“炼法入道”小考

正道教的"炼法入道"之说,较少见当代学界提及。但事实上,它曾是唐宋时期道教内丹修炼的重要阶段,反映了当时道教试图超越各种"旧法"、确立"新道"地位的思潮,从中可以窥知道教修行观念的发展变化。"炼法入道"一词,首见于唐末道士施肩吾1撰《西山群仙会真记》,后来南宋曾慥编《道枢》亦曾袭用其说。关于施肩吾,元赵道一编《历世真仙体道通鉴》记曰:施君名肩吾,字希圣,号华阳,睦之分水人,世家     

《钟吕传道集》与《西山群仙会真记》版本考述

《钟吕传道集》和《西山群仙会真记》是两宋之际施肩吾一系内丹学的两部重要著作,可以说是钟吕金丹派形成过程中最重要的丹经,《钟吕传道集》更被誉为是"唐宋间最为系统之内丹撰述,钟吕金丹派教义之渊源"。①这两部书不仅在思想上具有很大的开拓性,在内丹史和道教宗派史上具有不容忽视的奠基性地位,而且语言浅     

道教辞典

七伤修道学仙之士的七种禁忌。据《迴天九霄经》载,学道者虽身有仙相,应自然合真,但有七败之伤,若不能修身消除,则难名列仙班。《云笈七籖》卷九十一《七部名数要记·七伤》谓:“学贵六合,宜慎七伤”。所谓七伤者:一、带真行伪,淫色丧神,则魂液泄漏,精光枯干;二、外形在道,而心抱阴贼,愿人破败,嫉贤妒能,妄造罪原,毁慢同学,攻伐师友,致邪魔攻身;三、饮酒洞醉,损气丧灵,五腑攻溃,万神震惊,魂魄飞散,内外朽零,必召邪魔入形,定将身灰幽冥,四、心忿口诤,嗔喜失节,性乖不恒,气激神散,内真飞扬,魄离魂游;五、不依科盟,漏泄天真,定身死     

王阳明“龙场三卦”臆说

一、问题的缘起王阳明于龙场“大悟格物致知之旨”,“始知圣人之道吾性自足”,“乃以默记五经之言证之,莫不吻合,因著《五经臆说》。……乃伐木构……‘玩易窝’”(《王阳明全集》,第1228页。下引该书仅注页码);并撰《玩易窝记》一文,高度赞叹易之功用:“此古之君子所以甘囚奴,忘拘幽,而不知老之将至也夫!吾知所以终吾身矣。”(第897页)弟子钱德洪尝请益于阳明《五经臆说》,阳明笑曰:“付秦火久矣。”阳明去世后,钱德洪于旧文中得《五经臆说》十三条,于《周易》仅存有《恒》、《遁》、《晋》三卦,但阳明在《玩易窝记》中高度赞叹易之功用,且…     

经典诵读

道者性所有,固非外而铄.孝弟道之本,固非强而为.得孝弟而推之忠,故积而成行.行备而道日充.是以尚士学道,忠孝以立本也,本立而道日生矣.道混乎其同,同于愚智,愚智不谓道而分也.愚者昧,智者巧.昧则不明,巧则不真.不明不真,去道所以远也.知道,则廓愚以为明,去智以成真.明真而信于道,道则为汝有矣.学道以致仙,仙非难也,忠孝者先之.不忠不孝,而求乎道,而冀乎仙,未之有也.     

天生一个仙人洞 无限风光在险峰——记庐山仙人洞道院

道教素有洞天福地之论。洞天为上天遣群仙统治之地,福地乃上天命真人治理之所。洞天福地是仙真们统理及修真得道的地方。全国道教名山胜景被编排为十大洞天、三十六小洞天、七十二福地。这其中以洞著名者,大概只有庐山的仙人洞了。庐山仙人洞居三十六小洞天之八,谓曰洞灵真天。庐山仙人洞,亦称佛手岩,20世纪60年代,毛泽东于庐山赋诗记赞山景云色曰“暮色苍茫看劲松,乱云飞渡仍从容,天生一个仙人洞,无限风光在险峰”,自兹以后,“仙人洞”乃与庐山齐名而传天下。“仙人洞”传为吕洞宾修炼得道之所,其临锦绣谷、距牯岭西南五华里,自然形成,高阔…     

浅谈对“五戒”的认识和意义

道教戒律是道教徒植福修因之慧炬,登真入道之慈航。是道教徒的道德规范,行为准则。故学道之士莫不持戒精严以积功累行。三洞诸经中说戒甚多:有《初真戒》、《三皈依戒》、《中极三百大戒》、《积功归根五戒》、《天仙大戒》……这些戒律皆为前贤祖师所授。对道教弟子的言行举止作了严格的规定和详细说明。上述戒律中《积功归根五戒》:“一、不得杀生;二、不得荤酒;三、不得妄言绮语、口是心非;四、不得偷盗;五、不得邪淫”,是每一位玄门弟子必须遵守的最基本的戒律之一。《老君戒经》曰:是五戒者,持身之本,持法之根。凡能持此五戒精进无虞者…     

