椎体成形术和球囊扩张椎体后凸成形术治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折的对比研究

为对比分析椎体成形术(PVP)与球囊扩张椎体后凸成形术(PKP)治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折的临床疗效.共治疗患者45例.PVP25例,PKP20例.所有患者术后疼痛均明显减轻或消失,PVP组与PKP组两组相比,术后的伤椎及相邻椎间隙高度、脊柱后凸Cobb角及ODI评分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).PKP能够更好的恢复骨折椎体的高度,矫正脊柱后凸畸形,改善脊柱功能,明显减少骨水泥渗漏,临床效果较PVP更为满意.     

SKy椎体后凸成形术治疗骨质疏松胸腰椎压缩性骨折

为了探讨SKy椎体后凸成形术（SKy-PKP）治疗骨质疏松胸腰椎压缩性骨折的临床疗效,应用SKy椎体后凸成形术治疗骨质疏松胸腰椎椎体压缩性骨折。手术全部采用经皮椎弓根入路。SKy骨扩张后,形成一个空腔。注入骨水泥。观察患者的临床症状、椎体高度及脊柱后凸畸形的改善情况。结果显示,患者术后1-3d均可下床活动,患者腰背部疼痛明显减轻或消失,术后VAS评分降至1.5分,Cobb角平均18°,椎体中线高度丢失为6.3mm,随访3-12个月,患者对疗效满意,无椎体的高度丢失。提示SKy椎体后凸成形术是治疗骨质疏松腰椎压缩性骨折的一种有效治疗方法。关键词：脊柱骨折,胸椎,腰椎,经皮椎体后凸成形术     

SKy椎体后凸成形术治疗骨质疏松胸腰椎压缩性骨折

为了探讨SKy椎体后凸成形术（SKy-PKP）治疗骨质疏松胸腰椎压缩性骨折的临床疗效,应用SKy椎体后凸成形术治疗骨质疏松胸腰椎椎体压缩性骨折。手术全部采用经皮椎弓根入路。SKy骨扩张后,形成一个空腔。注入骨水泥。观察患者的临床症状、椎体高度及脊柱后凸畸形的改善情况。结果显示,患者术后1-3d均可下床活动,患者腰背部疼痛明显减轻或消失,术后VAS评分降至1.5分,Cobb角平均18&#176;,椎体中线高度丢失为6.3mm,随访3-12个月,患者对疗效满意,无椎体的高度丢失。提示SKy椎体后凸成形术是治疗骨质疏松腰椎压缩性骨折的一种有效治疗方法。关键词：脊柱骨折,胸椎,腰椎,经皮椎体后凸成形术     

SKy椎体后凸成形术治疗骨质疏松胸腰椎压缩性骨折

为了探讨SKy椎体后凸成形术(SKy-PKP)治疗骨质疏松胸腰椎压缩性骨折的临床疗效,应用SKy椎体后凸成形术治疗骨质疏松胸腰椎椎体压缩性骨折.手术全部采用经皮椎弓根入路.SKy骨扩张后,形成一个空腔.注入骨水泥.观察患者的临床症状、椎体高度及脊柱后凸畸形的改善情况.结果显示,患者术后1～3 d均可下床活动,患者腰背部疼痛明显减轻或消失,术后VAS评分降至1.5分,Cobb角平均18°,椎体中线高度丢失为6.3 mm.随访3～12个月,患者对疗效满意,无椎体的高度丢失.提示SKy椎体后凸成形术是治疗骨质疏松腰椎压缩性骨折的一种有效治疗方法.     

两种术式治疗老年椎体骨质疏松性压缩骨折的循证思考

椎体成形术(PVP)与球囊扩张椎体后凸成形术(PKP)是目前临床上常用的治疗老年椎体骨质疏松性压缩骨折有效方法。针对两者的优缺点,利用比较治疗学相关原理和方法,从其生物力学、适应证、疗效、并发症及费用等方面进行比较,以获得启示,为临床实践提供指导。     

两种术式治疗老年椎体骨质疏松性压缩骨折的循证思考

椎体成形术(PVP)与球囊扩张椎体后凸成形术(PKP)是目前临床上常用的治疗老年椎体骨质疏松性压缩骨折有效方法.针对两者的优缺点,利用比较治疗学相关原理和方法,从其生物力学、适应证、疗效、并发症及费用等方面进行比较.以获得启示,为临床实践提供指导.     

