肺移植术治疗终末期肺淋巴管平滑肌瘤病临床探讨

探讨肺移植治疗终末期肺淋巴管平滑肌瘤的手术适应证、手术方式和术后并发症。回顾性分析l例肺淋巴管平滑肌瘤终末期患者行右侧单肺移植术的临床资料。术后患者恢复良好,未出现支气管、肺动静脉吻合口并发症,肺功能明显改善,顺利出院。术后生存3年,死于对侧肺过度膨胀,移植肺感染。肺淋巴管平滑肌瘤终末期行肺移植术能明显改善肺功能,但单...     

肺癌肿瘤干细胞研究的科学方法论

肺癌肿瘤干细胞研究是肺癌与肿瘤干细胞学说交叉所形成的新研究领域,将根本改变临床肺癌防治的方式。反思从肿瘤干细胞学说的提出到肺癌肿瘤干细胞研究,树立自然辨证观念,用科学方法论指导肺癌肿瘤干细胞研究。     

血小板计数升高对肺癌诊断的临床参考价值

为了探讨血小板计数（blood platelet count,BPC）升高对肺癌诊断的临床参考价值,收集335例肺癌患者和157例肺部良性病变患者术前BPC和相应的,临床病理资料,应用SPSS统计软件分析BPC与肺癌临床病理的关系。结果显示,BPC在肺癌患者显著高于肺良性病变者;BPC在肿瘤直径较大（d〉3cm）的肺癌...     

肺癌早期综合诊疗思考

通过分析目前肺癌患者5年生存率徘徊在10%,这一现实问题,可以得到一些重要启示和思考。今后肺癌治疗发展方向将是完善个体化、多学科早期综合治疗模式;利用基因芯片技术开展肺癌早期诊断,对肺癌高危人群开展大规模普查;开展靶向性、高效低毒、抗耐药性的肺癌治疗药物研究,进行肺癌逆转的分子干预治疗和分子阻断治疗,要用早期综合地手段诊疗肺癌。     

体外循环所致炎性肺损伤机制及保护进展

肺损伤是体外循环心内直视手术的主要并发症之一。肺损伤的机制十分复杂,主要是全身炎性反应和缺血/再灌注损伤所致。肺保护的方法多种多样,其目的是降低全身炎性反应,减轻或避免缺血/再灌注损伤。本文探讨体外循环肺损伤的机制和保护进展。     

晚期非小细胞肺癌化疗的冷思考

晚期非小细胞肺癌提倡以化疗为主综合治疗,可以延长生存期,提高生存率。但目前化疗取得的疗效虽然较既往有提高,但提高生存期有限,且在药效经济学方面存在争议,缓解症状的作用也有限,联合靶向治疗的疗效也在观望中。临床肿瘤学工作者应正确认识,以循证医学为指导,开展规范化化疗,同时也注重个体化化疗,并期待晚期非小细胞肺癌化疗的新突破。     

高血压从肺论治机理探讨

通过分析肺在高血压现代医学病理机制及治疗中的地位,肺的中医生理特性与高血压的关系,中医脏腑相关性所提示的肺在高血压病机中的作用以及临床和药物应用例证等四个方面探讨了高血压从肺论治机理,为临床治疗提供思路和方法。     

Causal Attributions Predict Willingness to Support the Allocation of Funding to Lung Cancer Treatment Programs

Lung cancer patients may experience stigmatization as a result of the link between their disease and smoking, such as lack of public support for funding lung cancer treatment programs. This study examines whether causal attributions for the contraction of lung cancer predict the stigmatization of individuals with the disease by investigating willingness to support the allocation of funds to hypothetical lung cancer treatment programs. Participants were 766 undergraduate students. The findings indicate that participants who made causal attributions preferred to support the allocation of funding to programs that value the lives of breast cancer patients, rather than lung cancer patients. These findings have implications for understanding the influence of causal attributions on the stigmatization of lung cancer.     

