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Raymond Perriolat 《Psychologie appliquee》1987,36(3-4):299-310
ľauteur expose la génèse de ce système et sa réalisation matérielle. Dans un premier chapitre, il fait ľinventaire des méthodes psychologiques à informa-tiser selon la nature des tests, leur exploitation et leur gestion. Il évoque, dans un deuxième chapitre, les différentes solutions envisagées en fonction de ľévolution des technologies et des méthodes psychologiques utilisées, en particulier entre un système en réseau ou un système autonome. C'est finale-ment un système autonome qui a été retenu à la S.N.C.F. et qui est décrit dans un troisième chapitre. II s'agit ďun matériel modulable pouvant s'adapter sur les différents postes de travail: tests textes, tests graphiques, et tests de liaison psycho-moteurs. Pour conclure, ľauteur dresse un premier bilan et évoque les developpements futurs.
The author presents the development of the computerised test information system operated by the French national railways. In the first part, he draws up an inventory of the psychological methods that can be computerised according to the kinds of tests, their application, and their management. In the second part, he demonstrates the different solutions considered possible, these being related to the evolution of technologies and to the psychological methods used, particularly between a network system and an autonomous system. An autonomous system, selected by the S.N.C.F., is decribed in the third part. The system can be adapted to the different work posts. Finally, the author gives a list of the first results obtained and envisages future developments. 相似文献
The author presents the development of the computerised test information system operated by the French national railways. In the first part, he draws up an inventory of the psychological methods that can be computerised according to the kinds of tests, their application, and their management. In the second part, he demonstrates the different solutions considered possible, these being related to the evolution of technologies and to the psychological methods used, particularly between a network system and an autonomous system. An autonomous system, selected by the S.N.C.F., is decribed in the third part. The system can be adapted to the different work posts. Finally, the author gives a list of the first results obtained and envisages future developments. 相似文献
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Technical devices are part of elderly people's daily life. Meanwhile, research has not yet systematically explored how old people understand procedural instructions accompanying these devices. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate how age and memory span affect how people follow procedural instructions. To do so, the Reading Span Test of Daneman & Carpenter (1980) and an adaptation of the Kaplan & White's (1980) following directions game were administrated to young and older adults. The Reading Span Test was administrated in order to determine the participants’ memory span size. Then, participants had to follow procedural instructions with a growing complexity displayed on a computer screen. Results show that participants’ age and instructions complexity affect how the instructions are performed. Old adults encounter more difficulty performing the task than young adults. Furthermore, whatever the age, as the complexity of instructions increases, low-span participants have more difficulty performing instructions than high-span participants do. 相似文献
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《Journal of the history of the behavioral sciences》1990,26(3):300-301
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《Psychologie appliquee》1980,29(4):534-540
Psychologie ergonomique appliquée aux situations de conduite
Psychopédagogie de la conduite et de la circulation
Psychosociologie de la communication sociale en matière de sécurité 相似文献
Psychopédagogie de la conduite et de la circulation
Psychosociologie de la communication sociale en matière de sécurité 相似文献
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Integration of capacity (Just and Carpenter, 1992) and componentiel (Baddeley, 1986) conceptions of working memory in models of text composition (Hayes, 1996 ; Kellogg, 1996 ; McCutchen, 1996) has allowed studying several facets of the role of working memory in writing acquisition and in expert management of the writing processes. This article presents these two conceptions and examines their respective contribution in the field of writing research from two perspectives: The demands of the writing processes (in terms of processing and transient storage) and the influence of working memory capacity on the control of production. The conclusion underlines the importance of investigating the on-line management of text production, the role of the visuo-spatial sketchpad, and to link strategies for allocating the working memory resources with text quality. 相似文献
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Ginette Boudreau 《International journal of psychology》1992,27(6):459-475
Cette étude avait deux objectifs. L'un était de mesurer, à différents niveaux d'âges, l'illusion de l'identité de l'objet pour des paires de formes différentes, présentées en mouvement apparent. L'autre consistait à déterminer les effets de la démonstration de transformations sur l'identification des mêmes paires de formes lorsque présentées en mouvement apparent. Un total de 138 enfants (âges moyens: 5;6, 6;6 et 7;6 ans) a été soumis à deux séances. La première présentait cinq couples de formes différentes en mouvement apparent afin de produire, pour chacun de ces couples, l'illusion d'un seul objet changeant de forme. La seconde séance présentait les mêmes couples en mouvement apparent, sauf que chacun de ces couples était précédé, individuellement, d'un démonstration de leur transformation. L'analyse nonparamétrique des résultats montre que l'illusion de l'identité ne varie guère de manière significative avec l'âge, ou avec la démonstration des transformations. L'interprétation suggère que la représentation des transformations serait un facteur plus important dans le processus d'identification que la simple perception de ces modifications. 相似文献
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The present study examined the knowledge of uppercase letters in 160 children aged from three to six. Three tasks were administrated: letter saying, letter naming, letter recognition. Children's responses were analyzed according to several variables: school level, gender, task, letter type, letter frequency, etc. Letter knowledge improved from three to six years, but with huge differences among children, namely the superiority of girls over boys. Letter by letter analyses showed that scores were highly consistent between tasks and school levels. They also revealed that letter knowledge was affected by letter type, letter frequency, alphabetic rank and the presence of letters in the child's first name. The findings are discussed for their contribution to the understanding of letter learning. 相似文献
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M. Favart 《Psychologie Fran?aise》2005,50(3):305-322
Written text composition is a complex activity improving slowly through acquisition. One of the main difficulty for the novice writer is to translate in the linear textual structure a multidimensional representation (Fayol, 1991). The general issue of this paper concerns the essential role of cohesion devices in the acquisition of this linearization process in writing. Anaphoræ, connectives and punctuation marks are first mentionned, stressing on their common functions in text. Then, stress is put on their acquisition, both as structured systems and as functional tools progressively organizing the written text and ensuring close inter-systems relations. 相似文献
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