方兴未艾的斯里兰卡佛教

斯里兰卡是东南亚最重要的佛教国家之一,古称师子国,有67%的人信仰佛教。斯里兰卡是一个多宗教的国家,除佛教外,还有印度教、天主教、基督教和伊斯兰教,但佛教的影响最大,历史最悠久,信仰的人也最     

斯里兰卡的佛教概况

斯里兰卡,古称狮子国,是东南亚重要的佛教国家之一。现有人口一千五百多万,其中67％的人信仰佛教。斯里兰卡是一个多宗教的国家,除佛教外,还有印度教、天主教、基督教和伊斯兰教,但佛教的影响最大,历史最悠久,信仰的人也最多。在斯里兰卡,信仰佛教的人,主要是狮子族人。其他各民族信仰佛教的人为数极少。佛教文化是狮子族的民族文化。现将斯里兰卡的佛教概况介绍如下:     

国民党政府的宗教管理政策述略

在国民党政府所认可的佛教、道教、伊斯兰教、基督教、天主教几种宗教中,国民党政府对它们的管理政策是不同的。对佛教和道教实行的是同一套管理政策,对伊斯兰教是一套管理政策,对基督教、天主教又是另一套管理政策。总的说来,对佛教和道教,国民党政府的管理比较严格,管理范围也较广。对伊斯兰教和基督教、天主教,国民党政府的管理权很有限,对它们的管理主要是通过对该宗教团体的管理来实现的。     

天主教在俄罗斯——兼论《圣经》对俄语的影响

在俄罗斯,天主教是仅次于东正教,与伊斯兰教、佛教一样影响较大的宗教之一。天主教和东正教同为基督教的主要派别,它们在不同的历史环境中形成,在经典、教义、宗教仪式等方面有所差别,但是两教的经典《圣经》却在其流传过程中对俄语的发展产生了巨大的影响。     

伊斯兰教在德国

伊斯兰教在德国从恩霖德国是中欧大国，北临北海和波罗的海。面积３５６５６２平方公里。人口７７９８６０００万。首都波恩。居民多信奉基督教和天主教。其次是伊斯兰教，穆斯林人口为４００万，其中本国穆斯林５万多人。犹太教徒占少数，约５万人。伊斯兰教的传入德国与...     

正确理解和贯彻党的宗教信仰自由政策

我国的现代宗教,主要有佛教、道教、伊斯兰教、天主教和基督教。这些宗教在我国都有比较悠久的历史,为部分群众所信仰。有的宗教,如伊斯兰教和佛教中的喇嘛教、小乘佛教,过去曾经为一些兄弟民族全民族所信奉,因此,宗教问题又常常与民族问题相     

结合创建规范管理 促进宗教平安祥和

正石家庄市新华区位于市区西北部,佛教、道教、基督教、天主教、伊斯兰教五教俱全。自2017年石家庄市民宗局提出在全市宗教活动场所开展"双创"(即"和谐寺观教堂创建"和"和谐寺观教堂创建指导员")活动以来,新华区民宗局结合工作实际,在辖区宗教活动场所开展了"学习进步型""管理规范型""文化特色型""平安稳定型     

做朋友与做贡献

自改革开放以后,我国的宗教已经发生了巨大的变化,传统的佛教、道教、基督教、天主教和伊斯兰教都有了明显的改观。思想的解放也刺激     

伊斯兰教在印尼的历史与现状

印度尼西亚(简称印尼)是世界上最大的穆斯林国家。印尼目前人口一亿七千五百多万,其中大多数居民信奉伊斯兰教。据1980年全国人口普查(不包括大伊里安和东帝汉),在当时一亿四千七百多万人口中,仰信伊斯兰教的占88.1％,信基督教(新教)的占5.3％,信天主教的占2.51％。     

明清之际的伊斯兰教与基督教

明清之际,以天主教为代表的基督教第三次入华,由于伊斯兰教与基督教长期对立的历史背景,再次入华的基督教与中国伊斯兰教的关系颇为复杂,这既表现于基督教对中国伊斯兰教的敌视,也表现于二者在统治机构中的权利争夺,这些对中国伊斯兰教的发展均产生了重要影响。     

Conflicts of interest in science in Armenia

The author describes problems facing Armenia in reorganization of the structure of science in the post-socialist era with the aim of utilizing limited state resources more efficiently by reducing the number of separate scientific institutes, concentrating on essential core subjects required by the nation and encouraging all other projects to compete in the international arena for grant sponsorship. An earlier version of this paper was presented at an International Conference on “Conflict of Interest and its Significance in Science and Medicine” held in Warsaw, Poland on 5–6 April, 2002.     

PTSD在中国的研究进展

PTSD是近十年来在中国精神病学界逐渐引起重视的一种反应性精神障碍。随着国外对PTSD的深入研究以及中国心理卫生事业的发展,相关领域的学者开始从事这一方面的研究并取得了不少成就。文章对中国PTSD的流行病学、神经生物学基础、病因学以及诊断和治疗等各个方面的研究作了初步总结和探讨。     

工程中利益冲突问题研究

首先在详细分析工程中利益冲突已有定义的基础上,本文从不同角度提出了一种不同的定义。然后,分析了利益冲突的构成,并列举了利益冲突的情形。接着,分析了利益冲突的伦理问题,并提出解决方法。最后介绍了美国工程社团以及大型企业有关利益冲突的伦理章程和行为规范。     

Visual impressions of penetration in the perception of objects in motion

Observers viewed visual stimuli in which one object moved to a position of partial occlusion by another. The objects were presented as two-dimensional profiles moving in an undefined space, so the partial occlusion supports several different physical interpretations. In fact some stimuli reliably gave rise to a perceptual impression that the moving object penetrated or pierced the stationary one. This kind of interaction impression has not previously been reported. The impression was maximized by rapid deceleration to a halt with minimal occlusion. If the object decelerated more slowly, so that it was completely occluded or projected from the far side of the stationary object, it was perceived as moving behind the stationary object. The shape of the moving object and its speed prior to occlusion had significant but small effects.     

A review of methods in the study of attention in autism

Atypical attention, while not a diagnostic feature, is common in individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). The study of these atypicalities has recently gained in both quantity and quality, due in part to an increased focus on attentional atypicalities as one of the earliest signs of ASD in infancy. A range of attentional processes and components have been investigated, and the methods used are varied, from Posner-type paradigms, to the more recent use of eye-movement recording and change-detection techniques. This methodological complexity is one factor in the production of conflicting evidence on the topic of attention in ASD. This review uses a focus on methodology to clarify the literature to date and provide a resource for researchers wishing to study attention in ASD. Other factors that have contributed to the current discrepancies in findings are discussed, particularly the role of individual and group differences within the population of people with ASD.     

Components of aggression in chickens and conceptualizations of aggression in general

A refined analysis of the peck order in chickens was offered as a test of the notion that for this species, different responses such as leaping and various types of pecking need not be interchangeable indexes of aggression. Indeed, tests showed that particular response types of the birds were differentially mediated by organismic or environmental factors. In large cages pecking at the body was most frequent by birds that had a home-cage advantage. Contrarily, rates of aggressive leaping were independent of this environmental influence, with males having an advantage over females. Males showed more head pecking than females, but the profile for this sex difference did not resemble the profile for leaping. Correlational analyses revealed that whereas head pecking between testmates was not matched in frequency, leaping was positively related. Finally, the behavior of birds tested in small cages differed from that of the large-cage subjects. Although there was more head pecking in the small cages, males did not have an edge, and leaping was infrequent. Such results indicate that these responses cannot be viewed as interchangeable indicators of aggression in fowl.