住院放化疗肺癌患者生活质量影响因素分析

生活质量研究是近年来肿瘤治疗研究的热点之一。应用生存质量核心问卷（QLQ—C30）及卡氏功能量表,于治疗前、中、后进行问卷式调查,探讨60例经病理证实接受放、化疗的肺癌患者生活质量的影响因素,预测患者预后和远期生存状态,为住院放化疗肺癌的治疗方法提供一个较好的参考标准,对放化疗肺癌的治疗水平和改善生活质量起到了一定的推动作用。     

急性呼吸窘迫综合征肺泡塌陷与肺复张的意义

大量肺泡塌陷是急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS)病理生理改变的基础,可导致顽固性低氧血症、肺泡表面活性物质丢失、呼气气流受限、去复张性肺损伤、肺部感染和生物性肺损伤。积极的实施肺开放策略,实现塌陷肺泡的复张具有重要的临床意义。肺复张导致肺泡过度膨胀、循环干扰,以及肺泡难以复张因素的存在,使肺泡完全复张可能并不必要。在避免肺泡塌陷危害与肺复张的局限性之间寻求平衡,才能使肺复张确立其在ARDS治疗中的恰当地位。     

对肺癌TNM分期的思考

TNM分期系统是进行肿瘤诊断和治疗的“国际语言”。1997年新版的肺癌TNM分期标准作为指导肺癌诊断和治疗的重要参考指标,能在一定程度上反映肺癌的预后,但并没有完全反映肺癌的本质生物学行为。本文认为真正反映肺癌本质生物学行为的是肺癌的组织学类型及分化程度等指标,传统的TNM分期系统应当进一步完善。     

Pediatric Living Lung Donor Transplant Candidates: Psychiatric Status of Utilized and Non-Utilized Donors

Living donor lung (lobar) transplantation has greatly decreased in the past decade due to the success of the lung allocation score (LAS) system, instituted in 2005 by the Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network (OPTN). Between 1993 and 2006, 460 living lung donor transplants were performed in the United States with 369 donations occurring at the University of Southern California and Washington University in St. Louis. These two centers accounted for over 80% of all living donor lung transplants between 1994 and 2006. All potential donors received a psychological/psychiatric evaluation as part of the donor selection process, which is standard practice in the United States, Europe, and Asia. Utilized and non-utilized lung donors were compared in terms of their psychiatric history and present status. Results indicated that 31% (N?=?54) of the total sample had a lifetime prevalence of a psychiatric disorder, which is less than that the 46% lifetime rate for the general population (Kessler in Arch Gen Psychiatry 62:593–602, 2005). This study did find that psychiatric history or status was not exclusion factor for transplant surgery in either group. This observation about psychiatric issues in potential living lung donors should be useful to transplant centers who utilize adult live donors of any solid organ type for pediatric recipients and in Japan where live donor lung transplants still represent a significant proportion of lung transplants (Date in J Thorac Dis 8: S631–S636, 2016).

     

CD4＋CD25＋Foxp3＋调节性T细胞与肺癌的临床分期及化疗关系的研究

为了研究Treg与肺癌的临床分期及化疗的关系,分离52例初治肺癌患者化疗前后PBMC,以12例正常者为对照,荧光标记的单抗染色,流式细胞仪检测Treg占CD4＋T细胞的比值。结果显示肺癌患者该比值高于对照组,Ⅲ＋Ⅳ期的高于Ⅰ＋Ⅱ期。化疗疗效（SD＋PD）高于PR。因此,肺癌患者Treg比例较正常人升高,且分期越高该比值增加越明显;疗效差的该比值高于化疗有效病例。推测Treg升高与肺癌的发生、发展有关。     

Personality predictors of the time course for lung cancer onset

Numerous findings suggest that personality is linked to the incidence and experience of negative health outcomes. More specifically, trait negative affect is negatively related to a number of health outcomes. The current study expands our understanding of the link between personality and disease by examining the time course for lung cancer onset. In a sample of patients who had recently undergone surgical resection for lung cancer, a variety of negative affect related personality variables were assessed to determine their relationship with age at surgery. After controlling for smoking behavior, it was found that trait negative affect was associated with time course for lung cancer onset, such that those with higher (vs. lower) levels of trait negative affect manifested lung cancer earlier in their lives. Thus, trait negative affect represents an independent risk factor among those prone to lung cancer (i.e., smokers).     

