光坪对同时性闪光信号辨认的影响

問題 如果在构成閃光的相互交替的亮与黑两个时相中,黑时相不是完全黑,而是亮度不同程度的变暗,人們照样能看出閃光。暗时相的光強可以低到零,这就是一般閃光;但其光強也可以象亮时相一样高,那就变成了固定灯光。我們把一切強度的暗时相統称为“光坪”或“坪”,而把亮吋相叫作“光峯”或“峯”。 关于光坪对閃光信号辨认的影响的問題,是有关业务部門提出来的。根据我們的現場調查,使用者对某些带光坪的閃光信号的試用反应良好。我們前一研究表明,在实驗給定条件下,不宜使用两个同时性閃光,作为类似該实驗所用編碼的信号;同时提出“不     

GUATEMALAN, FILIPINO, AND U.S. ADOLESCENTS'IMAGES OF WOMEN AS OFFICE WORKERS AND HOMEMAKERS

Although adolescents of different countries often draw pictures of the ideal woman cooking or working in an office, the meaning of the images may vary cross-culturally. In the present study, 88 adolescents from the Philippines, the U.S.A., and Guatemala interpreted drawings by their same-nationality peers. Interpreters from all three countries described the woman working in an office as hardworking and the woman cooking as a mother cooking for her family. In addition, Filipino adolescents wrote themes of contentment and organization, Guatemalan adolescents wrote themes of betterment, family, and hope, and U.S.A. adolescents wrote themes of contentment and niceness. Similar images of women's roles may have different meanings for adolescents of different cultures, and the use of emic approaches can provide psychological researchers with increased understanding of complex social phenomena.     

明尼苏达多相个性调查表在我国修订经过及使用评价

本文介绍了明尼苏达多相个性调查表在我国试用及修订的经过。此项工作分为四个阶段进行。一、将英文的M.M.P.I.译成中文(曾参考香港张妙清博士修订的中文版,未作大的改动),先在局部地区试用。二、根据试用中发现的问题,进行必要的修改。三、成立全国性的协作组,使用初步修订后的版本,在我国广大地区进行测查。四、重译、修订。 经过我们的试用,证明此调查表的信度、效度水平均较高,在我国具有一定使用价值,特别对精神病的临床诊断意义更大。应予注意的是在分析测验结果时,务必以本民族的常模为标准。由于各个民族的生活方式、民族传统文化及历史背景各不相同,因此必须根据我国民族的特点,尽快制订出具有我国特点的、简便易行的个性调查表。     

A REVIEW OF COCAINE ABUSE: BEHAVIOR,PHARMACOLOGY, AND CLINICAL APPLICATIONS,EDITED BY S. T. HIGGINS AND J. L. KATZ

This book comprises 17 chapters that deal with a variety of topics related to cocaine and its abuse. Several of the chapters are excellent, and the book in its totality contains a wealth of information. These are major strengths. On the down side, some important topics are ignored, the relevance of several chapters to cocaine abuse is not apparent, and the various chapters are not well integrated. We recommend Cocaine Abuse as a reference volume for scientists with specific training in the areas that it covers. But we do not recommend it for cover‐to‐cover reading as an overview of cocaine abuse.