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在前一篇文章中,我們报告了对正常儿童高級神經活动,特別是以联合不同联系系統的方法对正常儿童大脑皮层綜合活动进行的实驗研究結果。研究表明,正常儿量很容易按言語指示对顏色显著不同的灯光信号形成阳性运动反应和抑制性反应(簡单分化)以及对顏色相近的灯光信号形成阳性运动反应和抑制性反应(精細分化)。在联合这两个联 相似文献
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陈立先生对于儿童的色、形抽象和爱好問題,作过一系列实驗研究,并发表了三篇論文:《儿童色、形抽象的发展研究》、《儿童色、形抽象发展的跟踪实驗》和《色、形爱好的差异》。去年10月28日,葛銘人同志在《光明日报》上著文,对陈立先生的《色、形爱好的差异》一文提出了严正的批評。他針对陈先生的研究問道:“我們究竟是以‘证实’或‘补充’某些外国資产阶級心理学家的观点为光荣,还是应当用毛泽东思想为指导,用革命的批判精神和独創精神,为发展心理学开辟一条广闊的道路呢?此后,陈立先生发表了一篇答复文章,表示葛銘人同志文章的“許多批評也很中肯,确实該引起心理学界深刻反省。但是,陈先生在許多問題上所持的保留意見,同“深刻反省”的精神是不一致的。 相似文献
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儿童色、形抽象的发展研究 总被引:5,自引:1,他引:4
对于思維发展过程的研究,我国近几年来,結合教学实际的比較多,这是很可喜的現象。但从实驗的控制条件下来进行研究,未必不可作为他山之石以供砥礪的。最初,馮德(W. Wundt)认为思維过程是不能用实驗法研究的,屈伯(O. Külpe)在1902年用顏色和形状进行抽象作用的实驗研究,才在这方面开辟了新途径。继此,符茲堡学派做了一 相似文献
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在前两篇文章中,我們报告了以联合不同联系系統的方法对正常儿童和脑神經衰弱儿童大脑皮层綜合活动进行的实驗研究結果。研究表明,正常儿童和脑神經衰弱儿童都极易按言語指示对顏色显著不同的灯光信号形成阳性运动反应和抑制性反应(簡单分化)以及对顏色相近的灯光信号形成阳性运动反应和抑制性反应(精細分化)。在联合基于直观特征的、建立在同一水平上的这两个联系系統时,正常儿童和脑神經衰弱儿童都能毫无困难地实現对它們的同时机能作用,并且这两个联系系統在同样程度上巩固地保持 相似文献
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目的儿童在积极的实践活动中,认識客观事物,影响周围世界,同时发展了自己的认識能力和个性品貭。而认識能力的发展、又为深入认識事物及进一步掌握知識創造了条件。心理学家曾从各种途径研究儿童认識能力的发展規律。其中有一些研究是从分析儿童对图画的感知理解入手,从而概括出儿童认識能力的发展特点和規律。 相似文献
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我的心理学知識还掌握得很少,現在本着学习的精神来参加心理学問題的討論,我在这里就“人的心理活动的共同規律問題”說一点我最近学习的体会。 过去在心理学教学中忽視人的心理的阶級性的現象是普遍地存在着的。在我們內心理学課中,从来沒有突出談过人的心理的阶級性問題。通过去年不断地下厂下乡下实驗 相似文献
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EDWIN E. GHISELLI 《Personnel Psychology》1969,22(2):125-130
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The effects of five procedures on the acquisition of conservation of length were studied. A Müller-Lyer illusion was used to induce apparent changes in length in the test- and practice-situations. Two procedures involved practice on addition-subtraction, one a progressive increase in the strength of the Müller-Lyer illusion, and one the anticipation of the outcome of displacements of the objects. A fifth procedure was a composite of the other four. The results showed some acquisitions in all groups, with highest frequency in the anticipation group, and lowest in the increase-in-illusion group. 相似文献
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不同年龄广告名人效应的心理加工机制研究 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:3
本研究从自动化加工和控制性加工这个视角研究了名人效应的心理加工机制。实验运用加工分离程序,探讨了不同年龄阶段的受众对名人广告的信息加工模式。结果发现:(1)名人效应是一个普遍存在的现象,与用一般消费者做代言人相比,青少年、成年人(大学生)以及老年人对名人广告均明显存在更多的自动化加工,且加工水平没有年龄差异。但是,老年人的控制性加工明显低于其他两组;(2)在非注意条件下,代言人的专业化程度明显地影响了大学生组的控制性加工,但与各组被试的自动化加工都关系不大。这些研究发现为广告策略的制定带来了一些新的启示。 相似文献
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Janet K. Swim Robyn Mallett Yvonne Russo-Devosa Charles Stangor 《Psychology of women quarterly》2005,29(4):406-411
