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1.
Emily I. Raphael-Greenfield 《Occupational Therapy in Mental Health》2013,29(1):35-49
The researchers conducted in-depth interviews with formerly homeless adults who had moved to supportive housing to understand their perceived occupational needs and the factors that affected their transition. A qualitative research design with four participants who had a history of substance abuse and mental illness was used. Participant interviews that addressed categories of daily living and personal satisfaction produced data that were coded for analysis using conventional content analysis. Mega themes emerged that related to factors shaping the housing transition and maintenance experience. Occupational therapists can use these findings to create informed interventions to enhance this population's occupational performance. 相似文献
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Kelly L. Hodges Divya Manda Melodee L. Nugent Pippa M. Simpson 《Journal of child and family studies》2018,27(2):475-482
Children in foster care have high levels of health care needs, many of which are unmet at foster care entry. Health care coordination (HCC) is essential to ensure unmet needs are addressed rapidly. Data is lacking about how best to triage children at foster care entry so limited HCC resources can be allocated most effectively. Therefore, we aimed to: (1) utilize a Triage Tool (TT) at foster care entry to stratify children based on unmet health care needs and (2) determine if the TT is an accurate predictor of health care utilization as indicated by cost during a child’s first few weeks in care. A TT was developed and utilized during the initial foster care health exam (IFCHE) to stratify children based on unmet needs. Medicaid records were reviewed to determine health care utilization and cost during the first 60 days post-IFCHE. Most children (61.6%) had the lowest level of unmet needs (Level 3), 29.5% had a moderate level of unmet needs (Level 2), and 9.9% had the highest level of unmet needs (Level 1). Medicaid claims review revealed that triage level did not correlate to health care utilization or costs during the first 60 days post-IFCHE. Youth placed in a group home incurred significantly higher costs than those placed in foster homes. These results suggest that the TT is useful clinically but does not predict health care utilization and costs during the first weeks in care. Group home placement incurs more cost than foster home placement, independent of triage level assigned. 相似文献
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June M. Clausen John Landsverk William Ganger David Chadwick Alan Litrownik 《Journal of child and family studies》1998,7(3):283-296
We compared the rates of mental health problems in children in foster care across three counties in California. A total of 267 children, ages 0 to 17, were assessed two to four months after entry into foster care using a behavioral screening checklist, a measure of self-concept and, in one county, an adaptive behavior survey. Results confirmed previous research and indicated consistently high rates of mental health problems across the three counties. Behavior problems in the clinical or borderline range of the CBCL were observed at two and a half times the rate expected in a community population. Fewer children fell within the clinical range on the self-concept measure. No significant differences in rates between the three county foster care cohorts were observed, despite the different demographic characteristics of the counties. On the adaptive behavior scale, the mean scores for children in foster care were more than one standard deviation below the norm. Our findings suggest that the most important mental health screening issue with children in foster care is to identify what specific mental health problems need to be addressed so that the most effective treatment services can be provided. 相似文献
5.
Hmong Mental Health Needs Assessment: A Community-Based Partnership in a Small Mid-Western Community
The overall goal of this assessment was to verify the mental health needs of Hmong living in a mid-west community in order clarify the format, content, and feasibility of providing mental health services for Hmong in the future. Using a Community-Based Participatory Research (CBPR) model, we held four focus groups with 36 men, women, adolescents and professionals, all of Hmong descent, as well as interviewed 28 individual medical, mental health, education, and social service providers in the Eau Claire community. Our Hmong sample was frequently unclear about what “mental” health meant, indicating a low level of mental health literacy. Results confirmed that there are significant mental health needs in this refugee and immigrant population. Participants described problems consistent with depression, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), anxiety disorders, somatoform disorders, and severe social stress and acculturation difficulties in every generation. Elder people and male adolescents were described as the most disaffected and in need of immediate services. It will be critical to address mental health literacy before designing future interventions. Treatment suggestions were provided with the intention of removing barriers and incorporating culturally sensitive methodologies, while continuing to work closely with our local mental health providers and Hmong leadership. 相似文献
6.
We investigated the relationship between health care expenditures for Special Health Care Needs (SHCN) children and family
perception of financial burden. Using 2005/2006 National Survey of Children with Special Health Care Needs data, a multivariate
logistic regression model was used to estimate the relationship between the SHCN child’s health care expenditure and perceived
financial burden, while controlling for family and child characteristics. Our analysis suggests that health care expenditures
for a SHCN child of $250 and more are associated with family perception of financial burden. In addition, families with lower
socioeconomic status also perceived financial burden at lower level of expenditures. Members of the health care team who treat
children with SHCN have an important role in understanding and assessing family financial burden as part of the care delivery
to the child and the family. Our study reinforces the need to treat the whole family as the unit of care, especially when
caring for children with special health care needs. 相似文献
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Lisa Lopez Levers Desire Kamanzi Donatilla Mukamana Kirrily Pells Dan-Bush Bhusumane 《Journal of Psychology in Africa》2013,23(2):261-272
Rwandan leaders in the health and educational sectors have begun to discuss the necessity for establishing culturally appropriate community-based mental health counselling services in Rwanda, especially trauma counselling. The need for a community psychology approach is anchored in the lingering effects of the genocide and the continuing post-traumatic stress symptoms suffered by many in the population. Capacity building in an effort like this would require the design of multi-level counselling curricula that are sensitive to the social structures within Rwandan culture. These curricular endeavours call for the development of a National Counselling Centre to serve as a structural mechanism for organizing community-based counselling initiatives. We consider the community health services needs in Rwanda here, along with associated challenges and strategies for effective mental health services in a country with a recent history of genocide. A community psychology approach to mental health would benefit Rwandan society by making trauma counselling and recovery services available and accessible to citizens throughout the country. 相似文献
11.
