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1.
Empowering school social work practices for positive youth development: Hong Kong experience 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
To SM 《Adolescence》2007,42(167):555-567
Empowerment has become a popular concept in working with adolescents in recent years. It challenges the deficit model of youth work and focuses on creating a facilitative climate in which young people can make maximum use of the opportunity to learn and grow. While many practitioners have adopted the empowerment approach in youth services, however, we know little about the possibilities for empowerment practice in the field of school social work. Based on the findings of a qualitative study conducted in Hong Kong, this paper explores how school social workers engage in different dimensions of empowerment: (1) the personal dimension in regard to how students recapture a sense of competence to meet life challenges and fight for their own benefits; (2) the school and community dimensions in regard to how practitioners collaborate with service users and partners to initiate constructive changes to school policies and strengthen the school-community partnership for student development; and (3) the institutional dimension in regard to how practitioners play the advocacy role in the education sector. The findings provide rich information for other youth workers, especially those who render service in the school setting, as they apply the empowerment approach in daily practice. 相似文献
2.
Ristock JL 《American journal of community psychology》2003,31(3-4):329-341
This paper presents preliminary results from a multisite, qualitative study on violence in lesbian relationships. A framework for conducting community-based, empowerment research that draws on theories of community psychology, feminism, and postmodernism is presented. The study was designed to understand the dynamics of abusive lesbian relationships and social service providers' responses to the abuse. Results from 80 in-depth interviews with lesbians who have experienced relationship violence are examined with a particular focus on a pattern of first relationships being abusive and a theme of shifting power dynamics. Analysis of focus group discussions with 45 feminist service providers (e.g., counselors, shelter workers, social workers, healthcare providers) reveals the difficulties in assessing the power dynamics of abusive same-sex relationships and in developing appropriate responses when relying on heterosexually gendered models developed to address men's violence against women. The preliminary results present implications both for how we theorize and research this form of violence, and for improving the practices and policies of social services that work with lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgendered communities. 相似文献
3.
《Psychoanalytic Social Work》2013,20(4):31-40
Social work practice in work settings, particularly employee assistance programs has experienced substantial growth over the past decade. With this growth comes a number of practice issues related to the professional conduct of social workers in work based social programs and the impact these programs have on public social services. Other relevant issues are client self-determination and degree of confidentiality. This paper clarifies these issues and also identifies potential policy and economic implications for social work practitioners and the profession. 相似文献
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5.
The 1991 General Social Survey of 745 randomly selected workers in the United States assessed the impact of family-responsive human resource policies, such as parental leave, flexible schedules, and child care assistance on organizational attachment. Employees who had access to family-responsive policies showed significantly greater organizational committment and expressed significantly lower intention to quit their jobs. Additionally, child care information referral had a greater impact on affective commitment among employees eligible for that benefit. The data supported the theory that offering assistance to employees in need symbolizes concern for employees and positively influences attachment to the organization. The contrasting theoretical explanation–that people are more attached to companies when they individually benefit from progressive human resource policies–received considerably less support. The practical implication of the study for human resource management professionals is that providing comprehensive family-friendly policies may have a positive impact beyond the individual employees who tap these benefits. 相似文献
6.
Boshra A. Arnout 《Counselling and Psychotherapy Research》2020,20(3):406-418
This study aimed to investigate the predictors of psychological service providers' empowerment in the light of the COVID‐19 pandemic outbreak. The researcher prepared a psychological service providers' empowerment scale that consisted of 28 items, and this scale was applied in a random sample consisting of 975 psychological service providers. The results showed that the empowerment scale has acceptable validity and reliability. The results of the exploratory factor analysis indicated that the 28 scale items saturate on seven factors, which accounted for 64.42% of the total variance of the scale: the first factor named expect psychological services effectiveness accounted for 27.86%, the second factor named self‐stimulation accounted for 9.71%, the third factor named responsibilities and duties accounted for 7.12%, the fourth factor named psychological services work environment accounted for 6.51%, the fifth factor named psychological service providers’ decision‐making accounted for 5.37%, the sixth factor named creative psychological service provider behaviour accounted for 4.45%, and the seventh factor named psychological services confidence accounted for 3.82% of the total variance of a psychological service providers' empowerment. In order to study the ability to predict the empowerment among psychological service providers, the researcher developed a structural model for psychological service providers' empowerment and then used the structural equation model analysis. The results showed that the proposed structural model of a psychological service providers' empowerment has goodness‐of‐fit, and these results emphasised the ability to predict psychological service providers' empowerment by seven tested factors. 相似文献
7.
