生物库管理:如何避免失败

近年来,生物库成为了人们关注的焦点,因为生物库已经成为了生物制药和药学研究领域新的必备基础和来源。生物库所承载的历史使命是极具挑战性的,甚至有些令人望而却步:它既要将现有生物样本库转化成基因学研究的新的研究工具,又要建立大规模人群生物库。建立或维护生物库不仅仅是一项简单的收集工作,而是要通过生物库管理来赋予其特定的知识价值,这种知识价值可以产生相应的医疗健康意义或某种经济价值。生物库的成败与否,生物库创造价值的能力,取决于管理体系的确立和有序模式的建立,其建立可以为分类提供策略,并最终建立一个互动的网络体系,这个互动网络体系呈现在一系列不同的领域中:科学/技术领域,医药/卫生领域,产业化经济领域,法律道德和社会政治领域。     

生物库管理:如何避免失败

近年来,生物库成为了人们关注的焦点,因为生物库已经成为了生物制药和药学研究领域新的必备基础和来源.生物库所承载的历史使命是极具挑战性的,甚至有些令人望而却步:它既要将现有生物样本库转化成基因学研究的新的研究工具,又要建立大规模人群生物库.建立或维护生物库不仅仅是一项简单的收集工作,而是要通过生物库管理来赋予其特定的知识价值,这种知识价值可以产生相应的医疗健康意义或某种经济价值.生物库的成败与否,生物库创造价值的能力,取决于管理体系的确立和有序模式的建立,其建立可以为分类提供策略,并最终建立一个互动的网络体系,这个互动网络体系呈现在一系列不同的领域中:科学/技术领域,医药/卫生领域,产业化经济领域,法律道德和社会政治领域.     

价值驱动：当代企业管理伦理实现的重要方法

"价值驱动"是当代企业管理伦理实现的重要方法,意指企业管理要成功,必须进行以价值观的批判与建构活动为基础的管理,即以价值观指导经营管理活动、驱动管理行为,以使企业经营管理行为合乎伦理.它是当代管理发展到文化管理阶段的产物.企业管理活动需要价值观是因为价值观具有重要功能.当代企业所需要的价值观应该蕴含人类的基本价值,并具有"顾客导向"的纲领、"清晰简明"的特征和"知行合一"的目的等共性.     

参加中元盛会的感想

农历七月十五日破晓,被尊为全真第一丛林的北京白云观,呈现出一片节日的景象。殿堂内外摆设得整整齐齐,扫除得干干净净,准备即将在这里举行隆重的中元法会。农历七月十五日为中元节,是道教比较隆重的节日,这一天道教宫观内都要举行隆重的道场。早在汉朝以前人们就信仰天、地、水三官大帝,道教称三官中的地官为赦罪大帝,尊其为“中元七炁赦罪地官洞灵青虚大帝平等应善天尊”。每年七月十五日为传统的中元节,又是地官的圣诞日。     

四元生命管理之理念初探

只有从研究个体的先天体质入手,剖析个体生命特征,根据生命体自身的变化规律,预测生命各阶段将出现的各种问题,才能针对性地对个体生命的全过程进行全面地分析、评估、监测、预防、干预和维护。四元生命管理即为凸显个体独特性的、从测评先天体质入手、强调四元平衡互动的、对生命全过程进行的管理。     

情商管理--实现企业管理的变革

本文从情商的本质涵义入手 ,论述企业情商管理的滞后性 ,提出企业实现情商管理的具体措施。通过情商管理综合修炼企业情绪智商 ,充分发挥企业潜能 ,是实现我国企业管理更新变革的意义所在     

传统统计方法面临的挑战:元分析方法

利用计算机构造实验组和控制组总体,进行传统统计方法与元分析比较实验研究。在实验组总体高出控制组总体０．５０个标准差的提下,传统ｔ检验的统计检验能力（Ｐ）仅为为４１％;而利用元分析的方法进行统计分析,其结果与计算机构造模型有很高的一致性从而提出元分析方法在进入心理学实验研究和证实理论方面的有效性和可靠性,以及传统统计方法面临挑战的事实。     

