N.哈特曼的价值柏拉图主义

N.哈特曼的价值柏拉图主义是由价值本质论、关系论、发现论、理想论、原则论等观点构成的一个完整的理论范式。如果说在柏拉图的理念论中概念与理念处于一种杂合不分的混沌状态,休谟、叔本华等不满于此状态而试图对其作出明晰的区分,那么这些观点显示哈特曼既欲明晰鸿沟又要弥合鸿沟的理论创意。立基于价值柏拉图主义和价值绝对主义,又摆向价值自然主义和价值相对主义,显示了哈特曼价值论乃至整个价值柏拉图主义的理论困境及摆脱困境的理论努力。     

Epistemological Challenges to Mathematical Platonism

Since Benacerraf’s “Mathematical Truth” a number of epistemological challenges have been launched against mathematical platonism. I first argue that these challenges fail because they unduely assimilate mathematics to empirical science. Then I develop an improved challenge which is immune to this criticism. Very roughly, what I demand is an account of how people’s mathematical beliefs are responsive to the truth of these beliefs. Finally I argue that if we employ a semantic truth-predicate rather than just a deflationary one, there surprisingly turns out to be logical space for a response to the improved challenge where no such space appeared to exist.     

Abolishing Platonism in Multiverse Theories

Axiomathes - A debated issue in the mathematical foundations in at least the last two decades is whether one can plausibly argue for the merits of treating undecidable questions of mathematics,...     

Arithmaetical Platonism: Reliability and Judgement-Dependence

Philosophical Studies -     

Prioritizing Harm

In this study, we examined if a self-report of trait spite, the Spitefulness Scale, retains the same associations with dark personality traits in individuals with severe mental illness. We also examine if reports on the Spitefulness Scale are correlated with observed spiteful behavior in a game developed to offer opportunities for spite. One hundred twenty individuals clinically diagnosed with psychotic spectrum disorders and receiving inpatient treatment at a state hospital participated in this study and completed measures of personality. The Spitefulness Scale retained its associations with measures of dark personality traits in individuals with psychosis. Spitefulness Scale scores were also related to a performance measure of spite and spite was evidenced by a significant proportion of participants across measures (20.8%–26.7%). These data suggest the presence of spite as it is understood in the general population in a significant subset of individuals with psychosis. Spite could be considered an independent personality trait and part of the family of dark personality traits.     

The Long Shadow of Semantic Platonism

Philosophia - The present article is the second part of a trilogy of papers, devoted to analysing the influence of semantic Platonism on contemporary philosophy of language. In Part I (Picazo...     

作为文本指向型哲学的中期柏拉图主义

和中期柏拉图主义相关的许多研究都是从学说角度展开的,这些研究假设了中期柏拉图主义的多样性,但却无法说明各种中期柏拉图主义学说为何会被统称为柏拉图主义。为了从一个统一的角度理解作为一个整体的中期柏拉图主义,本文假设古希腊哲学可以分为事实指向型和文本指向型两种形态,它们代表了做哲学的两种不同方式。中期柏拉图主义属于文本指向型哲学,以对柏拉图哲学对话的评注为做哲学的首要任务,因而这些评注活动强调柏拉图及其文本的权威地位。本文认为,我们应当在评注活动的语境中来理解柏拉图的权威,柏拉图的权威本质上是知识取向的,而非道德取向的。     

Overcoming Relativism? Levinas's Return to Platonism

Emmanuel Levinas's concept of "the face of the Other" involves an ethical mandate that is presumably transcultural or, in his terms, "precultural." His essay "Meaning and Sense" provides his most explicit defense of the idea that the face has a meaning that is not culturally relative, though it is always encountered within some particular culture. Levinas identifies his position there as a "return to Platonism." Through a careful reading of that essay, exploring Levinas's use of religious terminology and the (some-times implicit) relationships of the essay to the work of other phenomenologists and of Saussure, the author seeks to clarify (1) what Levinas retains and what he rejects in returning to Platonism "in a new way," (2) the sense in which this return constitutes an "overcoming" of relativism, and (3) the nature of the phenomenological warrant that he offers for his position.