Jared S. Warren Philip L. Nelson Gary M. Burlingame 《Journal of child and family studies》2009,18(6):690-701
We developed predicted change trajectories and a warning system designed to identify psychotherapy cases at risk for treatment
failure as observed in archival Youth Outcome Questionnaire data (parent/guardian-report) from 363 children and adolescents
(ages 4–17) served in an outpatient community mental health system. We used multilevel modeling procedures to develop models
of predicted change based on demographic information. Controlling for the effects of age on intercept, no other variables
were significant in the model. The warning system we created from half of the sample (n = 181) correctly identified 71% of treatment failures in the other half of the sample (n = 182), defined as cases whose symptoms were significantly higher at the end of treatment compared to symptoms at intake.
As over half of youth cases in this usual care setting did not demonstrate reliable improvement in symptoms, these results
further emphasize the value of patient-focused research in monitoring patient progress and prompting changes in the treatment
approach if suitable progress is not observed. 相似文献
12.
Community Data Collection with Children of Mothers Living with HIV: Boundaries of the Researcher Role 下载免费PDF全文
Rebecca Hill LeCroix Nada M. Goodrum Schell Hufstetler Lisa P. Armistead 《American journal of community psychology》2017,60(3-4):368-374
The TRACK‐II program is a multi‐site, community‐based randomized controlled trial evaluating an intervention to assist mothers living with HIV (MLH) in disclosing their HIV status to their young children. Many participants—both mothers and children—reported significant depression and/or suicidal ideation, a phenomenon that presented ethical challenges. This article focuses on participants at one site (Atlanta). Through the vignette of “Jordan,” we describe ethical challenges that may arise when faced with the responsibility of maximizing participants’ safety while maintaining the boundaries of the researcher role. Guided by community psychology values, our team has taken measures within our role as researchers to empower and protect children and mothers endorsing suicidal ideation. For example, we have relied on relationships with community‐based organizations and AIDS service organizations to connect HIV‐affected families to mental health services. Furthermore, we have expanded our system of documentation to follow‐up adequately with families at risk, and we track family resources to promote a strengths‐based framework. We have solicited families’ feedback about their supports and needs to understand how we may best serve them by connecting them to the resources they report needing most and empowering them to care for themselves. 相似文献
13.
Timothy F. Piehler Michael L. Bloomquist Gerald J. August Abigail H. Gewirtz Susanne S. Lee Wendy S. C. Lee 《Journal of abnormal child psychology》2014,42(5):681-692
A culturally diverse sample of formerly homeless youth (ages 6–12) and their families (n?=?223) participated in a cluster randomized controlled trial of the Early Risers conduct problems prevention program in a supportive housing setting. Parents provided 4 annual behaviorally-based ratings of executive functioning (EF) and conduct problems, including at baseline, over 2 years of intervention programming, and at a 1-year follow-up assessment. Using intent-to-treat analyses, a multilevel latent growth model revealed that the intervention group demonstrated reduced growth in conduct problems over the 4 assessment points. In order to examine mediation, a multilevel parallel process latent growth model was used to simultaneously model growth in EF and growth in conduct problems along with intervention status as a covariate. A significant mediational process emerged, with participation in the intervention promoting growth in EF, which predicted negative growth in conduct problems. The model was consistent with changes in EF fully mediating intervention-related changes in youth conduct problems over the course of the study. These findings highlight the critical role that EF plays in behavioral change and lends further support to its importance as a target in preventive interventions with populations at risk for conduct problems. 相似文献
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Thomas Styron Anthony Pavlo Rebecca Miller Sarah Kamens Benjamin Cooley Hall Rebecca Fortgang 《International journal of group psychotherapy》2019,69(2):221-239
With peer supporters now comprising one of the most rapidly growing components of the mental health workforce, group interventions that combine their expertise with those of more traditional mental health providers are needed. An example of one such intervention, developed and implemented at a large community mental health center for individuals with serious mental illnesses, is presented. Called a “Home Group” and co-led by peers and clinical psychology interns, this intervention provides unique learning opportunities for peers and trainees and many potential benefits to group members. Vignettes to illustrate the model are presented and the potential therapeutic and empowering aspects of this innovative and promising approach are identified and discussed. 相似文献
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A Longitudinal Study of Predictors of Housing Stability,Housing Quality,and Mental Health Functioning Among Single Homeless Individuals Staying in Emergency Shelters 下载免费PDF全文
Tim Aubry Arnaud Duhoux Fran Klodawsky John Ecker Elizabeth Hay 《American journal of community psychology》2016,58(1-2):123-135
The current study examined risk and resilience factors at multiple levels that affect homeless individuals' ability to exit homelessness and achieve housing stability. It also examined the relationship between housing status, housing quality and mental health functioning. The methodology is a longitudinal study of single homeless individuals staying in emergency shelters in a medium‐sized Canadian city who were followed for a 2 year period. Data were collected from participants at a baseline interview when they were homeless and at a 2‐year follow‐up. There were 329 participants interviewed at baseline and 197 (59.9%) participants interviewed at follow‐up. Results from a structural equation modelling analysis found that having interpersonal and community resources were predictive of achieving housing stability. Specifically, having a larger social support network, access to subsidized housing, and greater income was related to achieving housing stability. On the other hand, having a substance use problem was a risk factor associated with a failure to achieving housing stability. Being female, feeling personally empowered, having housing that is perceived of being of higher quality were directly predictive of mental health functioning at follow‐up. Findings are discussed in the context of previous research and their policy implications. 相似文献
