共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
This longitudinal investigation examined the effects of maternal depression and concomitant negative parenting behaviors on
children’s emotion regulation patterns and socioemotional functioning. One hundred fifty-one mothers and their children were
assessed when children were approximately 1 1/2-, 3-, 4-, and 5-years of age. Ninety-three of the children had mothers with
a history of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) that had occurred within the first 21 months of the child’s birth, and 58 of
the children had mothers without any history of MDD. Early-occurring Initial maternal depression predicted children’s dysregulated
emotion patterns at age 4 and decreased perceived competence ratings at age 5. Initial maternal depression also indirectly
predicted decreased child social acceptance ratings at age 5 through its association with dysregulated emotion patterns. Furthermore,
the relation between maternal depression and children’s decreased social acceptance was more pronounced in those offspring
with a history of high versus low maternal negativity exposure. Findings increase understanding of the processes by which
maternal depression confers risk on children’s socioemotional adjustment. 相似文献
2.
Amori Yee Mikami Allison Jack Christina C. Emeh Haley F. Stephens 《Journal of abnormal child psychology》2010,38(6):721-736
We examined associations between children’s peer relationships and (a) their parents’ social competence as well as (b) their
parents’ behaviors during the children’s peer interactions. Participants were families of 124 children ages 6–10 (68% male),
62 with ADHD and 62 age- and sex-matched comparison youth. Children’s peer relationships were assessed via parent and teacher
report, and sociometric nominations in a lab-based playgroup. Parental characteristics were assessed via parent self-report
and observations of behavior during their child’s playgroup. After statistical control of relevant covariates, parents of
children with ADHD reported poorer social skills of their own, arranged fewer playdates for their children, and displayed
more criticism during their child’s peer interaction than did parents of comparison youth. Parents’ socialization with other
parents and facilitation of the child’s peer interactions predicted their children having good peer relationships as reported
by teachers and peers, whereas parental corrective feedback to the child and praise predicted poor peer relationships. Parents’
ratings of their child’s social skills were positively associated with ratings of their own social skills, but negatively
associated with criticism and facilitation of the child’s peer interactions. Relationships between parental behaviors and
peer relationships were stronger for youth with ADHD than for comparison youth. The relevance of findings to interventions
is discussed. 相似文献
3.
Elder JH Donaldson SO Kairalla J Valcante G Bendixen R Ferdig R Self E Walker J Palau C Serrano M 《Journal of child and family studies》2011,20(3):263-271
Literature regarding fathers of children with autism remains sparse, and because mothers are the more common intervening parent,
few training methods have focused on fathers. Thus, we sought to evaluate effects of in-home training directed at fathers
and their ability to train mothers in the same manner in which they were trained. Fathers were taught four skills commonly
associated with in-home training interventions for parents of children with autism: following the child’s lead, imitation
with animation, commenting on the child, and expectant waiting. Father skills were evaluated twice a week for 12 weeks during
videotaped in-home father–child play sessions. Analyses included visual inspection of graphed data and statistical analyses
of father skill acquisition, mother skill acquisition, and child behaviors with both parents. A multivariate repeated measures
analysis of 18 dyads revealed significant increases in frequencies of fathers’ imitation with animation, expectant waiting,
and commenting on the child. Child initiating rates increased significantly as did frequencies of child non-speech vocalizations.
Analysis of mothers revealed significant increases in frequencies of imitation with animation, expectant waiting, and following
the child’s lead. Child behaviors had similar results for father and mother sessions. Findings are consistent with those from
our first study indicating that fathers can effectively implement skills that promote father–child social interactions and
that children respond positively to this approach. 相似文献
4.
Sara F. Waters Elita A. Virmani Ross A. Thompson Sara Meyer H. Abigail Raikes Rachel Jochem 《Journal of psychopathology and behavioral assessment》2010,32(1):37-47
This study examined the association between the security of attachment and processes influencing the development of emotion
regulation in young children. A sample of 73 4 1/2-year-olds and their mothers were observed in an emotion regulation probe
involving mild frustration for children, and mothers and children were later independently interviewed about how the child
had felt. Fewer than half the mothers agreed with children’s self-reports in the emotion they attributed to children (a lower
rate than the concordance of observer ratings with children’s self-reports), and higher mother-child concordance was associated
with secure attachment and mother’s beliefs about the importance of attending to and accepting their own emotions. Mother-child
conversations about recent events evoking children’s negative emotion were also analyzed. Children were less likely to avoid
conversing about negative feelings when they were in secure attachments and when mothers were more validating of the child’s
perspective. Children’s greater understanding of negative emotions was also significantly associated with higher mother-child
concordance and less child conversational avoidance. Taken together, these findings underscore the multiple influences of
attachment on emotion regulation and the importance of children’s emotion understanding to these processes. 相似文献
5.