多媒体学习中线索效应的元分析

作为多媒体学习中一种重要的指导性教学设计形式, 线索能否引导学习者的注意并促进学习效果, 目前结论尚不一致。研究运用元分析技术, 分别以保持测验、迁移测验的成绩作为学习效果的结果变量, 以线索区的注视时间、注视次数作为注意引导的结果变量, 探讨多媒体环境中的线索对学习效果和注意引导的影响, 并通过调节效应检验考察线索效应的边界条件。采用严格标准进行文献检索和筛选后, 共获取43篇符合元分析的文献。在保持测验成绩和迁移测验成绩上, 分别生成了44个(3910人)和41个(3906人)独立效应量; 在对线索区的注视时间和注视次数上, 分别生成了14个(938人)和11个(816人)独立效应量。结果发现, 线索的加入显著提高了保持测验成绩(g = 0.53)和迁移测验成绩(g = 0.36), 同时也增加了学习者对线索区的注视时间(g = 0.50)和注视次数(g = 0.70)。调节效应分析发现：在保持测验成绩上, 静态学习材料、陈述性知识、理工科条件下的线索效应分别高于动态学习材料、程序性知识和文科; 在迁移测验成绩上, 时空线索、静态学习材料、陈述性知识条件下的线索效应分别高于物理线索、动态学习材料和程序性知识; 而在眼动指标上, 线索对注意的引导主要受线索类型的调节, 物理线索条件下学习者对线索区的注视时间和注视次数均高于时空线索。结论认为, 线索的加入确实促进了学习者对学习材料的识记和理解效果, 同时也引导了学习者的注意分配; 但线索效应一定程度上受线索类型、学习材料动态性、知识类型、学科属性等因素的调节。未来研究需进一步考察线索效应的其他边界条件。     

基于共济方法的研究型生物样本库伦理治理框架评析

基于共济的伦理治理框架符合研究型生物样本库的核心价值和目标、承认人们积极参与的意愿、减少研究成本和参与者伤害、加速推进研究型生物样本库的建设等,避免了基于自主权的风险治理框架的缺陷。但该框架不适用于商业型生物样本库、过分强调节约研究成本、减少伤害而忽视了研究过程中的风险预防以及缺少相应的伦理规范和外部监督。建议在选择共济框架时充分考虑大数据背景下研究中的不确定性和复杂性风险,重视对参与者个体自主权和风险的考量,探求与基于自主权的风险治理框架的互补与融合,并加强公众参与和外部监督。

     

元分析的特点、方法及其应用的现状分析

元分析是心理、教育及其他科学领域内新近出现的一种重要研究方法,它主要是借助统计方法,对针对同一问题的大量研究结果进行综合分析与评价,从而概括出其研究结果所反映的共同效应,即普遍性的结论。但这种方法在目前国内心理与教育研究中仍不多见。本文首先将通过与其他整合研究结果的分析方法的比较,归纳出元分析的主要特点及其局限性,其次本文着重介绍目前应用较为广泛的三种重要的元分析方法,并对三种方法作出比较分析;最后本文还将对元分析技术在国内心理学研究中的应用现状作分析与评价。     

The Entangling of Problems,Solutions and Markets: On Building a Market for Privacy

An increasing number of public problems have been subject to market-based interventions as solutions. However, the relationship between problems and solutions in market-based interventions is complex. On occasions solutions are reformulated as understanding of the nature of the problem are advanced. Alternatively, problems are reconfigured to fit a standard solution. Or solutions are said to generate numerous new problems. The complex entangling of problems, solutions and markets can be explored by focusing on the field of online privacy. The complexities of this field can be analysed through three science and technology studies (STS) treatments of problems and solutions. First, issue-problematisation can be used to understand the ways in which a problem is assembled and comes to form the focus for discussion as an issue. Second, a paradigm-exemplar approach can assess the extent to which a particular coupling of problem and solution becomes an exemplar for others to draw on. Third, ontological constitution provides a focal point for analysing the ways in which the very nature of entities involved in problems, solutions and markets can be considered. There is analytic utility in each of these approaches in engaging with online privacy regulation and the emerging role of start-ups in introducing new privacy products to an emerging market place. However, these STS approaches leave us with questions regarding the relationship between market solutions and publics, the co-ordination of entities in market solutions and the normative questions that arise from entangling markets, problems and solutions.     