椎体后凸成形术治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折的随访分析

对我院应用椎体后凸成形术治疗的65例骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折患者进行平均长达2年的随访,对随访结果进行综合分析,以初步探讨椎体后凸成形术治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折的长期疗效及安全性。结果显示随访期间疗效得到很好的维持和肯定。因此认为椎体后凸成形术的长期疗效满意,安全性好,可作为骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折的临床干预措施继续进一步的推广和应用。     

腔内成形术治疗下肢动脉硬化闭塞症的技巧及临床观察

评价腔内成形术（PTA及PTAS）治疗下肢动脉硬化闭塞症的技巧和临床观察。2010年10月至2013年10月,对37例下肢动脉硬化闭塞症血管多段病变患者采用经皮血管腔内成形术和经皮血管腔内成形＋支架植入术治疗。结果36（97％）例手术成功,术后肢体缺血症状完全消失或明显改善,38条患肢皮温明显升高,间歇性跛行消失或距离延长,静息痛好转。术后踝／肱指数（ABI）（0．83±0．12）与术前（0．35±0．07）比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。合理的腔内成形术（PTA＋PTAS）是治疗下肢动脉硬化闭塞症安全有效的方法。熟练掌握腔内成形术是提高手术成功率和维持通畅率的关键。     

后路椎弓根内固定治疗胸腰段骨折不同植骨方法临床疗效比较

为了比较后路椎弓根螺钉复位内固定治疗胸腰段骨折不同植骨方法的临床疗效,2002年1月-2006年9月,经后路椎弓根螺钉复位内固定手术治疗胸腰段骨折140例。比较分析各组伤椎高度矫正丢失,脊柱后凸成角矫正丢失,脊髓神经功能恢复,内固定失效及腰背疼痛并发症情况。结果显示,伤椎前、后缘高度比值和脊柱后凸成角术前4组差异不具有显著性意义,椎弓根螺钉复位内固定结合不同植骨融合方法,可以减少单纯内固定矫正丢失和内固定失效及腰背疼痛并发症。经椎弓根椎体内植骨可增加前中柱的稳定性,临床治疗优于脊柱后方植骨融合。     

后路椎弓根内固定治疗胸腰段骨折不同植骨方法临床疗效比较

为了比较后路椎弓根螺钉复位内固定治疗胸腰段骨折不同植骨方法的临床疗效,2002年1月-2006年9月,经后路椎弓根螺钉复位内固定手术治疗胸腰段骨折140例.比较分析各组伤椎高度矫正丢失,脊柱后凸成角矫正丢失,脊髓神经功能恢复,内固定失效及腰背疼痛并发症情况.结果显示,伤椎前、后缘高度比值和脊柱后凸成角术前4组差异不具有显著性意义,椎弓根螺钉复位内固定结合不同植骨融合方法,可以减少单纯内固定矫正丢失和内固定失效及腰背疼痛并发症.经椎弓根椎体内植骨可增加前中柱的稳定性,临床治疗优于脊柱后方植骨融合.     