Kam CM Greenberg MT Bierman KL Coie JD Dodge KA Foster ME Lochman JE McMahon RJ Pinderhughes EE;Conduct Problems Prevention Research Group 《Journal of abnormal child psychology》2011,39(3):365-377
This longitudinal study examined processes that mediate the association between maternal depressive symptoms and peer social
preference during the early school years. Three hundred and fifty six kindergarten children (182 boys) and their mothers participated
in the study. During kindergarten, mothers reported their level of depressive symptomatology. In first grade, teachers rated
children’s emotion regulation at school and observers rated the affective quality of mother-child interactions. During second
grade, children’s social preference was assessed by peer nomination. Results indicated that mothers’ level of depressive symptomatology
negatively predicted their child’s social preference 2 years later, controlling for the family SES and teacher-rated social
preference during kindergarten. Among European American families, the association between maternal depressive symptoms and
social preference was partially mediated by maternal warmth and the child’s emotion regulation. Although the relation between
maternal depressive symptoms and children peer preference was stronger among African American families than Europrean American
families, its mediation by the maternal warmth and child’s emotion regulation was not found in African American families. 相似文献
6.
Andrea V. McPherson Kristen M. Lewis Amy E. Lynn Mary E. Haskett Tara S. Behrend 《Journal of child and family studies》2009,18(1):61-69
We examined a model of parenting stress for abusive mothers (n = 80) and nonabusive mothers (n = 86) using linear regression analyses. Predictors in the model included (a) the degree to which mothers were bothered by
child misbehavior, (b) mothers’ general psychological functioning, and (c) observed child behavior during parent–child interactions.
Whether abuse status moderated the relations between each predictor and parenting stress was also explored. Results indicated
that mothers’ psychological functioning significantly predicted parenting stress; however, neither mothers’ intolerance for
their children’s misbehavior nor observed child behavior were significant predictors of parenting stress in the regression
model. A test of moderation revealed a significant interaction between parental intolerance and abuse status such that intolerance
predicted parenting stress level only for abusive mothers. A comparison of correlations indicated that abusive mothers’ level
of parenting stress was more closely related to their intolerance for child conduct problems than to the child’s behavior
during play with their mothers. Findings are discussed in terms of implications for interventions to reduce parenting stress
experienced by nonabusive and abusive mothers. 相似文献
7.
The current study investigated the influence of maternal ADHD symptoms on: (a) mothers’ own social functioning; (b) their
child’s social functioning; and (c) parent–child interactions following a lab-based playgroup involving children and their
peers. Participants were 103 biological mothers of children ages 6–10. Approximately half of the children had ADHD, and the
remainder were comparison youth. After statistical control of children’s ADHD diagnostic status and mothers’ educational attainment,
mothers’ own inattentive ADHD symptoms predicted poorer self-reported social skills. Children with ADHD were reported to have
more social problems by parents and teachers, as well as received fewer positive sociometric nominations from playgroup peers
relative to children without ADHD. After control of child ADHD status, higher maternal inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity
each predicted children having more parent-reported social problems; maternal inattention predicted children receiving more
negative sociometric nominations from playgroup peers. There were interactions between maternal ADHD symptoms and children’s
ADHD diagnostic status in predicting some child behaviors and parent–child relationship measures. Specifically, maternal inattention
was associated with decreased prosocial behavior for children without ADHD, but did not influence the prosocial behavior of
children with ADHD. Maternal inattention was associated with mothers’ decreased corrective feedback and, at a trend level,
decreased irritability toward their children with ADHD, but there was no relationship between maternal inattention and maternal
behaviors for children without ADHD. A similar pattern was observed for maternal hyperactivity/impulsivity and mothers’ observed
irritability towards their children. Treatment implications of findings are discussed. 相似文献
8.
Felber M Schabmann A Inschlag N Karesch L Ponocny-Seliger E Friedrich MH Völkl-Kernstock S 《Journal of clinical psychology in medical settings》2011,18(4):400-409
Using the example of a voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG), a painful radiological procedure, this study investigated whether
parental soothing behavior (reassuring comments like “it’s almost over” or “You’re O.K.” and soothing by “sh, sh”) in one
phase of the procedure influenced the child’s distress in the following phase. The sample was comprised of 68 2–8 year-old
children and the accompanying parent(s). Child and parental behavior during the VCUG was coded using a standardized rating
scale (CAMPIS-R). Parental reassurance during the anticipatory phase significantly increased the child’s distress of the following
phase, while parental “sh, sh” significantly reduced it. Both parental behaviors showed no significant effect on the child’s
distress of the following phase when applied during the procedure itself. Results underline the importance of differentiating
between anticipatory and procedural phases of the VCUG. Counselling methods for parents on more appropriate strategies to
assist their children during procedural phases of the VCUG are necessary. 相似文献
9.