新生儿疼痛管理方法与培训现状

总结了目前新生儿疼痛管理方法与培训现状.疼痛管理方法包括非药物性止痛方法如口服蔗糖水、非营养性吸吮、襁褓包裹及袋鼠式护理等,药物镇痛如瑞芬太尼与丙泊酚用于小儿气管插管及其他;培训现状包括权威教科书上缺少关于新生儿疼痛管理知识、缺乏特异性调查问卷、缺乏专业师资及培训机构.认为在新生儿的治疗护理中医护人员要坚持科学的认识论,把握医学伦理学的要求,在日常的治疗护理中体现对新生儿的人文关怀,才能进一步提高医疗护理质量,达到医院与患者的双赢.     

Nuclear Waste Facing the Test of Time: The Case of the French Deep Geological Repository Project

The purpose of this article is to consider the socio-anthropological issues raised by the deep geological repository project for high-level, long-lived nuclear waste. It is based on fieldwork at a candidate site for a deep storage project in eastern France, where an underground laboratory has been studying the feasibility of the project since 1999. A project of this nature, based on the possibility of very long containment (hundreds of thousands of years, if not longer), involves a singular form of time. By linking project performance to geology’s very long timescale, the project attempts “jump” in time, focusing on a far distant future, without understanding it in terms of generations. But these future generations remain measurements of time on the surface, where the issue of remembering or forgetting the repository comes to the fore. The nuclear waste geological storage project raises questions that neither politicians nor scientists, nor civil society, have ever confronted before. This project attempts to address a problem that exists on a very long timescale, which involves our responsibility toward generations in the far future.     

The CHIC Model: A Global Model for Coupled Binary Data

Often problems result in the collection of coupled data, which consist of different N-way N-mode data blocks that have one or more modes in common. To reveal the structure underlying such data, an integrated modeling strategy, with a single set of parameters for the common mode(s), that is estimated based on the information in all data blocks, may be most appropriate. Such a strategy implies a global model, consisting of different N-way N-mode submodels, and a global loss function that is a (weighted) sum of the partial loss functions associated with the different submodels. In this paper, such a global model for an integrated analysis of a three-way three-mode binary data array and a two-way two-mode binary data matrix that have one mode in common is presented. A simulated annealing algorithm to estimate the model parameters is described and evaluated in a simulation study. An application of the model to real psychological data is discussed. T. Wilderjans is a Research Assistant of the Fund for Scientific Research—Flanders (Belgium). The research reported in this paper was partially supported by the Research Council of K.U. Leuven (GOA/2005/04). We are grateful to Kristof Vansteelandt for providing us with an interesting data set. We also thank three anonymous reviewers for their useful comments.     

应用批判性思维法探讨内分泌学临床思维的建立

应用内分泌学中常见的肾上腺皮质腺瘤所致原发性醛固酮增多症,甲状腺功能减退所致垂体腺瘤样增生等。典型病例探讨批判性思维法做为一种重要的思维方式,在内分泌学复杂的临床诊疗过程中的应用,力争做到思维与客观实际相一致,逐渐培养科学的内分泌学临床思维模式。     

The Significance of the Rorschach Method for Consulting Psychology

Abstract

A round-table discussion of the Rorschach test was held at Albany, New York, on May 8, 1937, in connection with the eighth annual meeting of the Association of Consulting Psychologists. There were 32 persons present at this conference with Dr. Bruno Klopfer, of Teachers College, Columbia University, presiding. Dr. Klopfer opened the discussion with a brief survey of the development of the Rorschach method. He presented figures to show the growth of the Rorschach Research Exchange which started with 14 subscribers in the Summer of 1936 and has now reached a total of more than one hundred subscribers in the United States and Europe. He then introduced the various speakers.