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1.
Hao Tang 《Synthese》2014,191(14):3173-3194
A dualism characteristic of modern philosophy is the conception of the inner and the outer as two independently intelligible domains. Wittgenstein’s attack on this dualism contains deep insights. The main insight (excavated from §304 and §293 of the Philosophical Investigations) is this: our sensory consciousness is deeply shaped by language and this shaping plays a fundamental role in the etiology of the dualism. I locate this role in the learning of a sensation-language (as described in §244), by showing that this learning is, under another aspect, the incision of language, namely the infliction of cuts upon certain natural-primitive unities between the inner and the outer. These cuts, driven by powerful forces, eventually harden into an entrenched division between the inner and the outer, thereby providing a constant soil for the dualism. That this dualism is rooted in the very learning of a language is cause for ambivalence about language.  相似文献   

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A survey of the religious and psychological literature on glossolalia (speaking in tongues) reviews the various ways that have been used to try to understand this fascinating practice. At the present time an impasse has been reached: glossolalists can no longer be viewed as suffering from psychopathological disorders or from sociological deprivation. Insights derived from the psychology of the self and narcissism, as presented in the works of Heinz Kohut and D.W. Winnicott, are used to suggest new approaches to understand glossolalia.  相似文献   

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林忠军 《哲学研究》2012,(10):43-49,57,128
<正>数字卦研究涉及到考古学、文字学、历史学、数学等多方面内容,是易学研究中难度较大的一个课题。本文主要通过梳理和解读出土发现的数字卦及前贤已有的成果,说明易学象数起源及其在《周易》文本形成过程中的价值和意义。  相似文献   

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Belief and the problem of Ulysses and the sirens   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
While self-contained, this paper is a sequel to my Belief and the Will (1984); see theBibliographical Note at the end of this paper for a survey of the relevant literature since then and supplementary references. I have meanwhile benefitted greatly from Brad Armendt's commentary and Richard Foley's How should future opinion affect current opinion?, both presented at a symposium at the APA Central Division, April 1993.  相似文献   

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<周易>古经虽没有出现阴阳、刚柔概念,但已经以奇偶为依据,将二爻、八卦设置为属性阴柔和阳刚的两仪二分结构,重卦而成的六十四卦及每卦中的六爻因此形成上下卦之间、各爻之间种种阴阳刚柔关系.由<周易>对其分合处位的态度以及与之相应的吉凶判定可见其对于阴阳交合、刚柔持衡的钟爱和追求.  相似文献   

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阴阳五行学说是中国古代文化系统中较为复杂的一支.在中国上古时代,阴阳五行原是两个并列的哲学概念,几乎可用以概括天地自然和社会人事的一切.阴阳观念作为中国古人哲学思辩的结晶,最先主要体现在&;lt;周易&;gt;和&;lt;老子&;gt;中,用以解释自然、社会人事的变化发展规律.五行观念也是中国古人最早对自然万物的一种哲理思辩的抽象概括,认为木火土金水五行,原来是构成天地万物的五种基本物质,它们各有其性,彼此间存在着相生相克的关系,其运动变化就构成了瞬息万变而又协调平衡的物质世界.两者有着各自不同的文化来源,并非一开始就是融通合参地加以运用的.……  相似文献   

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心理学史教学与人才培养模式的改革   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
心理学史教学应成为大学心理学专业本科生的必修课,对于开启学生的心智和提高心理学理论素养具有其他课程所不可替代的重要作用。心理学史教学要探询古代心理学思想家的心灵智慧,把他们的思想活化,与我们进行心灵的对话。要通过与学生的思想交流,使师生之间就某些学术问题展开讨论,做到相互启迪,教学相长。心理学史教学的改革要加强学生哲学功底的培养,加强中西方思想的融合贯通,加强历史与现实的联系,有目的地培养心理学专业的理论人才。  相似文献   

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伊斯兰教具有宗教、法律、伦理三位一体的特点,伊斯兰教法不仅约束着穆斯林的内心世界,也约束这他们的外部行为。伊斯兰教法包括宗教功课、民事法律和刑事法律三方面内容,随着伊斯兰教在中国的传播,开始了伊斯兰教法律文化同中国传统法律文化之间的冲突与融合的过程,这一过程也是伊斯兰教中国化的必经之路,明清时代回族学者汉文译著对这一过程产生了较大影响。本文依据文献资料研究了汉文译著活动与教法的传布诸问题,试图从一个方面揭示伊斯兰教中国化的历程。  相似文献   