Simone Grebner Norbert Semmer Luca Lo Faso Stephan Gut Wolfgang Kälin Achim Elfering 《European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology》2013,22(4):341-365
A comparison of 234 call centre agents with 572 workers in traditional jobs with long lasting training revealed lower job control and task complexity/variety and higher uncertainty among call agents. However, time pressure, concentration demands, and work interruptions were lower in call agents. Within the call agent sample, controlling for negative affectivity and other working conditions, job control predicted intention to quit, and job complexity/variety predicted job satisfaction and affective commitment. Social stressors and task-related stressors predicted uniquely indicators of well-being and job-related attitudes. Furthermore, data confirm the role of emotional dissonance as a stressor in its own right, as it explained variance in irritated reactions and psychosomatic complaints beyond other working conditions. Results indicate that strong division of labour may be a rather general phenomenon in call centres. Therefore, working conditions of call agents require a redesign by means of job enrichment or—better—organization development. Moreover, measures of social stressors and emotional dissonance should be integrated routinely into stress-related job analyses in service jobs. 相似文献
8.
From the front lines of welfare reform: an analysis of social worker and welfare recipient attitudes
Bullock HE 《The Journal of social psychology》2004,144(6):571-588
Social workers and welfare recipients operate within the same institutional framework and share a working and/or lived knowledge of poverty, but they occupy different social and economic positions. To gain a better understanding of intergroup attitudes, the author compared how social workers and welfare recipients explain poverty and perceive the welfare system. The results highlight important similarities and differences between the two groups. Although the author did not find differences for individualistic attributions, welfare recipients regarded prejudice as playing a greater role in causing poverty than did social workers. Welfare recipients also expressed stronger support for increased welfare funding and progressive welfare policies than did social workers. The author discussed implications for strengthening interclass alliances, particularly the relationship between social service providers and welfare recipients. 相似文献
9.
Meejung Chin Jaerim Lee Soyoung Lee Seohee Son Miai Sung 《Journal of child and family studies》2012,21(1):53-64
We provide a comprehensive review of family policy in South Korea (Korea hereafter) for international readers. Alarmed by
recent social and demographic changes, the Korean government has started to establish explicit family policies from the mid
2000s. These policies have signified a symbolic attention shift to family matters in the history of social policy in Korea.
In this paper, we focus on three areas of family policy: (a) work-family policies, (b) a healthy family policy, and (c) a
policy for multi-cultural families. Work-family policies aim to help working families with young children balance work responsibilities
and family caregiving through multiple leave options and child care support. The Framework Act on Healthy Families, the first
explicit family policy in Korea, requires local governments to provide family services through Healthy Family Support Centers.
The Multi-Cultural Family Support Act also established a formal support system for multi-cultural families with immigrant
spouses, a population group that has recently increased in Korea. We further discuss the domestic and comparative contexts
of Korean family policy and provide suggestions for the remaining challenges. 相似文献
10.
