乳晕月牙状切口与传统切口手术治疗男性乳房发育症的比较研究

探讨乳晕月牙状切口切除男性乳房发育症的手术方法及美容效果。回顾性分析5年来在局麻或全麻下,分别采用乳晕月牙状切口（46例）和传统沿乳晕弧形切口或放射状切口（32例）保留乳头乳晕手术治疗男性乳腺发育症,比较两种术式的手术时间、术中出血量、切口隐蔽程度、患者满意度及住院费用等临床资料的差异。乳晕月牙状切口潜行切除增生的乳腺...     

胸中段食管癌右胸单一切口术式的临床应用

探讨食管癌右胸单一切口术式的临床应用价值.分析经右胸单一切口的25例患者与同期行右胸及上腹两切口的25例患者的对照研究.比较两组病例的手术时间、失血量、淋巴结清扫数量、并发症的发生率以及生存情况.两组手术在失血量、淋巴结清扫个数及并发症方面比较无显著差异(P＞0.05).右胸单一切口术式可达到与右胸及上腹两切口术式同样的手术效果.     

甲状腺结节治疗的新方法——内镜切除术

内镜甲状腺切除术是利用内镜手术图像放大和远距离操作的特点使手术切口微小化并隐藏起来的一种内镜手术,可以达到颈部无手术瘢痕的美观效果,是治疗甲状腺结节的一种新方法.选择合理的手术术式,遵循手术的适应证和禁忌证,严格把握患者的准入原则,可以使内镜甲状腺手术成为一种安全、理想的手术方法,具有不可替代的免美容破坏效果和远期舒适性.     

两种术式治疗腰椎管狭窄症的疗效分析

探讨后路椎弓根螺钉系统固定、Cage加自体骨椎问融合(PLIF)与传统术式(开窗减压、半椎板切除、全椎板截骨回植)治疗腰椎管狭窄症的疗效差异.2006年6月～2008年8月,对85例腰椎管狭窄症患者行传统术式减压(A组38例)、PLIF治疗(B组47例).术后随访16个月～43个月,平均23个月.采用JOA评分评估疗效并行统计学分析.结果A组有效率78.94%,B组有效率95.74%.A组与B组比较,B组疗效优于A组,差异有统计学意义.因此,后路椎弓根螺钉系统固定、Cage加自体骨椎间融合治疗腰椎管狭窄症的疗效优于传统术式.     

分化型甲状腺癌甲状腺的切除范围

对于分化型甲状腺癌的甲状腺切除方式目前学术界公认的仅有4种术式,腺叶+峡部切除是治疗分化型甲状腺癌的最小术式,国外指南推荐全甲状腺或近全甲状腺切除作为治疗分化型甲状腺癌的主要术式,而患侧腺叶+峡部+对侧腺叶次全切除或部分切除为国内更多学者接受.4种手术各有利弊及适应范围.临床实践中应根据具体情况合理选择手术方式.     

整形外科技术在早期乳腺癌保乳手术中的临床应用

探讨整形外科技术在早期乳腺癌保乳手术中的临床应用。选取2011年6月~2013年6月应用整形外科技术施行早期乳腺癌保乳手术的29例患者,其临床资料通过回顾性分析得出,针对术后患者的乳房整形效果进行剖析,同时对肿瘤复发率进行随访。29例患者均成功应用整形外科技术完成早期乳腺癌保乳手术,术后乳房整形效果优良满意度为75.9%(22/29)。术后乳房整形效果满意度与年龄、肿瘤大小、肿瘤位置与乳头距离有相关性,其差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。跟踪随访结果无一例复发或再次手术。早期乳腺癌患者可联合应用整形外科技术实施保乳手术治疗,其术后乳房整形效果满意度较高,此术式安全有效,在限定条件下值得临床推广应用。     

论胰腺癌手术的术式选择

胰腺癌是一种高度恶性的腹部肿瘤.胰腺癌切除手术是一种高风险手术,如果病例选择或处理不当会造成严重后果.从哲学的高度更新指导思想和方法,对胰腺癌术式的合理选择以及提高胰腺癌治疗效果大有裨益.     

甲状腺结节治疗的新方法——内镜切除术

内镜甲状腺切除术是利用内镜手术图像放大和远距离操作的特点使手术切口微小化并隐藏起来的一种内镜手术,可以达到颈部无手术瘢痕的美观效果,是治疗甲状腺结节的一种新方法。选择合理的手术术式,遵循手术的适应证和禁忌证,严格把握患者的准入原则,可以使内镜甲状腺手术成为一种安全、理想的手术方法,具有不可替代的免美容破坏效果和远期舒适性。     

31例眼睑恶性肿瘤切除后Ⅰ期修复的总结

眼睑恶性肿瘤切除术后,眼睑修复时机的选择,对保持眼睑功能和美容的效果起着十分重要的作用,术式的选择是决定手术成功关键.采用眼睑全层缺损行异体巩膜片移植,替代睑板、滑行球结膜瓣前徙替代睑结膜的眼睑再造术,对31例眼睑恶性肿瘤切除,同时进行眼睑再造术.术后无排斥反应,眼睑闭合良好,外形满意.结论认为,较大范围的眼睑恶性肿瘤切除的患者,采用异体巩膜片移植、滑行结膜瓣前徙眼睑再造术能达到保持眼睑功能和美容的效果,是理想的眼睑恶性肿瘤切除后Ⅰ期修复临床决策.     

