Hermeneutical Dissent and the Species of Hermeneutical Injustice

According to Miranda Fricker, a hermeneutical injustice occurs when there is a deficit in our shared tools of social interpretation (the collective hermeneutical resource), such that marginalized social groups are at a disadvantage in making sense of their distinctive and important experiences. Critics have claimed that Fricker's account ignores or precludes a phenomenon I call hermeneutical dissent, where marginalized groups have produced their own interpretive tools for making sense of those experiences. I clarify the nature of hermeneutical injustice to make room for hermeneutical dissent, clearing up the structure of the collective hermeneutical resource and the fundamental harm of hermeneutical injustice. I then provide a more nuanced account of the hermeneutical resources in play in instances of hermeneutical injustice, enabling six species of the injustice to be distinguished. Finally, I reflect on the corrective virtue of hermeneutical justice in light of hermeneutical dissent.     

The Hermeneutical Agenda: Between Text and Reader

This paper addresses a specific chapter of Rollins' book in an attempt to critique the hermeneutical issue raised throughout his volume but particularly in chapter six. This issue is focused in a new way in Soul and Psyche, as it describes the history and possibilities of employing psychology as a new methodological screen with which to read and interpret the Bible.     

James Legge's Hermeneutical Methodology as Revealed in His Translation of the Daxue

With a focus on The Great Learning (Daxue大學),this paper explores the specific exegetical or hermeneutical methodology adopted by James Legge in his translation of this Confucian canonical text.It begins with an analysis of the translation theory endorsed by Legge,comparing his translation with those of Ku Hung-ming and Wing-tsit Chan.The second part aims to explicate the hermeneutic dilemma faced by Legge in his dealing with this text.It looks at the intellectual context in which Legge's scholarship on the Chinese classics had developed,as well as the academic standard he was required to maintain throughout his translation.Overall,Legge's familiarity with Qing scholarship makes it interesting to determine where and why he follows or rejects Zhu Xi.Given Legge's Christian missionary background and the sense of mission pervading Zhu Xi's commentary,we conclude that Legge's affinity with Zhu Xi is much more subtle and complex than previously speculated:the difference in their approach to Confucian texts cannot be reduced to a contrast between construction and deconstruction or between canonization and decanonization.     

The Body Grid as an Assessment Tool for Body Image

The aim of this study was to analyze the body grid (BG) as an assessment tool for body image in a sample of patients with breast cancer, after surgery. We explored two measures of cognitive structure, percentage of variance accounted for by the first factor (PVAFF) and polarization, and we compared measures of body image and body self-esteem obtained by means of the BG with those obtained via a validated body image questionnaire. Our sample was composed of 23 patients (12 subjected to radical mastectomy, 11 subjected to conserving surgery) and 24 healthy controls. Participants were administered the BG and the Multidimensional Body Self Relations Questionnaire (MBSRQ). We analyzed the similarities between instruments using correlations and nonparametric tests. We have also provided two case studies to exemplify the use of the BG.

?We found statistical differences in cognitive structure between patients and healthy controls. There were no differences between women subjected to mastectomy and women with breast conserving surgery in the level of PVAFF, but there were significant differences between them in the level of polarization. We found significant correlations between body image indices of both instruments, especially self-evaluated attractiveness (MBSRQ) and distance between real and ideal body (BG). We found similar distributions of these indices in all of the samples. We concluded that the BG provides useful information about body image. The results show that both instruments assess similar constructs. This suggests that the BG is a valid instrument for body image assessment.     

Hermeneutical Injustice and Liberatory Education

Hermeneutical injustice occurs when there is a gap in the interpretive resources available to members of a society due to the marginalization of members of a social group from sense‐making practices. In this paper, I address two questions about hermeneutical injustice that are undertheorized in the recent literature: (1) what do we mean when we say that someone lacks the interpretive resources for making sense of an experience? and (2) how do marginalized individuals develop interpretive resources? In response to (1), I argue that to lack interpretive resources is to lack conceptual skill or know how. In response to (2), I draw on resources from Gilbert Ryle and Andy Clark and provide a model of how marginalized individuals develop new conceptual skills by naming their shared experience and using it as a tool for scaffolding each other's conceptual performance. At the same time, I draw on the work of Gaile Pohlhaus and Kristie Dotson to show how these practices succeed only through the redistribution of epistemic power across differently situated social groups.     

The Human Body as Corpus Absconditum

ABSTRACT

One of the most compelling scientific issues of our generation is the Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence. The question of whether we are alone in the universe has long fascinated the media and the public and has received fresh momentum in the discovery of exoplanets, a small minority of which have Earth like characteristics. The discovery of life elsewhere in the universe, especially if it is intelligent, asks major but fruitful questions of the Christian tradition in areas such as creation, incarnation, redemption and the nature of what it means to be human. Theological work is needed now rather than being left as a future possibility.     

Hermeneutical clinical ethics: A commentary

Essays by Thomasma and ten Have recommend hermeneutical clinical ethics. The use Thomasma makes of hermeneutics is not radical enough because it leaves out basic interpretation of clinical practice and focuses narrowly on ethical principles and rules. Ten Have, while failing to notice that the hyperreality of clinical ethics is a feature of all language, rightly distinguishes four characteristic parameters of a thoroughgoing interpretive clinical ethics: experience, attitudes and emotions, community, and ambiguity. Suggestions are made for implementing hermeneutical ethics in clinical teaching.     

Category Attitude Measures: Exemplars as Inputs

The role of exemplars in formation of attitudes toward a category has, surprisingly, been ignored in prior consumer research. In the present research we seek to develop a better understanding of the relationship between category exemplars (e.g., the products in a brand category) and overall attitudes toward the category. Attitude measures that incorporate evaluations of individual branded products may be useful, both conceptually and practically, and can complement more traditional multi‐attribute measures of attitude. Across 3 studies we present evidence that a composite index of attitudes toward category exemplars, weighted by exemplar typicality, is related to overall category attitudes, sometimes more strongly than a traditional multi‐attribute index. We also demonstrate that elaboration upon the individual exemplars further strengthens the relationship between category attitudes and this composite index. Theoretical implications for attitude theory, as well as managerial implications, are discussed.     

What We Owe to Our Audience: The Hermeneutical Responsibility of Fiction Creators

As audiences demand better and more diverse representation in the fictions they consume, there is a question of how that demand should be placed on fiction creators. In this article, I answer this question by arguing creators of fiction have a hermeneutical responsibility to include diverse characters in their creations, and to do so without relying on harmful stereotypes. I cast this responsibility as the epistemic virtue of due diligence, offset by epistemic laziness and epistemic paralysis as the corresponding vices of absence and excess, respectively. Practicing either vice can constitute a type of hermeneutical gap described by Katharine Jenkins, in which harmful stereotypes (conceptions) become more accessible to epistemic agents than the more accurate concept. By blocking the agent's access to the accurate conception, such stereotypes create a hermeneutical gap and can contribute to hermeneutical injustices, as described by Miranda Fricker and José Medina.     

论《易传》对"豪放"美学范畴的影响

"豪放"美学范畴的成熟,主要受到<易传>美学思想的影响,它继承<易传>哲学的积极因素并在多方面达到了"刚柔并济"的美学境界.更为重要的是,<易传>所表现出的刚健积极的进取精神,是"豪放"主体最根本的处世姿态,也是"豪放"美学范畴最大的魅力和价值之所在.