JONATHAN WOLFF 《Metaphilosophy》2009,40(3-4):402-415
Abstract: This essay considers the range of possible policy options that are available if we wish to attempt to treat people with cognitive disabilities as equal members of society. It suggests that the goal of policy should be to allow each disabled person to establish a worthwhile place in the world and sets out four policy options: cash compensation, personal enhancement, status enhancement, and targeted resource enhancement. The essay argues for the social policy of targeted resource enhancement for individuals with cognitive disabilities, in the form of providing cash, with some limits on its use. Taking the example from the United Kingdom of "self-directed support," it argues that such policies can be cost-effective and advance the autonomy of people with cognitive disabilities, especially when compared with current policies of centrally provided services. 相似文献
11.
青少年的人格特征与互联网社交服务使用偏好的关系 总被引:25,自引:2,他引:23
“互联网社交”快速兴起,网络社交已经成为一种人际交往方式,相当多的互联网用户在使用互联网社交服务,青少年也是这种服务的热心使用者。澄清青少年使用互联网社交服务过程中的一些基本现象,有益于教育者有重点地引导青少年的网上社交行为,对互联网社交服务的使用能够趋其利,避其害。该研究使用问卷法调查了339名青少年的外向性、神经质、社会支持和社交焦虑与互联网社交服务的使用之间的关系。研究发现(1)青少年在互联网社交服务使用偏好上存在着显著的性别和年级差异;(2)外向性、神经质对互联网社交服务的使用偏好有直接而显著的正向预测作用;(3)外向性通过社会支持间接地预测互联网社交服务的使用偏好;(4)外向性对社交焦虑有负向预测作用,并通过社交焦虑预测互联网社交服务的使用偏好;(5)神经质通过社交焦虑间接地预测互联网社交服务的使用偏好。 相似文献
12.
Robert A. Roe Fred R.H. Zijlstra ReneÉ J.D. Schalk Tharsi C.B. Taillieu Jos M.M. Van der Wielen 《European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology》2013,22(2):163-176
Abstract To describe and conceptualize new forms of work and organization a questionnaire survey in service organizations (n = 845), and a telephone survey among workers (n = 1168) were held. New concepts are introduced to identify the types of work and organization found, i.e. “Information Service Organization” (ISO) and “Mental Information Work” (MIW). ISOs are characterized by activities such as collecting, storing, and processing data; advising people; and informing people. They also make a lot of use of IT (computers, programs) and electronic network connections. Most ISOs appear to be traditional in terms of working hours and places of work. MIW is a form of knowledge work characterized by mental manipulations of information; IT is often used. Flexi-time is relatively frequent in MIW, but most people work on a fixed place of work. 相似文献
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14.
NICHOLAS A. CUMMINGS 《Journal of counseling and development : JCD》1990,68(5):485-490
Professional psychology was the first mental health profession to challenge the preeminence of psychiatry and in so doing blazed the trail for clinical social workers, mental health counselors, marriage and family therapists, and addiction counselors. Social work has followed one decade behind psychology's footsteps, and the other rapidly emerging mental health professions are not too far behind social work. This article reviews the lessons learned by professional psychology when it adopted the strategy of statutory regulation, freedom of choice, control of its own training and of its national organization, and future strategies for Medicare and eventually for the enactment of universal health care. These lessons are important to the professions following psychology. 相似文献
15.
Jennifer Sharma Janet McKelvey Ron Hardy Michael H. Epstein Richard G. Lomax Paula Jo Hruby 《Journal of child and family studies》1997,6(2):209-219
Large urban areas present many challenges to those children and adults who reside in those settings. The social service workers in urban areas have clients with complex, multiple needs. Reliable and consistent workers are essential to successfully working with these families. In the current study, the job satisfaction of 29 social service workers in an urban child welfare agency was assessed using the Job Satisfaction Scale (JSS). The JSS measures satisfaction in 7 areas of one's job (i.e., work, supervision, coworkers, pay and promotion, work environment, training, and position). Data indicated that the staff were relatively satisfied, that satisfaction did not vary by staff position (family worker vs. social worker/supervisor), and that neither demographic factors nor prior experiences were predictors of job satisfaction. Implications for agency management and the provision of social services to urban families are discussed. 相似文献
16.