从“心”看《齐物论》

《齐物论》不仅是《庄子》、也是先秦诸子中义理最为富赡深邃的篇什之一。历来诠解《齐物论》,多视内中“吾丧我”为全篇之关钥,但笔者认为,如不探及“心”的层面,则“吾丧我”何以可能终究有虚悬无着落之感。一、从“心”看“吾丧我”“吾丧我”乃是南郭子綦答颜成子游之问。子游之所以问,乃是惊异于子綦今昔“隐机”之异,遂有槁形、灰心之问。因而今昔“隐机”之异也就坐实到“形”和“心”两方面。这两方面是子綦之所呈现而为子游之所目击。子游之问虽是两个并列句,似无分轻重,但先言形而后及心,正密契目击的次第。目击形如槁木后方进到…     

心之善恶论

心为何物?西医认为心是血液循环中类似水泵的加压器。中医理论以为“心为君主之官而其华在面、主神明,乃智慧之穴。”《灵枢》“邪客篇”说:“心者,五脏六腑之大主也,邪弗能容也,容之则伤心,心伤则神去,神去则死矣。”孟子又将“心”超越到社会性的高度来认识,提出所     

《大洞真经》

道教经典。此经始见于《真诰》,云:“仙道有《大洞真经》三十九篇,在世。”当是东晋上清派杨羲假托降神所造。“大洞”为上清家理想之仙境,据称此经本藏于大洞仙宫中,故名。上清派视此经为上清诸经之首,宣称“若得《大洞真经》者,复不须金丹之道也,读之万过,毕便仙也”(《真诰》)。故而历代传授不绝。本经1卷,分39章,故或称《三十九章经》。每章存思一神降护诵经     

儿童Graves'病研究进展

Grave's病(GD)是导致儿童甲亢最常见的病因,其易感性80%决定于基因因素.ATD治疗是最常推荐的初始治疗手段,但长期缓解率仅为30%.ATD诱导儿童GD缓解的合适用药时间尚不明确.最佳治疗方式(ATD、RAI或手术)的选择还存在重大争议.药物治疗复发的预测非常重要,最近建立了一种复发风险评分,通过种族、年龄、诊断时FT4、TRAb水平、ATD预期治疗持续时间将GD儿童分成低中高三类风险人群,对其复发风险作出评估,对于确定GD儿童在初始治疗时选择何种方案更为适合意义重大.     

自伤青少年的冲动性

以自我报告、行为学和脑电为指标, 检验自伤青少年的冲动性。研究1, 对820名普通中学生和72名工读生进行问卷调查, 探讨自伤行为与情绪调节困难、冲动性的关系。结果表明, 冲动性能够预测自伤行为, 且预测效应量大于情绪调节困难。研究2, 采用Go/Nogo范式的ERPs实验, 检验自伤组与对照组冲动控制的行为学与脑电差异。结果表明, 自伤组Nogo正确反应的N2波幅显著高于对照组, N2潜伏期在部分电极点处高于对照组。脑电地形图显示两者的脑电差异主要体现在前额叶区。结论：自伤青少年的冲动性高于同龄普通青少年。     

Certification in Testing in Canada

This article presents a brief outline of a program developed by the Canada Employment and Immigration Commission (CEIC) for certifying employment counselors to use tests in Canada Employment Centres (CECs).     

Occupational Stress in Workers and Managers in Steelworks in China

Occupational stressors and strains of 121 Chinese steelwork employees and 122 managers were measured using the Chinese version of the Occupational Stress Indicator (OSI). It was found that factors intrinsic to the job, Type A behavior, logic, and organizational structure and climate were the main predictors of mental ill-health and physical ill-health in managers. Organizational structure and climate and relationships with other people were important predictors for workers. Management processes and organizational forces were the strongest predicting factors of job satisfaction in both samples. On certain OSI scales and subscales, managers scored statistically higher than workers. It is proposed that these results reflect the enormous economic and social changes currently taking place in China, together with certain features inherent in Chinese organizational and managerial processes.     

Sex differences in relational aggression in preschool children in Iran

The purpose of this study was to compare scores on a Relational Aggression Questionnaire for preschool boys and girls in Iran. The questionnaire was developed here, and its reliability and validity were assessed. Teachers' reports of relational aggression in 258 children ages 3 to 7 years was studied. Sex differences in relational aggression were not observed and was not significantly different across age groups.     

Evidence for sex differences in brain organization in recovery in aphasia

Ninety-one adult aphasics of both sexes were studied before and after a 3-month period of language therapy. Although no initial sex difference was found in severity of language disorders, females within the global aphasic group showed significantly greater improvement in three tests of language comprehension. It is suggested that more bilateral representation of language functions in the female brain may account for this greater improvement.     

Ethical Issues in Counselling in Education

It is suggested that there are two quite distinct Systems of ethics and practice in use by counsellors in education: the integrated model, which emphasises viewing the counsellor-institution relationship as theprimary ethical perspective; and the differentiated model, which emphasises the counsellor-client relationship as the starting point for an ethical understanding of the counsellor's role. The implications of these two perspectives for ethical issues relating to sources of referrai, issues of confidentiality, accountability for resources, the implications of role diffusion, and the outcomes of counselling, are examined. The ethical consequences of viewing the two Systems as reconcilable or incompatible are explored.