Note on the golden section

Abstract.— Lines of different lengths were offered to subjects. One half of ten lines were presented horizontally; the other vertically. It was found that two groups of subjects, graduate and undergraduate psychologists and art students at the average produced a ratio close to the ratio the "golden section", which is a controversy in aesthetics.     

Note on the Psychopathology of Genius

Summary

Twenty male Ss earned money by pulling a knob. Ss also could avoid or escape an aversive tone by pressing a button (a nonaggressive response) or by hitting a padded cushion (aggressive response). Control group Ss worked alone during two 90-minute sessions of an extinction condition in which knob pulling was no longer rewarded after 20 had been earned. Experimental group Ss, who worked alone only during the first session of extinction, were paired with an aggressive model in the second session. Experimental group Ss showed higher magnitudes of punching when the aggressive model was present than when he was absent. Control group Ss showed a reduction in high-magnitude punches across extinction conditions. It was concluded that the mere presence of a nonrewarded aggressive model was sufficient to evoke imitative aggression.     

Note on the Scope of Truth-functional Logic

A plausible and popular rule governing the scope of truth-functional logic is shown to be indequate. The argument appeals to the existence of truth-functional paraphrases which are logically independent of their natural language counterparts. A more adequate rule is proposed.