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苏尼是四川凉山彝族社会类似于萨满的仪式专家,从萨满教视角研究包含彝族苏尼在内的中国南方民族萨满宗教民俗正在成为学术界思考的新取向。苏尼在产生方式、宗教体验、与神沟通方式及宇宙观与神灵体系方面展现出萨满特征。苏尼萨满特征的个案探究,为从中国南方民族萨满教视角与国际萨满学理论对话、构思完整的中国萨满学研究体系提供了南方民族的经验。 相似文献
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入巫仪式是科尔沁萨满教实现文化传承的重要途径。在学者和老萨满的共同努力下,传统的入巫仪式"过九关"得到了发掘保留,20世纪80年代经由大萨满色仁钦确立的"过双关"仪式亦得到公认并成为当代科尔沁萨满教最主要的入巫仪式。当下仪式在继承传统的基础上又出现了变化。在多重因素的作用下,过关仪式的世俗化倾向明显,且对闯关者由世俗世界向宗教世界转换过渡的通过效力减弱,仪式本身成为萨满获得社会资本以增加竞争实力的重要途径。 相似文献
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本文认为,萨满教是历史上以东北亚通古斯人为核心的原始信仰,后来逐渐发展成为北亚、北欧、北美诸多民族的自发宗教,除此之外,其它原始信仰均不宜称作萨满教。在东北亚我国境内,萨满教伴随着满族的成长与变迁所形成的萨满文化最为完整、最为典型;要研究萨满教,必须首先熟谙以我国满族为代表的东北亚通古斯人的萨满文化信仰。 相似文献
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萨满教一词所引起的大部分想象都来源于灵魂体验的范围。从令人困惑的异国情调到亲密无间,这些想象在这一范围内无处不在。萨满有时被描写成与敌对的大自然进行孤军奋战的感人至深的英雄,有时又成为神秘主义者的早期原型,甚或成为当代社会中精神病医生的早期原型。这些想象虽然并非完全靠不住,但却错误地把萨满教现象归结为萨满的个性使然,错误地把萨满的行为局限于其个人心理现象。这种局限性几乎没有反映出萨满教社会的真实情况。在以萨满教为中心的观点中,有一点被忽视了:即萨满 相似文献
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《世界宗教文化》2016,(1)
本文主要论述了蒙古地区萨满教的由来过程、蒙古族人对萨满教的认知、萨满教的法器法物,以及萨满与蒙古人称"孛额"(Buge)的圣者代言人和蒙古人崇拜"长生天"(Mengke tengri蒙克腾格里)的关系等问题。从古至今,蒙古草原传承着历史悠久又较有代表性的克旗祭敖包仪轨这一文化遗产,本文着力探讨了萨满教与后来传入的佛教对蒙古族人民社会生活的影响,以田野调查研究的成果展现给大家。同时借助蒙藏文献对蒙古敖包文化的内涵、种类以及如何建造敖包、祭祀敖包的礼仪等进行梳理分析,从中也可以领略世代相传的蒙古草原文化,这种文化为草原人民与自然和谐共处、安居乐业起着积极的促进作用,可以认为是萨满文化与佛教文化互鉴的结果。 相似文献
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萨满降神附体后的一个主要特点,就是人格发生变化.萨满由原来的人神中介之身份,变成了某位神灵的化身.这种人格变化使萨满实现了神化.在萨满教世界中,无论是氏族大事,还是家庭和个人事务,都要听从神灵的旨意,以神意为最高意志. 相似文献
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There is an old but powerful argument for the claim that exhaustive divine foreknowledge is incompatible with the freedom to do otherwise. A crucial ingredient in this argument is the principle of the “Fixity of the Past” (FP). A seemingly new response to this argument has emerged, the so-called “dependence response,” which involves, among other things, abandoning FP for an alternative principle, the principle of the “Fixity of the Independent” (FI). This paper presents three arguments for the claim that FI ought to be preferred to FP.
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Two types of matching designs, static and dynamic, are differentiated. While all matching designs are logically the same in terms of the probability model which determines chance level of performance, an attempt is made to demonstrate that there is an interaction between the tactics, strategies, and actual knowledge ofS and the type of design used which will, in turn, lead to different results even whenS's knowledge is held constant. It is suggested that analogous situations may exist within the framework of the traditional psychometric model.The work reported in this paper was supported by a National Science Foundation Undergraduate Research Participation Grant (NSF-G15797) to the senior author. The authors are indebted to Joel E. Greene for his advice and criticism. 相似文献
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《Canadian journal of philosophy》2012,42(3):303-321
If practical reasoning deserves its name, its form must be different from that of ordinary (theoretical) reasoning. A few have thought that the conclusion of practical reasoning is an action, rather than a mental state. I argue here that if the conclusion is an action, then so too is one of the premises. You might reason your way from doing one thing to doing another: from browsing journal abstracts to reading a particular journal article. I motivate this by sympathetically re-examining Hume's claim that a conclusion about what ought to be done follows only from an argument one of whose premises is likewise about what ought to be done. 相似文献
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