Susan Gair 《Reflective Practice》2016,17(5):592-604
Racism is an enduring reality in Australian society for Indigenous Australians, reflecting the experiences of Indigenous peoples in colonized countries worldwide. While social work services delivered by Indigenous Australians might be the preferred option, the graduation rate of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander students from Australian social work training is low and non-Indigenous social workers provide most service delivery. As a non-Indigenous social work educator at an Australian university, I recognize that teaching culturally relevant curricula, in order to produce antiracist social work graduates who recognize racism and privilege, is crucial but challenging. The purpose of this article is to share my ongoing critical reflections, particularly with regard to student dissatisfaction and possible disengagement with difficult content, and my actions for improved teaching and learning, in order to graduate work-ready social workers. 相似文献
17.
Louise Emanuel 《Journal of Child Psychotherapy》2013,39(2):163-179
The author describes her experience of setting up a therapeutic service for 'looked-after children' in a social services department, and the change of approach from a focus on individual therapy 8 to consultation and liaison with the network. The idea that children in the 'care system' suffer a triple deprivation when the 'double deprivation', as described by Henry (1974), is compounded by organizational difficulties, is explored. Material is presented of work with foster-parents which helped to prevent placement breakdown. The ways in which disturbing emotional states of clients are re-enacted within the organization are discussed. The author suggests that the paralysis in a social services system, which can lead to 'drift', resembles the 'collapse of strategy' of babies displaying a 'disorganized/disoriented' attachment response to a frightened or frightening mother. The need for a 'secure base' for social workers and their managers is stressed if they are to provide the same for their clients. 相似文献
18.
Émilie Lapointe Jean-Sébastien Boudrias 《Psychologie du Travail et des Organisations》2013,19(4):318-335
Organizational initiatives to empower employees have limited success if they are supported only by top managers. The goal of this study is to examine how two actors in the workers’ proximal social environment, the supervisor and colleagues, contribute to employee empowerment. A questionnaire study was conducted with a sample of 418 workers relying both on psychological and behavioral self-report measures of employee empowerment. Multiple regressions revealed that contributions from the supervisor and colleagues are distinct, additive and interact in a synergic way to increase employee empowerment. These results suggest that it is important to foster favorable conditions in the workers’ proximal social environment to instill employee empowerment. 相似文献
19.
Duty of Care,Safety, Normalisation and the Mental Capacity Act: A Discourse Analysis of Staff Arguments about Facilitating Choices for People with Learning Disabilities in UK Services 下载免费PDF全文
Treena Jingree 《Journal of community & applied social psychology》2015,25(2):138-152
The benefits of having choice and control for people with learning disabilities 1 are well documented, and front‐line carers often make efforts ensuring that these are facilitated. However, despite this, government policy reports that disempowerment within learning disability services in the UK is a persistent problem. Using critical discursive psychology, 15 interviews with support workers about empowering people with learning disabilities were analysed. Interpretative repertoires about ‘duty of care’, ‘safety’ and ‘normalisation’ and discursive strategies involving ‘comparative evaluations’ were found, which opened speaker positions of granting or withholding choice, assuming responsibility for those in care and constructing service users as lacking capacity. These resources also allowed speakers to regulate the choices of service users and to normalise limited choice in ways that undermined taking up more empowering practices. The findings may explain the persistence of disempowerment within services by indicating how such discourses are deeply entrenched in service talk and are invoked to justify disempowering practices. This is discussed in view of the implications for empowerment and also current legislative frameworks such as the Mental Capacity Act. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
20.
我国现阶段的卫生财政政策及其理念分析 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
系统地描述和总结了我国现行的卫生财政政策,分析了其理念,指出了其不足之处。政府应当担负起社会合作的责任,建立起卫生财政转移支付制度,在不同行政区域之间,在城市与农村之间,公平地分配公共卫生服务物品和基本医疗服务物品。以药品差价收入补偿医疗机构的卫生财政政策理念是有害的。 相似文献