骨质疏松症对腰椎形态及其大体活动范围的影响

了解不同程度骨质疏松患者椎骨、椎间盘形态及腰椎矢状面大体活动度。选取34位在我院查体的老年人,并按骨密度值分组(9正常,11骨量缺少,14骨质疏松症),拍摄腰椎侧位片及磁共振图像,并测量活动度。骨质疏松组与其他两组相比,腰椎椎体前部高度增加,骨质疏松与椎间盘中部膨胀和相应椎体的塌陷有关,而与椎间盘性质无关,其腰椎大体活动范围无明显变化。骨质疏松不仅影响骨矿含量,也影响骨周围软组织,且与椎体终板变化继发椎间盘膨胀相关。     

绿激光汽化术和电切术治疗浅表性膀胱癌的比较

探讨经尿道选择性绿激光汽化术（PVP）治疗浅表性膀胱癌（STCC）的优点。2007年到2008年间,对病理学检查证实为浅表性膀胱癌的93例患者,采用单盲方法,分别采用经尿道电切术（TURBT）和选择性绿激光术治疗。并对术中出血、手术时间、肿瘤复发情况、膀胱穿孔例数等进行比较。结果两种手术方法手术时间、治愈率无统计学差异...     

两种术式治疗腰椎管狭窄症的疗效分析

探讨后路椎弓根螺钉系统固定、Cage加自体骨椎间融合(PLIF)与传统术式(开窗减压、半椎板切除、全椎板截骨回植)治疗腰椎管狭窄症的疗效差异。2006年6月～2008年8月,对85例腰椎管狭窄症患者行传统术式减压(A组38例)、PLIF治疗(B组47例)。术后随访16个月～43个月,平均23个月。采用JOA评分评估疗效并行统计学分析。结果A组有效率78.94%,B组有效率95.74%。A组与B组比较,B组疗效优于A组,差异有统计学意义。因此,后路椎弓根螺钉系统固定、Cage加自体骨椎间融合治疗腰椎管狭窄症的疗效优于传统术式。     

不同植骨方式应用于退行性腰椎滑脱症后路手术的疗效分析

为了比较后路椎阎植骨融合（posterior lumber interbody fusion,PLIF）、后外侧植骨融合（posterolateral lumbar fusion,PLF）及二者联合运用（PLIF＋PLF）在退行性腰椎滑脱症后路手术中的疗效,对59例退行性腰椎滑脱症患者根据手术中植骨方式分为三组,回顾三组患者的临床资料,比较三种植骨融合方式手术时间、术中出血量、椎间隙高度、滑脱角、植骨融合率以及JOA评分改善率。结果显示：B组（PLF）的植骨融合率低于A组（PLIF）及C组（PLIF＋PLF）。在椎间隙高度维持、滑脱角丢失等方面A组优于B组（P〈0．05）,并且与C组无差异（P〉0．05）。在手术时间及术中出血量方面A组优于C组（P〈0．05）,并且与B组无差异（P〉0．05）。JOA评分改善率比较,三组间无显著性差异（P〉O0．05）。因此,得出结论：PLIF和PLF均是退行性腰椎滑脱症后路手术中的有效融合方式;PLIF及PLIF＋PLF的融合率优于PLF;综合分析PLIF应用于退行性腰椎滑脱症后路手术中优于PLF及PLIF＋PLF。     

颈椎单间隙融合后椎间高度的改变对邻近节段退变的影响

本文探讨颈前路单间隙融合术后该节段的椎间高度改变对相邻节段椎间盘退变所产生的不同影响。将颈前路单节段融合术后的患者78例按融合高度的不同分为三组,通过测量上位节段的椎间高度、活动度及椎体间滑移进行比较,结果显示融合后的椎间高度达到正常水平时的退变较慢,增大或减小均会加速邻近椎间盘的退变。     

切除还是修复--椎间盘疾病治疗的历史回顾与理性思考

椎间盘退变性疾病是临床常见病、多发病,椎间盘切除是常施外科治疗.然而事实表明,未经修复的椎间盘病变常引起继发病变如脊柱不稳、椎管狭窄等.近年来国内外开展椎间盘修复的临床与相关基础研究,以期改进椎间盘伤病的疗效.修复而非简单切除将是椎间盘疾病治疗的发展趋势.     

