition or functional avoidance. The CaR-FA-X model was therefore partially supported. These results confirm that there is a relationship between low mood and OGM in young people and that OGM may arise as consequence of impaired working memory and verbal fluency and cognitive interference due to rumination.     

REVIEWS

Books Reviewed in this Article: Religion and Philosophy, by FREDERICK C. COPLESTON. A History of Philosophy. Volume IX: Maine de Biran to Sartre, by FREDERICK C. COPLESTON. Friedrich Nietzsche, Philosopher of Culture, by FREDERICK C. COPLESTON. The Gay Science, by FRIEDRICH NIETZSCHE, translated with commentary by WALTER KAUFMANN. Nietzsche, Philosopher, Psychologist, Antichrist, by WALTER KAUFM ANN, 4th Edition. Critique of Earth (Gifford Lectures, Second Series), by AREND TH. VAN LEEUWEN. Critique of Heaven (Gifford Lectures, First Series), by AREND TH. VAN LEEUWEN. Collected Works: Vol. I: Marx; 1835–1843, by KARL MARX and FREDERICK ENGELS. Roads to Consciousness, by SYDNEY MENDEL. Art and the Imagination, A Study in the Philosophy of Mind, by ROGER SCRUTON. Dealing with Deviants, by STUART WHITELEY, DENNIE BRIGGS and MERFYN TURNER. Two Old Testament Theologies. A Comparative Evaluation of the Contributions of Eichrodt and von Rad to our Understanding of the Nature of Old Testament Theology, by D.G. SPRIGGS. Christian Initiation, by HUGH M. RILEY. Idem. Vol. 6, Crescentianus - Innocentia. Lexikon der christlichen Ikonogruphie, edited by WOLFGANG BRAUNFELS. Vol. 5, Ikonographie der Heiligen, Aaron - Crescentianus. Idem, Vol 7, lnnozenz - Melchisedech. Christian Political Theory and Church Politics in the Mid-Twelfth Century: The Ecclesiology of Gratian's Decretum, by STANLEY CHODOROW. La Teoria del Naturale e del Soprannaturale secondo S. Tommaso d'Aquino, by GIACOMO CROSIGNANI. Consubstantiel et Transsubstantiation, by PAUL-LAURENT CARLE, O.P. The Covenant Sealed: The Development of Puritan Sacramental Theology in Old and New England, 1570–1720, by E. BROOKS HOLIFIELD. The Eucharist Today: Studies in Series 3, edited by R.C.D. JASPER. Le Ralliement du Clergé Français à la Morale Liguorienne, by JEAN GUERBER. New Perspectives in Moral Theology, by CHARLES E. CURRAN. Christian Ethics and the Problems of Society, by ROGER CHARLES, SJ. Origins of the Theology of Hope, by M. DOUGLAS MEEKS. International Glossary of Abbreviations for Theology and Related Subjects, compiled by SIEGFRIED SCHWERTNER.     

An interview with emily and john visher

Abstract

Making an Issue of Child Abuse: Political Agenda Setting for Social Problems, by Barbara J. Nelson. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1984, 269 pages, $27.50.

Child Abuse: A Community Concern, edited by Kim Oates. New York: Brunner/Mazel, 1984, 336 pages, $25.00.

Death and Grief in the Family, edited by Thomas T. Frantz. Rockville, MD: Aspen Systems Corporation, 1984, 122 pages, $18.00.

A Child Dies: A Portrait of Family Grief, by loan Hagan Arnold &; Penelope Buschman Gernuna. Rockville, MD: Aspen Systems Corporation, 1983, 162 pages (price unknown).

The Single Child Family, edited by Toni Falbo. New York: Guilford Press, 1984, 304 pages, $27.50.

Adolescent Crises: Family Counseling Approaches, by Eva Leveton. New York: Springer Publishing, 1984, 285 pages, $24.95.

The Narcissistic and Borderline Disorders: An Integrated Developmental Approach, by J. F. Masterson. New York: Brunner/Mazel, 1982, 256 pages, $20.00.

