ADR解决中国医患纠纷的可行性分析:医患双方的调查

目前我国医患关系紧张,医患纠纷解决机制是行政和司法为主的机制。有无更科学、合理、有效的解决办法。通过调查和理论分析,认为ADR应该成为我国解决医患纠纷的主要机制。协商是医生和患者最愿意采取的方式,仲裁和调解也是可行的,应该是我国医疗事故处理的有效补充。     

《劳动争议调解仲裁法》评析

劳动争议具有不同于一般民事纠纷的特征,需要有相适应的纠纷处理机制。《劳动争议调解仲裁法》是《劳动合同法》出台后为适应劳动争议处理的特别需要而制定实施的,对劳动调解及仲裁等诉讼外解决劳动争议的一系列规定,对有效解决劳动争议有积极意义,但针对我国劳动争议处理的需要,应当在完善劳动调解、提升劳动仲裁,理顺劳动诉讼机制等方面作进一步努力。     

对仲裁方式解决医疗纠纷的思考

现有的医疗纠纷处理机制难以有效化解矛盾;而仲裁具有中立、专业、经济等优势,可以适用于该领域。考察我国目前存在的医疗纠纷仲裁试点情况、参考劳动争议及土地承包纠纷仲裁之得失,科学合理地设置医疗纠纷仲裁制度:利用现有的仲裁机制,增设医学专家作为备选仲裁员,负责鉴定医疗行为正当性和裁决医疗侵权责任,实行自愿仲裁、一裁终局,给医患双方提供诉讼外化解矛盾的新选择,并减轻法院审理该类案件在专业知识和数量上的巨大压力。     

未来我国民事调解制度的发展

调解制度是我囤民事诉讼中最具中国特色的一项制度,它能够及时、彻底地解决民事权益争议,提高办棠效率,减少诉讼成本。近现代以来,许多国家高度重视纠纷解决机制的建立和完善,致力于简化诉讼程序,减轻司法负担,建立非诉解决纠纷机制。本文就我国的民事调解制度加以客观分析,与其他国家相应制度比较,提出建构设想。     

南京市医患纠纷人民调解机制研究

医患纠纷人民调解机制在南京已初步确立,得到了政府、医院、患者的三方认可,取得了一定的成效,从医患纠纷人民调解委员会调解的案例入手,了解南京市医患纠纷人民调解的实施现状,分析医患纠纷调解解决医患纠纷的优势、现有机制在实践中存在的问题并尝试提出完善现有机制的相应对策.     

不同类别医疗机构从业人员对处理医患冲突方式的认知与评价研究

采用问卷调查的方法,就广东省医疗机构从业人员对医患冲突处理方式的认知与评价进行数据收集并统计分析。结果显示,民营医疗机构、无等级医疗机构对私下和解、民间调解两种方式有着较高的认可度,而公立医疗机构更认可仲裁解决和法律诉讼;医疗机构类型与其样本人群看待民间调解的作用之间无显著性差异,各类医疗机构对民间调解均持有积极的态度。构建效率高、约束强且成本可以权衡的医患冲突处理方式,是解决当前医患冲突的关键。     

论医患纠纷诉讼应当着重调解

医患纠纷不是普通的民事纠纷,它不仅涉及到医患双方的私权之争,还涉及到社会公共利益;医患纠纷诉讼应当贯穿着重调解精神,并通过将调解设为必经程序、变通"事实清楚"的规定、明确进行调解的时间要求、调解不公开进行、由具有医学知识的法官承办等措施,在程序上保障其贯彻落实.     

军队医院医疗纠纷的发生及处置探讨

军队医院是医疗纠纷的高发单位,其原因包括多重的管理,部分医务人员能力素质不高,训练保障任务多,医院纠纷处理机制不健全、解决医疗纠纷的途径单一等.军队医院在纠纷中多数处于被动地位.因此,应建立积极有效的医疗机制和纠纷调解专业队伍,全面提高军队医务人员素质,加强医患沟通,从而减少医疗纠纷.     

论医疗纠纷中的替代性解决机制

由于在纠纷解决方面所表现出来的简便、经济、快捷、专业型及保密性强等优点,替代性纠纷解决机制逐渐成为许多国家和地区解决民事纠纷的一大趋势。根据我国所面临的现实情况,将ADR引入医疗纠纷领域是一条快速、有效地解决医疗纠纷的途径。医疗纠纷的替代性解决机制主要包括临时仲裁、调解、和解。这三种纠纷解决方式各具特点,适用于不同情况下医疗纠纷的解决。     

医疗纠纷的解决机制

近年来,医疗纠纷呈上升趋势,不仅是医疗界和学术界关注的焦点和热点问题,而且已成为整个社会和政府极为关注并亟待解决的课题。在现有的法院诉讼、协商解决、行政调解等医疗纠纷解决机制下,应尽快建立医事仲裁制度,为解决医疗纠纷开辟新的途径。     

Argument and alternative dispute resolution systems

Alternative dispute resolution occurs outside the litigation process. The alternative dispute resolution (ADR) movement in North America has emphasized viable alternatives to the litigation framework, such as arbitration, mediation, med-arb, multi-party facilitation, non-legal negotiation, mini-trials, administrative hearings, private judging (renta-judge), fact finding, and moderated settlement conferences. This essay addresses argument in the dominant alternatives: arbitration, mediation, and multi-party facilitation. Prior to comparing argument in these ADR systems, each will be briefly described.     