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Erin B. Comartin Edita Milanovic Victoria Nelson Sheryl Kubiak 《American journal of community psychology》2021,67(1-2):7-20
The overrepresentation of individuals with mental illness in the criminal/legal system is well documented. While professional associations urge diversion towards treatment, little is known about the practices these institutions use to identify this population. One understudied space in the criminal/legal continuum is jails. This exploratory study compares two types of mental health identification at jail booking to assess jail‐ and community‐based service outcomes by identification type (N = 2956): (a) staff observation and (b) a standardized screening instrument. Individuals identified through staff observation were significantly more likely to receive jail‐ and community‐based services, even though current symptomology and substance misuse were both significantly higher for individuals identified only by the screening instrument. These findings point to the importance of jails in providing stabilizing services during incarceration, but further, show the impact that identification practices have on individuals as they transition to the community. Community context showed varied rates of jail staff observations of mental illness, showing greater risks for individuals in rural communities. Implications include a need for system‐level changes by instituting evidence‐based identification practices in jails, and improving professional collaboration practices between mental health and criminal/legal practitioners as individuals enter and exit jails. 相似文献
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Trauma‐Informed Care for Individuals with Serious Mental Illness: An Avenue for Community Psychology's Involvement in Community Mental Health 下载免费PDF全文
Martina Mihelicova Molly Brown Valery Shuman 《American journal of community psychology》2018,61(1-2):141-152
Individuals with serious mental illness are at particularly high risk for trauma; however, service environments with which they interact may not always be trauma‐informed. While community mental health and other human services settings are moving toward trauma‐informed care (TIC) service delivery, a variety of TIC frameworks exist without consensus regarding operationalization, thereby leading to challenges in implementation. TIC is principle‐driven and presents substantial overlap with community psychology values and competencies, including ecological frameworks, second‐order change, empowerment, and citizen participation. One way to address barriers to TIC implementation is to draw on the strengths of the field of community psychology. With a particular emphasis on the applicability of TIC to individuals with serious mental illness, this paper identifies key implementation issues and recommends future directions for community psychologists in clarifying the service framework, its adaptation to specific service contexts, and improving delivery through consultation and evaluation. Community psychologists may work with various disciplines involved in the TIC field to together promote a more conscious, actionable shift in service delivery. 相似文献
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The purpose of the current study was to convey findings regarding the community participation needs of families who have children with behavioral disorders. The changing focus of community-based service provision to the systems of care approach for children with mental health needs requires family input to identify and better address their needs. This study identified characteristics of community participation in families of children with mental health needs through a survey, using mixed methods design and purposeful sampling. Evolved themes supported challenges for policymakers to make changes in professional, school, and community supports. Occupational therapists have a strong skill set to offer these families and must work collaboratively with family organizations, provide support for successful engagement in desired social activities, and build adaptive behaviors in children with mental health needs. 相似文献
19.
Richard A. Epstein Neil Jordan Yong Joo Rhee Gary M. McClelland John S. Lyons 《Journal of child and family studies》2009,18(3):303-311
We studied 9,220 children referred to a comprehensive mental health crisis stabilization program to examine the impact of
caregiver capacity on crisis worker decisions to refer children for intensive community-based treatment as opposed to inpatient
psychiatric hospitalization. Due to the different role of caregivers in the child welfare system, analyses were stratified
by state custody status. Among both groups, there was a significant inverse association between child mental health need and
referral to intensive community-based treatment. For children not in state custody with low mental health need, there was
no difference in the likelihood of referral to intensive community-based treatment across levels of caregiver capacity. However,
for children not in state custody with medium and high mental health needs, those whose caregivers were deficient or severely
deficient were significantly more likely to be referred for intensive community-based treatment than were those who had capable
caregivers. Multivariate analyses demonstrated similar results after controlling for potential confounding variables and confirmed
that caregiver capacity contributes significantly to the logistic model’s classification accuracy. Results suggest further
investigation of the impact of caregiver capacity on mental health crisis worker referral decisions is needed. 相似文献