The Battered Woman Syndrome, by Lenore E. Walker. New York: Springer, 1984, 272 pages, $21.95.

Human Sexuality: Contemporary Controversies, edited by Harold Feldman 6 Andrea Parrot. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage Publications, 1984, 333 pages.

Family Relationships in Later Life, edited by Timothy Brubaker. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage Publications, 1983, 272 pages, $25.00, paperback $12.50.

Overcrowding in the Household, An Analysis of Determinants and Effects, by Walter R. Gove &; Michael Hughes. New York: Academic Press, 1983, 326 pages, $39.00.

Origins and Evolution of Behavior Disorders, by Stella Chess &; Alexander Thomas. New York: Brunner/Mazel, 1984, 320 pages, $30.00.

Psychotherapy with Psychotherapists, edited by Florence W. Kaslow. New York: Haworth Press, 1984, 202 pages, $22.95.

Innovations in Clinical Practice: A Source Book, Volume 3, edited by Peter A. Keller &; Lawrence G. Ritt. Sarasota, FL: Professional Resource Exchange, 1984, 482 pages, hardbound $39.95; looseleaf binder, $44.95.

Guiding the Family: Practical Counseling Techniques, by B. B. Grunwald &; H. V. McAbee. Muncie, IN: Accelerated Development, 1985, 346 pages, $17.95.

Applying Family Therapy: A Practical Guide for Social Workers, by Helen C. Masson &; Patrick O'Byrne. Oxford, England: Pergamon Press, 1984, 148 pages, hardbound $20.00; paperback $13.00.

Parent Training, edited by Richard F. Dungel &; Richard A. Polster. New York: Guilford, 1984, 576 pages, $35.00.

New Developments in Behavior Therapy, edited by Cyril M. Franks. New York: The Hawthorne Press, 1984, 589 pages, $45.00 hardbound, $24.95 softbound.

Symptom Reduction Through Clinical Biofeedback, by Ivan Wentworth-Rohr, New York: Human Sciences Press, 1984, 273 pages.

American Family Law in Transition, by Walter O. Weyrauch &; Sandord N. Katz. Washington, DC: The Bureau of National Affairs, 1983, 629 pages, $35.00.

The Denial of Stress, edited by Sholomo Breznitz. New York: International Universities Press, 1983, 316 pages, $25.00.

Stress Reduction and Prevention, edited by Donald Meichenbaum 6 Matt Jaremko. New York: Plenum, 1983, 512 pages, $32.50.

Life-Span Developmental Psychology: Nonnormative Life Events, edited by Edward J. Callahan &; Kathleen A. McCluskey. New York: Academic Press, 1983, 314 pages, $29.50.     

Book Reviews

Work, Organizations, and Technological Change. Edited by Gfrhard Mensch & Richard J. Niehaus. Skill Seekers: Black Youth, Apprenticeships and Disadvantage. By Gloria Lee & John Wrench. Authority and Participation in Industry. By Peter Brannen. Job Stress and Burnout: Research, Theory and Intervention Perspectives. Edited by Whiton Stewart Pain. Conditions of Work: A Cumulative Digest. Edited By Linda Stoddart. Bibliography of Periodicals on the Quality of Working Life. Relative Deprivation and Working Women. By Faye J. Crosby. Counselling People at Work. By Robert Ve Board.     

Beliefs About Emotion: Links to Emotion Regulation,Well-Being,and Psychological Distress

People differ in their implicit beliefs about emotions. Some believe emotions are fixed (entity theorists), whereas others believe that everyone can learn to change their emotions (incremental theorists). We extend the prior literature by demonstrating (a) entity beliefs are associated with lower well-being and increased psychological distress, (b) people's beliefs about their own emotions explain greater unique variance than their beliefs about emotions in general, and (3) implicit beliefs are linked with well-being/distress via cognitive reappraisal. These results suggest people's implicit beliefs—particularly about their own emotions—may predispose them toward emotion regulation strategies that have important consequences for psychological health.