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人类最初的生存状态是群聚,群聚是人的类属性的自发聚集,它使人类本能地意识到人类的同一性;群聚之后人类走向群居,群居是人的群体属性的自觉结合,它体现了人类的同一性之外的群体差异性.类同一性使人类能够彼此交往,是道德产生的可能性主体基础;群体差异性使人类必须交往,是道德产生的必然性主体基础,二者都是道德产生的主体基础.  相似文献   

11.
Robert Arp 《Human Studies》2004,27(3):221-239
There is a two-fold problem the phenomenologist must face: the first has to do with thinking like a phenomenologist given that one is always already steeped in the mundane sphere; the second has to do with the phenomenologist entering into dialogue with those scientists, psychologists, sociologists and other laypersons who still remain in the mundane sphere. I address the first problem by giving an Husserlian-inspired account of the movement from the mundane to the transcendental, and show that there are decent prospects for getting life-world folks to start thinking like phenomenologists. I address the second problem by showing that Husserl has himself caught in a dilemma: either the reduction takes place and no communication is possible between phenomenologist and non-phenomenologist, or the reduction does not take place and the phenomenological method remains a psychological makeshift, supposedly accessible to Husserl and his esoteric followers.  相似文献   

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Summary In this outline no attempt has been made to prove survival, nor even to cite all of the more convincing types of cases, but to present in organized form some of the classes of evidence gathered by psychical research. During the eighty-odd years of organized research in this field, instances have been attested of apparitions which indirectly suggest the survival of personality.This article is an excerpt from one which appeared in theJournal of the American Society for Psychical Research, January, 1945, and is reprinted by permission of the author.  相似文献   

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阴阳五行学说在我国古代经历了一个逐渐发展的时期,在这一发展的过程中,首先是齐人邹衍将之与朝代的兴衰更迭联系在一起,随后,汉代的董仲舒又将儒家的仁义、伦理等因素与之结合,并提出了天人感应的神学体系。  相似文献   

16.
Two studies are reported. One examined the reliability and validity of a brief scale to measure children's temperament; the other tested the relationship of early temperament and the development of asthma. In Study 1, principal caretakers of 46 4- to 7-year-olds, usually the mothers, filled out questionnaires containing the Brief Scale of Temperament (BST) and the Behavioral Style Questionnaire. The caretakers did this twice, about 1 week apart. The first time the children's recent temperament was assessed, and the second time past (> 1 year) temperament was assessed. Internal consistency and correlational analyses revealed substantial reliability and validity for BST assessments of recent and past temperament. Study 2 incorporated the BST in a large-scale survey of 325 families, with parents providing data on their children's asthma and temperament. BST assessments of early (past) temperament were made retrospectively regarding the child's first few years. Comparisons of early temperament revealed no differences between children who developed asthma and those who did not in their overall scores on the BST or for any of the temperament characteristics it measures. In addition, correlational analyses of data for asthmatics showed that early temperament was not related to ratings of the severity of the asthma condition the children developed or the impacts of any of 12 specific asthma triggers, including any involving emotional states, such as stress or worry.  相似文献   

17.
There is more to non-verbal communication than observing the client, although intense observation of the client has taken second place to listening to their words. After reflecting on the history of the use of sight in medicine and psychoanalysis, the author examines the significance for Freud and others of the ‘senses at a distance' (hearing and sight), and issues such as voyeurism and exhibitionism in the therapeutic relationship. The phenomenon of seeing and being seen is related through case examples to issues about distance and space, paranoid anxiety and communication disorders. Attention is also paid to illusion as a way of seeing, and its relevance in the counter-transference. The article concludes by looking at the way clients see therapists, tracing briefly the progression from self-pre-occupation to seeing the therapist as a separate other.  相似文献   

18.
Two studies are reported. One examined the reliability and validity of a brief scale to measure children's temperament; the other tested the relationship of early temperament and the development of asthma. In Study 1, principal caretakers of 46 4- to 7-year-olds, usually the mothers, filled out questionnaires containing the Brief Scale of Temperament (BST) and the Behavioral Style Questionnaire. The caretakers did this twice, about 1 week apart. The first time the children's recent temperament was assessed, and the second time past (> 1 year) temperament was assessed. Internal consistency and correlational analyses revealed substantial reliability and validity for BST assessments of recent and past temperament. Study 2 incorporated the BST in a large-scale survey of 325 families, with parents providing data on their children's asthma and temperament. BST assessments of early (past) temperament were made retrospectively regarding the child's first few years. Comparisons of early temperament revealed no differences between children who developed asthma and those who did not in their overall scores on the BST or for any of the temperament characteristics it measures. In addition, correlational analyses of data for asthmatics showed that early temperament was not related to ratings of the severity of the asthma condition the children developed or the impacts of any of 12 specific asthma triggers, including any involving emotional states, such as stress or worry.  相似文献   

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