论行政调解的法制建构

行政调解是我国调解制度的重要构成部分,是"大调解"纠纷解决机制的重要环节,对解决社会纠纷、化解社会矛盾具有特殊重要的地位和功能。但是我国行政调解法律制度至今尚未建立起来。本文认为,我国调解法律制度建设的目标是在《人民调解法》的基础上,制定统一的《调解法》,建构较为完备的调解法律制度。当前的重点是建立和完善行政调解制度,建议在《调解法》制定之前由国务院制定《行政调解条例》,建立较为完整的行政调解法律制度,国务院行政法规制定以前,各省、自治区、直辖市人大常委会可以先行制定行政调解的地方性法规,将行政调解纳入法治轨道。进而,本文围绕构建我国行政调解法律制度,对我国行政调解的概念界定、行政调解主体、行政调解的范围、行政调解的基本原则、行政调解的程序和行政调解协议的法律效力等问题进行了较为系统的探讨。     

从"胡为民现象"看我国医疗领域的社会失范

随着我国经济体制的转型,由于市场机制的引进和发展不规范,医药卫生体制改革不成熟,在医疗领域出现了很多失范的现象.透过"胡为民现象",分析了我国医疗领域社会失范的特点和原因,并针对原因提出了防治医疗领域社会失范的意见和措施     

"仁"——医德的元德

医德是医学道德的简称,具言之,它是指医务人员在医疗卫生服务的职业活动中应该具备的仁爱、救死扶伤等的品德,是道德德目在医务人员身上的内化,也是对医务人员必须具备的最起码的要求.我们评价一个医生,首先是直面他的医德,医德是医生形象的体现,没有医德的医生即使技艺再高超,也算不上一个完整意义上的医生,"无德不成医".事实上一个医德低下的医生,他的技艺也不会高超的.     

The role of the self-concept and the social context in determining the behavior of power holders: self-construal in intergroup versus dyadic dispute resolution negotiations

In this work, the authors explored how a person's view of himself or herself might determine his or her use of power in a complex dispute resolution negotiation. In 3 studies of asymmetric power in negotiations, the authors demonstrated that the impact of power on motivation and behavior is moderated by both a person's self-view and the social context. In Study 1, the results revealed that in a one-on-one dispute, powerful individuals primed to hold an interdependent (as opposed to independent) self-construal are more generous in resolving their disputes with low-powered opponents. Study 2 replicated this finding but revealed a different pattern in intergroup disputes, in which powerful interdependent teams of negotiators are actually less generous than are independent teams. Study 3 provided a conceptual replication of Study 2, with the use of chronic measures of self-construal and self-reported measures of behavior. Results suggest that an interdependent self-construal may lead to a more benevolent use of power in dyadic conflicts but more exploitive uses of power in intergroup conflicts. Implications for the understanding of power and self-construal are discussed.     

对构筑和谐处理医疗纠纷事件模式的初步探索

当今社会医患矛盾日益突出,尤其在发生医疗纠纷时,存在着患方冲击医院的现象,医院迫切需要和谐处理医疗纠纷事件的参考模式,与政府倡导的和谐社会理念接轨。对和谐处理医疗纠纷模式方面作一初步的探索,包括人性化的处理流程,院方相关处理、接待人员应具备的素质、心态及处理时的注意事项等,与同仁共同探讨。     

Predicting the decision to pursue mediation in civil disputes: a hierarchical classes analysis

Clients (N = 185) involved in civil court cases completed the CPR Institute's Mediation Screen, which is designed to assist in making a decision about pursuing mediation. The authors modeled data using hierarchical classes analysis (HICLAS), a clustering algorithm that places clients into 1 set of classes and CPRMS items into another set of classes. HICLAS then links the sets of classes so that any class of clients can be identified in terms of the classes of items they endorsed. HICLAS-derived item classes reflected 2 underlying themes: (a) suitability of the dispute for a problem-solving process and (b) potential benefits of mediation. All clients who perceived that mediation would be beneficial also believed that the context of their conflict was favorable to mediation; however, not all clients who saw a favorable context believed they would benefit from mediation. The majority of clients who agreed to pursue mediation endorsed items reflecting both contextual suitability and perceived benefits of mediation.