新型农村合作医疗制度评估——以江苏省海安县为例

阐述了新型农村合作医疗的基本制度规定,包括资金来源、办理程序、就诊规定、补偿办法、组织机构以及基金监督,并在制度的框架内对新型农村合作医疗进行了评析,通过对152名农民的问卷调查,了解农民对新型农村合作医疗的基本评价,对农民参与新型农村合作医疗的吸引和排斥因素进行分析。     

新型农村合作医疗制度评估——以江苏省海安县为例

阐述了新型农村合作医疗的基本制度规定,包括资金来源、办理程序、就诊规定、补偿办法、组织机构以及基金监督,并在制度的框架内对新型农村合作医疗进行了评析,通过对152名农民的问卷调查,了解农民对新型农村合作医疗的基本评价,对农民参与新型农村合作医疗的吸引和排斥因素进行分析.     

长沙市新型农村合作医疗现状与对策研究

新型农村合作医疗制度是我国农民的基本医疗保障制度,长沙市自2003开始试点,2006年全面推行,农民参合率达到84．6％,有效保障了农民能享有基本医疗卫生保健服务。通过对长沙2006年四县五区的新型农村合作医疗工作进行调查,分析了新型农村合作医疗存在的问题,提出了进一步改进的政策方案。     

浙江省新型农村合作医疗制度的实践与思考

浙江省农村合作医疗始于20世纪60年代,发展道路曲折,但对解决农民看病问题发挥过巨大的作用.浙江省新型农村合作医疗试点工作于2003年8月启动,新型农村合作医疗具有政府支持力度大、筹资机制较完善、突出大病统筹等与传统合作医疗不同的新特点.但也应该看到,新型农村合作医疗是一项复杂的社会系统工程,实践中会面临许多困难和问题.在建立此项制度的过程中,应加强宣传教育,转变观念,建立相关的法规和制度,完善筹资机制,配套抓好城乡医药卫生体制改革,以保证合作医疗制度的健康发展.     

农村医疗保障体制构建模式的选择——多层次农村医疗保障制度体系

目前农村医疗保障实行的新型农村合作医疗制度体系,很难保障农村居民的基本医疗卫生服务的需求。提出构建包括卫生防疫与基础保健功能的基础层,新型农村合作医疗制度的主体层,农村医疗救助制度的最低层,商业性医疗保险的补充层的多层次农村医疗保障制度体系,以有效解决农村居民对医疗卫生服务不同层次的需要。     

新型农村合作医疗制度补偿标准的区域差异化研究——基于江苏省海门市、安徽省金寨县、陕西省户县三地

新型农村合作医疗制度的补偿标准及受益情况是制度的核心所在,直接关系到参合农民的切身利益以及制度本身的发展完善。在东中西部三县新型农村合作医疗制度所设定的补偿标准中,东部海门市最为苛刻;但是在实际发生的受益情况中,东部海门市却又是最为优厚。可以看到,在制度设定的补偿标准与实际发生的受益情况之间出现了逆向发展的区域差异化现象。公共医疗卫生服务供给的非均衡、省际差异化的报销药物目录、区域差异化的筹资结构和财政补贴机制是造成这一特殊现象的重要原因。为此,必须增强中央政府财政转移支付能力,均衡配置医疗卫生资源,强化中西部地区基本公共卫生服务的供给能力,以促进参合农民更为公平地享受基本医疗卫生权益,推动新型农村合作医疗制度的进一步发展与医疗卫生体制改革的逐步深入。     

试论金州区新型农村合作医疗管理模式

建立和完善新型农村合作医疗制度是新时期农村卫生工作的重要内容.金州区在新型农村合作医疗管理中,探索出一条自己的模式.这种模式既有可资借鉴的地方,如管理与监督分离、多方参与、服务方便快捷等;也存在着不少问题,如群众对农村合作医疗仍存在认识上的误区、用药品种太少、报销比例太低;经办人员的编制等.建议政府制定政策要有持续性和稳定性,广泛宣传,提高参合农民健康意识;增加基本药物目录的范围,适当情况下,可采取二次救助;确定合适编制,建立一支稳定、高效的新型农村合作医疗管理队伍.     