人工腰椎间盘置换预示了腰椎融合的终结？

腰椎间盘退变性疾患的治疗方法主要是病变椎间盘的单纯切除和腰椎融合。而人工腰椎间盘置换的出现预示了脊柱外科一个新的时代的到来。简要介绍SB charité人工腰椎间盘置换技术,并分析了其早期的临床效果及可能出现的一些并发症,总结了目前人工腰椎间盘的应用所遇到的一些问题。客观的评价人工腰椎间置换技术,为临床实践和进一步研究提供依据。     

Patients’ and Parents’ Perceptions of Appearance in Scoliosis Treated with a Brace: A Cross-Sectional Analysis

The perspective of trunk deformity is a matter of special concern for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) patients. No research group has ever reported interviewing patients and their parents regarding differences in perception of body appearance in the course of Cheneau brace treatment. We aimed to investigate the level of agreement in the field of concerns and perceptions of spinal appearance in relation to brace- and scoliosis-related data between parents and female patients with AIS, treated with a Cheneau brace, by means of the Spinal Appearance Questionnaire-pl (SAQ-pl). In this cross-sectional study forty-one pairs of parents and female patients with AIS were asked to separately complete the Polish versions of the Spinal Appearance Questionnaire-pl patient form (SAQ-pl patient form) and the SAQ-pl parent form. Age of patients was 13.60 years SD 1.60 (range 10–17). Patients scored 2.70 (SD 0.60) and parents scored 2.70 SD 0.60 in the total score of the SAQ-pl. The study groups do not differ significantly in regards to the SAQ-pl results. The percentage of consistent answers on SAQ-pl items ranges from 34.10 % (item 20) to 78 % (item 8). Height, age and brace-wearing time per day, were significantly related to the differences in the patient-parent General perception of body shape (r _s  = ?0.51, r _s  = ?0.34, r _s  = 0.36, respectively). Parents and female patients with AIS have similar concerns and perceptions of spinal appearance. The discrepancies in General perception of spinal appearance between parents and AIS females decrease with age of patient. Parental emotional support may contribute to minimizing the risk factors of psychological impairment, especially in late adolescents with AIS.     

Reference values and functional descriptions of transverse plane spinal dynamics during gait based on surface topography

Spinal dynamics during gait have been of interest in research for many decades. Based on respective previous investigations, the pelvis is generally expected to be maximally forward rotated on the side of the reference leg at the beginning of each gait cycle and to reach its maximum counterrotation approximately at the end of the reference leg’s stance phase. The pelvic–upper-thoracic-spine coordination converges towards an anti-phase movement pattern in high velocities during ambulation. The vertebral bodies around the seventh thoracic vertebra are considered to be an area of transition during human ambulation where no or at least little rotary motion can be observed. The respective cranial and caudal vertebrae meanwhile are expected to rotate conversely around this spinal point of intersection. However, these previous assumptions are based on scarce existing research, whereby only isolated vertebrae have been analyzed contemporaneously. Due to huge methodological differences in data capturing approaches, the results are additionally hardly comparable to each other and involved measurement procedures are often not implementable in clinical routines. Furthermore, none of the above-mentioned methods provided reference data for spinal motion during gait based on an appropriate number of healthy participants. Hence, the aim of this study was to present such reference data for spinal rotary motion of every vertebral body from C7 down to L4 and the pelvis derived from surface topographic back shape analyses in a cohort of 201 healthy participants walking on a treadmill at a given walking speed of 5 km/h. Additionally, the spine‘s functional movement behavior during gait should be described in the transverse plane based on data derived from this noninvasive, clinically suitable measurement approach and, in conclusion, the results shall be compared against those of previous research findings derived from other measurement techniques. Contrary to the previous functional understanding, the area of the mid-thoracic spine was found to demonstrate the largest amplitude of rotary motion of all investigated vertebrae and revealed an approximately counterrotated movement behavior compared to the rotary motion of the pelvis. In both directions, spinal rotation during gait seemed to be initiated by the pelvis. The overlying vertebrae followed in succession in the sense of an ongoing movement. Therefore, the point of intersection was not statically located in a specific anatomical section of the spine. Instead, it was found to be dynamic, ascending from one vertebra to the next from caudal to cranial in dependence of the pelvis’s rotation initiation.