宋明理学"孔颜之乐"理论的发展线索

“孔颜之乐”问题自从周敦颐明确提出后,几乎一直贯穿于整个宋明理学中,并且由此发展出了多种有关“乐”的理论。那么,这些理论是如何发展的?这种发展的内在逻辑是什么?其原因是什么?所有这些问题都是深入研究宋明理学“孔颜之乐”论非常必要也是非常重要的环节。通过研究,我们总结出宋明理学中的“孔颜之乐”论主要有以下一些发展线索:由注重外在规律、规范到注重个体内心自适;由道德理性到生活感性;从精英意识到平民心态;由理想追求到现实现成;从“无我”到“有我”等线索。然而其中最主要的则是由道德理性到生活感性和从“无我”到“有我…     

我是"金陵人"

春天的“金陵”校园里四处洋溢着生气盎然的景象,“金陵”的学子们都在勤奋学习。这几天,学校来了不少外地考生,其中有我八个来自华东神学院的校友,他们都是来“考研”的。当我送他们到学校门口时,有一位校友说:“这个校园比我想象     

古代中国人心中的"我"及其启示

本文先对“我”作语义分析．指出“我”的本义足指个体自身,“我”的其它含义皆由此本义引申而来。然后简要指出古代中国人的“我”的观念对当代中国人树立健全的“我”有3点启示：1．先要肯定小我存在的价值,然后再鼓励人们追求大我的价值;2．健全的“我”必足融道德我、理智我和审美我于一体的“我”;3．健全的“我”必是一独立自主的“我”。     

学会驾驭自己的心态

本人从单位里辞职出来专事写作——不再靠拿工资生活的消息传出后，引起不少朋友的关注，有表示钦佩的，有介绍写专栏的，也有劝我三思而后行的。一位编发过我好几篇小说的编辑先生，在来信中劝我说：“我认为靠创作谋生是一桩险事，需三思而后行。六七百元的生活费绝不算多，写起来却很累，有些文章还前途未卜。最不易的是心态，有时许久没有心思写，生活就没有着落了。”我一看见他的“最不易把握的是心态”就笑了。是的，一个人最难的就是把自己的心态建设好，保养好，把握好。这其中最重要的是“把握”。平常情况下，做到有一个好的心态…     

人际交往中的三种角色心态

人与人之间的沟通,可以分为三种不同的心态,即家长心态、成人心态和孩童心态。 有这样一个例子:三个人合伙做生意,最后赔了,甲说:“都怨你们,没有真本事,和你们合伙真是倒霉!”乙说:“我觉得这次赔本有几个原因,一是我们三人想法不一,劲没往一处使。二是工作上也存在一些客观阻力。”丙说:“都是我不好,我没干好工作,请你们原谅,我一定会改正,大家还是接着干     

我是昨天,你的昨天

我是昨天。我已永远离你而去。我是长长一列日子的最后一个,在你身后流走,流进雾霭和昏暗中,汇入遗忘的大海。我们满载而去,成功、失败、欢笑或痛苦;我们载着这一切归于遗忘,而我们离去时都会在你的潜意识中留下些什么。     

"鬼"离我们有多远?--谈我心中的"鬼"影

一、懵懂中感觉“鬼”。 我出生在大别山下一个山村里。小时候,喜欢听大人讲故事,尤其在夏夜乘凉时,听故事是我的乐趣。记得六岁时,第一次听“鬼”的故事,是隔壁王大爷讲的,他说一次在夏夜他路过我们的村头时,听见村头的小河里有些东西在啪啪的击水声,他大声吆喝,那些东西“呼呼”地跑了,一会儿就消失了,那时我听罢觉得毛骨悚然;不久乘凉时,后院的宋老爹讲“鬼火”一事,说是人死后会变成“鬼魂”到处飘,并且当时他一边讲,一边手指着面前的大山上一闪一闪的光说,那就是的;随着听故事的内容增多。“鬼”在我心中扎下了根:有一次,我在村前的小河逮鱼,一不小心栽到河里去,     

一次爆发的会议引发的思考

一早，财务经理一脸严肃地走进我的办公室，说：“昨天我们面试看中的那位候选人我不想要了。”我本能地叫出声来：“为什么。已经安排她去体检了啊？”她接着更斩钉截铁地说：“我希望能用一位男性候选人，或者我不想找一位太生活化的员工。”我一下子被这么大的信息量给怔住了。     

天空无痕 我已飞过

“天空中没有翅膀的痕迹,而我己飞过。”喜欢这句话,是因为它高远的意境,豁达的心态。也许做一名教师,就像飞过的鸟儿,没有功利的收获,但在陪伴孩子成长的过程中,我们也成就了自己人生的美丽。我做班主任的经验只有一条,那就是一一爱学生并让学生感受到爱。我想：师爱,在任何时候都不会过时!正如李亚东老师所说：一切方法都是雕虫小技!只有深沉,朴素的师爱才是班主任最强大的人格魅力!     