新型农村合作医疗的受益公平性研究

2003年,我国开展了新型农村合作医疗制度(以下简称"新农合")试点工作.利用新农合试点县卫生服务调查资料,从卫生服务需要量、利用率、医疗费用以及从新农合得到的费用补偿等方面分析不同收入水平的参合农民的受益情况.结果显示,贫困农民卫生服务需要量大,卫生服务需求的未满足程度较高,从合作医疗中受益相对较少.认为不同经济状况的参合农民在卫生服务利用中存在不公平现象.     

农村合作医疗：范式及其重构

从范式角度重点分析了我国肇始于20世纪80年代末的市场化合作医疗改革归于失败的深层次原因,并在此基础上研究了创建新型农村合作医疗制度的原因、意义与特点,提出了符合社会主义新农村建设要求的农村合作医疗范式重构的若干对策建议。     

试论金州区新型农村合作医疗管理模式

建立和完善新型农村合作医疗制度是新时期农村卫生工作的重要内容。金州区在新型农村合作医疗管理中,探索出一条自己的模式。这种模式既有可资借鉴的地方,如管理与监督分离、多方参与、服务方便快捷等;也存在着不少问题,如群众对农村合作医疗仍存在认识上的误区、用药品种太少、报销比例太低;经办人员的编制等。建议政府制定政策要有持续性和稳定性,广泛宣传,提高参合农民健康意识;增加基本药物目录的范围,适当情况下,可采取二次救助;确定合适编制,建立一支稳定、高效的新型农村合作医疗管理队伍。     

忠诚还是叛逆?中国组织情境下的员工越轨创新行为

越轨创新行为是破除创新瓶颈, 摆脱“创新者的窘境”的有效手段, 是新时代创新的重要途径。目的的合理性和行为的偏离性, 使越轨创新行为同时具有了“忠诚”和“叛逆”的色彩。以越轨创新究竟是“忠诚”还是“叛逆”这一问题作为切入点, 分别从越轨创新行为的测量、形成机制和影响效能角度构建了一个围绕越轨创新行为的系统性研究。子研究1：基于创新过程视角, 探讨中国组织情境下越轨创新行为的结构维度, 开发本土化量表。子研究2：分别从个体、领导和组织三个层次、动态探讨越轨创新行为的形成机制。子研究3：基于事件系统理论, 从越轨创新成功/失败两方面, 构建和验证越轨创新行为对组织效能的影响机制。三个子研究相互联系并逐步递进。理论贡献在于深化学术界对越轨创新行为的理解, 推动越轨创新理论的构建, 并且拓展越轨理论、创新理论、积极组织行为学理论及事件系统理论的应用。     

高质量中国特色社会心理服务体系建设要贯彻好“六个必须坚持”

建设高质量中国特色社会心理服务体系,既是助力实现“健康中国”的重要路径,也是推进新时代创新社会治理与治理能力现代化的重要举措与手段。党的二十大报告提出的“六个必须坚持”既为建设高质量中国特色社会心理服务体系工作指明了方向,又从方法论的高度深刻阐述了推进理论创新的科学方法和正确路径。本文论述了如何通过贯彻落实“六个必须坚持”开展高质量中国特色社会心理服务体系建设。     

Microcomputer Technology and Related Services

Innovations in microcomputer technology in the area of related services (e.g., communication therapy, counseling, occupational and physical therapy) are appearing in ever-increasing numbers. This paper describes several of these innovations and attempts to analyze their potential contribution in helping the handicapped to function more independently. The innovations are discussed according to a cost/benefit appraoch. Costs associated with these innovations include those for conducting studies to determine the efficacy of the innovation; purchasing new or modified hardware (microprocessors, peripheral devices) and software; training personnel to modify software for unique needs and to instruct potential clients on the uses of the innovations; and devoting storage space for hardware and software as well as providing for their maintenance. Potential benefits include the number of handicapped individuals to be served; number of functions and tasks to be performed and the efficienct in performing them; and the perceived degree of independence to be achieved by students and clients.     

Contributions from the sociology of technology to the study of innovation systems

Literature in the area of innovation systems (IS) has been growing in importance and the IS approach has become well established. It is widely used in North America, Western Europe and Scandinavia, both in academic contexts and also as a framework or tool for policymaking. This paper examines work by sociologists, historians and others who have attempted to provide new insights into the nature of technology, in order to determine how the new sociology of technology literature—particularly social construction of technology methodologies—can contribute to, and unpack the study of innovation system.     

