On "On what there is"

All sides in the recent debates over the Quine-Putnam Indispensability thesis presuppose Quine's criterion for determining what a discourse is ontologically committed to. I subject the criterion to scrutiny, especially in regard to the available competitor-criteria, asking what means of evaluation there are for comparing alternative criteria against each other. Finding none, the paper concludes that ontological questions, in a certain sense , are philosophically indeterminate.     

实践的控制

实践是人的存在方式,实践造就了人。但这并不表明实践应该被人类奉为圣物而崇拜!当实践仅仅被当作工具理性和政治理性的代名词而对自然界及人类社会进行改造时,实践就有可能使人类陷入一个自己为自己设下的牢笼之中。因此,反思实践,控制实践,才能确保人类社会的和谐安宁和人与自然的可持续发展。     

论一神思想的精髓——以犹太思想为例

由犹太人最先提出的一神思想是人类社会现存的最重要信仰之一,也是当前世界上影响最大的一种思想。本文旨在探讨,在信仰以外,一神思想的精髓到底是什么?一神思想与多神思想相比较到底在那些方面可以被视为是一种创新,一种进步?在超越神学方面,一神思想对人类而言到底有什么样的意义?     

论患者的不真正义务

患者的不真正义务是法律没有规定且医患双方亦没有约定患者必须履行的,医方通常不得请求履行,而其违反也不发生损害赔偿责任,仅使患者遭受权利减损或者丧失之不利益的义务.主要包括患者的披露的义务、遵照医嘱的义务与签字的义务.患者的不真正义务是不同于患者给付义务和附随义务的一种独立义务.患者的不真正义务不应保护医方使其免于承担治疗失当的责任.     

On speaking of oneself

Pastoral Psychology -     

科学精神刍议——科学理念门外谈之三

弘扬科学精神是当前社会上各项活动中的一个时尚词。许多领导的讲话,传媒的报道和发表的文章,以至某些口号中常常离不开"科学精神"这个词语。中科院今年发表的《关于科学理念     

论企业的慈善责任

慈善既体现了人们对构建美好社会以及美好生活的愿望,也蕴涵了人们对社会对他人所应承担的社会责任的一种自觉意识.而企业作为一种营利性组织,其社会责任体系中乃包含着慈善责任.慈善责任在企业社会责任体系中举最高层次,是企业主观意识到的自主自愿承担的责任,它不具有其他责任与义务如经济和法律责任的强制性特征.企业承担社会慈善责任,符合社会的倡导与公众的期望,但其对慈善责任的承担是有限度的,即企业承担社会慈善责任应与自身的承受能力和企业自身的正常生产以及可持续发展相适应,应量力而行.     

On simplicity of formulas

Simple formula should contain only few quantifiers. In the paper the methods to estimate quantity and quality of quantifiers needed to express a sentence equivalent to given one.     

论犹太教末世论

末世论是犹太教原创性教义之一,在2000多年的发展过程中,演变成为一种复杂的思想体系。复杂不仅体现在内容繁多,更体现在各派别在认识上矛盾重重,甚至互相对立,并且在发展过程中又受到波斯等外来思想的影响。对此,本文意在对犹太教末世论思想进行简单梳理,同时对其产生的原因和本质进行比较详细地分析。     

庆大霉素耳毒性作用的哲学思考

1 庆大霉素内耳毒性作用的药理机制 庆大霉素是Weinstein于1963年发现的,是由放线菌科小单孢菌产生的一种氨基甙类抗生素.由氨基糖分子和非糖部分的甙元结合而成.呈碱性,易溶于水,性质稳定.它通过全程阻断细菌蛋白质合成,包括抑制始动期70S复合物形成,干扰DNA复制,影响肽链延伸等,影响细胞膜通透性,从而对需氧革兰氏阴性杆菌起到抑菌和杀菌作用,广泛应用于临床各科,起到了良好的控制感染的作用,但随之发现庆大霉素的主要毒副作用是对内耳和肾脏的毒性损害作用.     

论原始中医学的先进性

今年以来,张功耀先生在网上,在期刊发表"告别中医中药"谬说,理由之广,论点之奇,可谓独特.如说"中国古代无科学","在甲骨文流行时代,中国还没有医学","直到公元前6世纪,中国可能还没有医","中脉诊方法不具备起码的可用来排中分析的逻辑基础"等.为正视听,故从原始中医学的先进性作了回答.     

On interpretation of interactions

The principle focus of this paper is on interpretation of interactions that are obtained when response probability is used as a dependent variable. It is argued that results obtained with probability [or any dependent variable) are only interesting insofar as they reflect something about a corresponding theoretical component. It follows that the functional mapping of response probability [which is measured) onto the state of a theoretical component (which is inferred) must be somehow specified if conclusions are to be meaningful. Depending on the nature of such a mapping, various types of results, particularly results involving interactions, may or may not be interpretable.     

On fineness of grain

A central job for propositions is to be the objects of the attitudes. Propositions are the things we doubt, believe and suppose. Some philosophers have thought that propositions are sets of possible worlds. But many have become convinced that such an account individuates propositions too coarsely. This raises the question of how finely propositions should be individuated. An account of how finely propositions should be individuated on which they are individuated very finely is sketched. Objections to the effect that the account individuates propositions too finely are raised and responses to the objections are provided. It is also shown that theories that try to individuate propositions less finely have serious problems.