发生在我身边的事情--我的"特功大师"岳父

这个发生在我们身边的故事,告诉我们一个不争的事实,那就是这些年来,各种“大师”培养出的弟子,要想仿效“师父”的那一套把戏,都可以成为“准大师”、“类大师”,至少可以弄个“中师”、“小师”的当当。可以出名、骗钱,当个职业干也收入颇丰。我们非常欢迎这样的故事,因为它让我们对泛滥的一些神魔鬼怪的事情思考！     

"Psychotherapy" versus "treatment"

Presents a comment on "Psychological treatments" by D. H. Barlow. Barlow proposed that we distinguish between the terms "treatment" and "psychotherapy." The author believes that not only is the distinction unnecessary, but that its implications could have negative consequences for the field of clinical psychology. It is the proposed distinguishing feature that treatments are "specifically tailored to the pathological process that is causing the impairment and distress" that is most problematic. Clinical psychology does not need a distinction that further exacerbates the split between researchers and practitioners.     

"Enmeshment" and "Fusion"

The paper examines two related concepts utilized by two different schools of family therapy. Any family seen to be "enmeshed" is also seen as "fused," and vice versa. The difference in the level of focus, on the "system containing the individuals" (structural) or the "individual in the system" (fusion), determines the difference in therapeutic approach of these two schools.     

"本体论"与"伦理学"--形而上学的两个向度

形而上学有两个密切相关的内在向度,就是本体论向度与伦理学向度.在哲学史上,哲学家们之所以在"追求形而上学"的同时,又总是"反形而上学",并非是人们的形上本性出了问题,而是因为人们总是将形而上学视为单纯的"一维性",总是用一个向度来取代或遮蔽另一个向度.而所谓的"后形而上学思想",也并不是消解了形而上学,而是指形而上学从"本体论向度"转向了"伦理学向度".     

“对的”与“好的”

什么是“对的”,和对它的证立,是道德哲学中具有争议性的核心问题,也是效用主义和道义论间的主要差异之所在。统合效用主义对于“好的就是对的”这个陈述有一套完整周延的说法。而道义论对这个问题的证立不够周延或没有足够的说服力。     

PREFERRING "HOUSEWIVES" TO "FEMINISTS"

Four studies are described outlining the favorability of attitudes toward women. In Study 1, participants indicated their attitudes toward women and men and their construal of the term "women". The results revealed that women were evaluated more favorably than men, but that male right-wing authoritarians (RWAs) who construed women as referring primarily to feminists were least favorable in their attitudes. In Study 2, participants indicated their attitudes toward both "housewives" and "feminists". The results revealed that feminists were evaluated less favorably than housewives, and that the most negative attitudes toward feminists were expressed by authoritarian men. Study 3 revealed that high-RWA males held more negative symbolic beliefs concerning feminists (i.e., beliefs that feminists failed to promote participants'values) and that these beliefs accounted for variation in attitudes among high RWAs and much of the RWA-attitude relation. Finally, Study 4 revealed that high RWAs perceived greater value dissimilarity between them-selves and feminists. The implications of the findings for future research are discussed.     

从"管制"到"平衡"--政府与公众理想关系模式的构建及其制度化

论文从行政民主的角度探讨政府与公众之间的理想关系模式及其制度化构建过程 ,将我国在改革之前的政府与公众模式概括为管制模式。论文指出 ,在制度变迁的过程中 ,这一模式日益受到挑战。而在新的制度环境下 ,我国政府与公众的关系模式应该是平衡模式。这一模式的制度化措施包括培育自主的市民社会 ,赋予公众以独立的活动空间 ;促进行政公开 ,建立一个开放负责的政府 ;推进行政法建设 ,抑制行政恣意     

"石狮"、"风水"与"吉祥"

谁都知道,在古老的中国,不管是衙门、宫殿、庙宇的门前,还是豪宅、大户人家的门口,人们都能看到摆着一对石狮。据说,这对石狮子在许多中国人的心目中,它不但是一种气派的象征,而且还是一种被人认为是好的“吉祥物”。如今,旧时的衙门没有了,但遗留下来的宫殿、庙宇的门前,其中有些石狮仍有保存。然而,想像不到的是,这号称“吉祥物”的石狮今天却开始“走”进某些党政机关的大门口,它们(石狮)在那里时时都在保护着这些政府要员“平平安安”、“吉祥如意”。这不仅使我联想起一些极端的报道,有些政府官员为升迁,请算命先生定位,用风水术为政府…     

"Us" and "Them":

Abstract: In the Aristotelian tradition, politics is a matter of public deliberation over questions of justice and injustice. The Bush administration's response to the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, has been uniformly hostile to this notion, and it has instead promoted a jingoistic politics of self‐assertion by an America largely identified with the executive branch of its government. This is doubly disturbing, as the executive branch has sought to free itself from international law, multinational commitments, and domestic judicial regulation, even as it has sought to validate itself by demonizing its enemies. This essay draws out the disturbing echoes here of Carl Schmitt's work of the 1920s, in particular of Schmitt's conception of the sovereign as the ungrounded ground of the law and the political as the site of mortal conflict between friend and enemy. The essay argues that Schmitt's position in the twenties, for all of its evident problems, is superior to that of Bush, Wolfowitz, and Ashcroft in at least two senses: Schmitt condemns the idea of waging war for profit and recognizes that such wars will often be disguised as moral crusades waged against the “inhuman”; and he acknowledges that claiming to fight a war for humanity denies one's enemies their humanity, leaving them open to torture and even extermination.