肺癌外科治疗方法和观念的演变

人类采用外科方法治疗肺癌已有100余年的历史.肺癌的外科治疗从最初非解剖性的肿瘤烧灼切除,发展到了全肺切除以及肺叶、支气管袖式肺叶、支气管肺动脉袖式肺叶切除、气管隆突切除重建等多种术式.近来,体外循环和微创技术也被应用到了肺癌的外科治疗领域,使肺癌的外科治疗技术有了极大发展.肺癌外科治疗中有关规范化手术、淋巴结清扫以及外科在小细胞肺癌中的地位等观念也有了澄清和转变.在今天肺癌外科治疗方法的发展已几近极致,而肺癌的外科治疗水平又裹足不前的情况下,回顾肺癌外科治疗方法和观念的演变、探讨未来的发展就有较为重要的现实意义.     

NF-κB圈套寡脱氧核苷酸联合紫杉醇对肺癌细胞增殖凋亡的影响

探讨NF-κB圈套寡脱氧核苷酸(NF-κB decoy ODN)联合紫杉醇对肺癌细胞增殖凋亡的影响。培养人肺癌细胞A549:(1)脂质体瞬时转染细胞;(2)MTT试验观察细胞生长曲线;(3)流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡率。NF-κB decoyODN使细胞生长受到抑制,NF-κBdecoy ODN联合紫杉醇使细胞凋亡增加。NF-κB decoy ODN联合紫杉醇可增强对肺癌细胞增殖的抑制及凋亡的诱导。     

非小细胞肺癌外科治疗相关的前沿实践

临床技术更新、综合治疗方案的合理安排有望提升非小细胞肺癌诊治水平。实时超声内镜下针吸活检技术的应用使纵隔淋巴结活检安全、准确;针对早期肺癌手术前后实施化疗为肺癌治疗带来新机遇;临床实践观察到肺癌手术切除纵隔淋巴结及脂肪组织降低其复发;另外电视辅助胸腔镜的临床应用拓展了肺癌诊断、治疗领域。     

从医学整合的角度谈现代肺癌的防治

肺癌是严重影响群众健康的常见恶性肿瘤,当前肺癌防治工作中面临一系列由于分科过细、欠缺协作等导致的问题。加强肺癌防治领域中学科、技术、资源的整合,才能够有效应对越来越严峻的肺癌防治形势。建立以疾病为中心的肺癌整体防治模式,对于其他单一重大疾病的防治也有重要参考意义。     

非小细胞肺癌放疗时机和放疗方式的临床决策

放射治疗是非小细胞肺癌的主要治疗手段之一。大约有3／4的肺癌患者在疾病的不同时期需要做放射治疗。针对不同的患者可以选择根治性放疗、姑息性放疗、术前、术后、放化疗联合治疗等不同的治疗方式。从治疗技术上还可以选择适形、调强、立体定向放疗等。临床医生需要辨证地应用循证医学证据,针对不同的患者刺定合理的个体化治疗方案,以提高疗效。     

The relationship between pulmonary function and suicidal ideation in Korean adults: a nationwide survey

Controversy surrounds the association between lung function and mental health in the general population, and previous reported results were confounded by the effect of other chronic illnesses. This study aimed to investigate whether reduced lung function was related to mental health issues, taking into consideration the relevant potential confounders. We used data from the 2008–2013 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey to examine the relationship between lung function and three mental issues (recognized stress, depressive mood, and suicidal ideation) among 22,068 Korean adults. A multiple logistic regression with adjustment for potential covariates including chronic illnesses revealed that a .5-L decrement of forced vital capacity increased the risk for suicidal ideation in both genders, but there was no significant association with recognized stress or depressive mood. We found an inverse relationship between lung function and suicidal ideation in the Korean general population.