Risk assessment of knowledge fusion in an innovation ecosystem based on a GA-BP neural network

The risk assessment of knowledge fusion in innovation ecosystems is directly related to these ecosystems’ success or failure. A back-propagation (BP) neural network optimized by a genetic algorithm (GA) is thus proposed to evaluate the risk of knowledge fusion in innovation ecosystems. First, an index system is constructed for evaluating the risk of knowledge fusion in innovation ecosystems, and data are collected by questionnaire for use as training data for the neural networks. To realize machine learning, 84 datasets were generated, of which 60 were used to train the network, and 24 were used to test the network in MATLAB (R2014b). Evaluation models were then constructed by the BP neural network and GA-BP neural network, and their accuracy was judged by comparing the evaluation value with the target value. The comparison shows that the GA-BP neural network has faster convergence speed and higher stability, can achieve the goal more often, and reduces the possibility of the BP neural network falling into a local optimum instead of reaching global optimization. The GA-BP neural network model for the knowledge fusion risk assessment of innovation ecosystems provides a new method for practice.     

医学创新的跨学科特征分析

以诺贝尔生理学和医学奖获奖者群体为样本,从该群体的知识背景、研究方法、科研协作方面入手,进行计量分析和实证研究,揭示医学创新研究的跨学科特征,认为跨学科知识背景是获得创新性成果的前提和基础,进而指出医学创新研究最终会导致新的医学跨学科体系的建构,推动整个医学的发展。     

A Complexity Approach To Co-Creating An Innovative Environment

The distinguishing characteristic of complex co-evolving systems is their ability to create new order. In human systems this may take the form of new ways of working or relating, new ideas for products, procedures, artefacts, or even the creation of a different culture or a new organizational form. This article will explore the creation of new order using the principles of complexity and the concepts of creativity and innovation. It will argue that innovation can be facilitated by an enabling environment based on the logic of complexity and describe how one organization (the Humberside Training and Enterprise Council) co-created an innovative environment and changed its culture, ways of working, thinking, and relating.     

Social Innovation: Enhancing Creative Performance Through Causal Analysis

ABSTRACT

Prior qualitative research has indicated that social innovation, the generation and implementation of new ideas about social relationships and social organization, requires active analysis of the causes operative in a social system. To provide some quantitative evidence bearing on this proposition, 180 undergraduates were presented with six social innovation problems drawn from the business and educational domains. Training in the analysis of causes was provided and manipulations were made to induce analysis through distancing and forecasting. It was found that induction of causal analysis through training and distancing contributed to the originality of obtained problem solutions especially in less familiar domains. The implications of these findings for understanding social innovation are discussed.     

Conversational construction of new meaning configurations in organizational innovation: A generative approach

Abstract

Organizational innovation is approached as a joint conversational event where new configurations of meaning are constructed. The emphasis in this article is on understanding the social dynamic processes of creating new meaning. A perspectivistic approach is developed which looks at how actors speak from their perspectives and give form to the sense-making process through discursive practices. The innovation process is documented, using an interpretive research, in two case studies: the creation of a young high tech firm and the internal development of a manufacturing unit of a multinational corporation. Three theoretical propositions derived from the cases are discussed and interwoven with existing literature: generative characteristics of conversations, the experiential profundity which can be seen as inherently social-relational, and the paradoxical nature of innovation. These propositions are summarized in conceptual charts; their use lies in multiplying and developing them into new ones as new contexts are explored.     

Overcoming Organizational Fixation: Creating and Sustaining an Innovation Culture

Fixation on established paradigms and practices can severely limit the capability of organizations to change, thereby jeopardizing the ability of organizations to keep up with changes in their environment and new technological developments. Overcoming organizational fixation is therefore a requirement for any organization that strives to achieve sustained success. Based on a discussion of individual, social and organizational causes of organizational fixation, a framework for overcoming organizational fixation and establishing an innovation culture is presented. Elaborating on the important role of leaders in creating an innovation culture, competencies and behaviors of innovation leaders are discussed, and a comprehensive leadership development strategy is outlined.