经脐单孔免气腹腹腔镜阑尾切除术

总结经脐单孔免气腹腹腔镜行阑尾切除术的优势。对40例阑尾炎患者行经脐单孔免气腹腹腔镜阑尾切除术。结果手术均获成功,无中转开腹,所有手术患者均痊愈出院,无手术并发症及死亡。经脐单孔免气腹腹腔镜阑尾切除术能扩大腹腔镜阑尾切除术适应证,增加了手术的安全性。而且其良好的美容效果是传统腔镜手术不具备的。     

结直肠癌患者术后寻求中医药治疗的质性研究

为了解结直肠癌术后患者寻求中医药治疗的目的、体验、信念.采用目的抽样的办法,选取18位结直肠癌术后患者进行个人深入访谈.发现结直肠癌术后的患者,选择中医药治疗的目的主要有以下几个方面：减轻放、化疗的不良反应,使身体尽快恢复,提高生活质量,防止复发转移等.随着治疗的进行,患者对中医的认识逐步提高.中医药的疗效主要体现在各种症状及客观指标的改善上,近期良好的治疗体验使患者对实现远期目标更具信心.     

颈部横切口外翻式颈动脉内膜切除术治疗颈动脉狭窄

讨论采用颈部横切口,实施外翻式颈动脉内膜切除术在治疗颈动脉粥样硬化性狭窄性疾病中的疗效.总结2009年4月1日到2009年10月20日共10例患者临床资料,分析术前术后的影像学资料和临床症状的比较.手术均获成功,患者术后临床症状均改善,术后影像学资料显示狭窄部位均获得完全改善.术后3个月,切口处皮肤基本没有麻木感.外翻式颈动脉内膜切除术在治疗颈动脉狭窄中,具有手术时间短、术后再狭窄率低、增厚内膜及斑块剥离彻底等优点,应用改进的颈部横切口,切口沿皮肤自然皱纹,并采用皮内缝合方法,术后不用拆线,既达到美观效果,又可以明显缩短患者住院时间.     

颈部横切口外翻式颈动脉内膜切除术治疗颈动脉狭窄

讨论采用颈部横切口,实施外翻式颈动脉内膜切除术在治疗颈动脉粥样硬化性狭窄性疾病中的疗效。总结2009年4月1日到2009年10月20日共10例患者临床资料,分析术前术后的影像学资料和临床症状的比较。手术均获成功,患者术后临床症状均改善,术后影像学资料显示狭窄部位均获得完全改善。术后3个月,切口处皮肤基本没有麻木感。外翻式颈动脉内膜切除术在治疗颈动脉狭窄中,具有手术时间短、术后再狭窄率低、增厚内膜及斑块剥离彻底等优点,应用改进的颈部横切口,切口沿皮肤自然皱纹,并采用皮内缝合方法,术后不用拆线,既达到美观效果,又可以明显缩短患者住院时间。     

Omnipotence in the transference and in the countertransference

The concept of omnipotence refers to a primitive fantasy, a mechanism of defense, and a pathological psychic structure. Omnipotence and its derivative defensive operation, omnipotent control, are highly prevalent in borderline personality organization. Three clinical vignettes illustrate these mechanisms in the treatment of patients with borderline, narcissistic, and obsessive personality disorders, respectively. These vignettes illustrate the transference developments when omnipotence and omnipotence control are dominant, and the therapeutic approach to these conditions.     

The patient in the family and the family in the patient

The notion that the family is “the unit of care” for family doctors has been enigmatic and controversial. Yet systems theory and the biopsychosocial model that results when it is imported into medicine make the family system an indispensable and important component of family medicine. The challenge, therefore, is to provide a coherent, plausible account of the role of the family in family practice. Through an extended case presentation and commentary, we elaborate two views of the family in family medicine — treating the patient in the family and treating the family in the patient — and defend both as appropriate foci for care by family doctors. The practical problem that arises when the family is introduced into health care is deciding when to concentrate on the family system. The moral problems that arise concern how extensively doctors may become involved in the personal lives of their patients and families. The patient-centered clinical method provides a strategy for handling both problems. Thus, making the family a focus of care in family medicine can be justified on theoretical, practical, and moral grounds.     

Information in the Universe and in the Organism

There is a branch of modern medicine that relies on information rather than on biochemical substances to maintain health and cure disease. Known as information medicine, it offers an important complement to the dominant biochemical approach of mainstream medicine. This note offers a few reflections on the potentials of information medicine in reference to what is currently known regarding the role of information in the universe, and in the living organism.     

Disequilibrium in the mind, disharmony in the body

Although it is generally acknowledged that experiences of frustration, confusion, and anxiety are embodied phenomena, very little is known about how these processes modulate presumably unconscious, but constantly present, subtle bodily movement. We addressed this problem by tracking the low-level dynamics of body movement, using 1/f noise, pink noise, or "fractal scaling", during naturalistic experiences of affect in two studies involving deep learning and effortful problem-solving. Our results indicate that body movement fluctuations of individuals experiencing cognitive equilibrium was characteristic of correlated pink noise, but there was a whitening of the signal when participants experienced states that are diagnostic of cognitive distress such as anxiety, confusion, and frustration. We orient our findings within theories that emphasise the embodied nature of cognition and affect and with perspectives that view affective and cognitive processes as emergent products of a self-organising dynamical system (the brain) that is inextricably coupled to the body.