We compared the subtlety of four measures of sexism and sources of variation in male and female psychology students' judgments that beliefs from these scales and everyday behaviors were sexist. Participants judged traditional gender role and hostile sexist beliefs as more sexist than benevolent and modern sexist beliefs, indicating the latter were more subtle measures of sexism. Participants also judged traditional gender role behaviors as more sexist than unwanted sexual attention, suggesting the latter may less readily be identified as sexist. Variation in judgments of beliefs as sexist was related to differences in likelihood of endorsing such beliefs. This relation fully accounted for the tendency for men to be less likely to judge beliefs as sexist in comparison to women. Endorsement of Modern and Hostile Sexist beliefs was related to judgments of behaviors as sexist. The implications of the results for scale usage and identifying sexist behavior are discussed. 相似文献
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James E. Carr Jon S. Bailey Cheryl L. Ecott Kim D. Lucker Timothy M. Weil 《Journal of applied behavior analysis》1998,31(3):313-321
We conducted a parametric analysis of response suppression associated with different magnitudes of noncontingent reinforcement (NCR). Participants were 5 adults with severe or profound mental retardation who engaged in a manual response that was reinforced on variable-ratio schedules during baseline. Participants were then exposed to NCR via multielement and reversal designs. The fixed-time schedules were kept constant while the magnitude of the reinforcing stimulus was varied across three levels (low, medium, and high). Results showed that high-magnitude NCR schedules produced large and consistent reductions in response rates, medium-magnitude schedules produced less consistent and smaller reductions, and low-magnitude schedules produced little or no effect on responding. These results suggest that (a) NCR affects responding by altering an establishing operation (i.e., attenuating a deprivation state) rather than through extinction, and (b) magnitude of reinforcement is an important variable in determining the effectiveness of NCR. 相似文献
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STEFAN BIRD‐POLLAN 《Metaphilosophy》2011,42(4):376-380
Abstract: This article argues that Christine Korsgaard's conception of self‐constitution can be historicized by considering the impact of actual humans on our reflective activity. Because Korsgaard bases her argument on a philosophy of action rather than of intention (as Kant does), and our actions must always be concrete, the article argues that the principles for action which we develop in reflection are likewise responses to concrete human demands. It further interprets the types of demands humans make on each other as the expression of historical circumstance rather than as transcendentally anchored. The notion of universal respect that reflection seeks to achieve is thus seen as developing by a self‐correcting process of concrete human interaction. Finally, the article concludes that there can be no metaphysical proof of morality, since morality develops through human interaction that seeks to approximate the idea of respect for persons. 相似文献
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采用自编《大学生自尊评定问卷》,探讨1104名大学生自尊发展的特点。结果表明:(1)随着年级的增长大学生自尊呈稳定发展趋势,重要感、胜任感、归属感三个维度上表现出显著的年级差异。(2)大学生自尊发展存在着显著的性别差异,男生发展水平显著高于女生,性别差异主要体现在归属感维度。(3)文科生外表感维度得分显著高于理科生,独生子女、城市学生以及学生干部在自尊总分及其三个维度得分显著高于非独生子女、农村学生以及非学生干部。 相似文献