Geri M. Lotze Neeraja Ravindran Barbara J. Myers 《Journal of child and family studies》2010,19(6):702-713
Children with incarcerated mothers are at high risk for developing problem behaviors. Fifty children (6–12 years; 62% girls)
participated in summer camps, along with adult mentors. Regression analyses of child and adult measures of child’s emotion
self-regulation and callous-unemotional traits, and a child measure of moral emotions, showed that poor emotion regulation,
along with low levels of guilt and high levels of shame, predicted children’s externalizing behaviors, while only low levels
of guilt predicted a unique subset of child characteristics called callous-unemotional traits. Children who experienced healthy
guilt for misdeeds were better able to control their behavior. Adults noted the ability of children with callous/unemotional
traits to manage and regulate their emotions, while poor emotion regulation was more predictive of the cluster of externalizing
problems. Discussion focuses on prevention efforts aimed at teaching emotion self-regulation and the implications of the high
levels of callous-unemotional traits in this population of children. 相似文献
10.
Nataliya Zelikovsky Aileen P. Schast Daphnee Jean-Francois 《Journal of clinical psychology in medical settings》2007,14(4):320-329
The current study examined the degree of parent stress and depression among mothers and fathers of children with end-stage
renal disease (ESRD) listed for a kidney transplant, to determine whether demographic factors, stress, and coping would predict
parent depression. Eighty-six mothers and 58 fathers of children with ESRD preparing for a kidney transplant completed standardized
measures of parent stress related to the child’s chronic illness (PIP), coping style (Brief Cope), and depression (BDI-II).
Information about the disease was obtained from the medical record. Maternal depression was predicted by having a lower family
income, higher degree of parent stress associated with the child’s illness, and the use of avoidant coping strategies. Paternal
depression was only predicted by higher parent stress. Illness related variables did not contribute significantly to the understanding
of parent outcomes. Pre-transplant evaluations should screen for elevated levels of stress and depression, and develop interventions
to help parents cope with their child’s renal disease. 相似文献
11.
We investigated the influence of self-reported parental romantic attachment status and rearing behaviors on children’s self-reported
attachment (in)security towards father and mother in a sample of 237 non-clinical children aged 9–12. All children and their
parents completed a single-item measure of attachment style. The parents further completed an index of their authoritative,
authoritarian, and permissive rearing behaviors. Results showed that the attachment status of the father was significantly
related to the child’s attachment style to the father. Further, children who portray themselves as insecurely attached to
their fathers have fathers with lower average authoritative scores compared to children who are securely attached to their
fathers. In examining the relative contribution of attachment style and rearing behaviors of the parents, insecure attachment
status of the father was still significantly related to insecure attachment style of the child but the effect of authoritative
rearing behaviors of the father on attachment (in)security of children was not statistically significant anymore. Altogether,
these results support the notion that attachment status of the father was most substantially associated with self-reported
insecure attachment of children. 相似文献
12.
Deborah Dewey Susan G. Crawford 《Journal of clinical psychology in medical settings》2007,14(3):219-226
This study investigated the correlates of psychosocial adjustment in mothers and fathers of children with chronic disease.
Participants were 20 mothers and 15 fathers of children with cystic fibrosis, 11 mothers and 9 fathers of children with muscular
dystrophy, 18 mothers and 9 fathers of children with asthma, 13 mothers and 8 fathers of children with Type 1 diabetes and
19 mothers and 11 fathers of healthy children. Questionnaires relating to the variables of interest were used. Poorer levels
of adjustment were associated with lower levels of social support and family cohesion for mothers and coping by understanding
the child’s medical situation, more family life events and lower family cohesion for fathers. These findings suggest that
the correlates associated with maternal and paternal psychological adjustment to chronic childhood disease differ. These differences
are important to consider when providing care to children with chronic disease and their families. 相似文献
13.
This study sought to examine the mechanisms employed by mothers as they engage in teaching their children to remember the
names of characters, how to wrap a gift, and the location of zoo animals. The specific relationships included an examination
of mothers’ pre-teaching instructions, mothers’ use of memory strategies, child strategy use and the child’s correct performance.
Participants were 25 mothers and their four-year-old preschoolers. Results suggest that maternal preteaching instructions
vary in complexity depending on the nature of the information being taught. In addition, mothers employ a variety of task-dependent
memory strategies. In contrast to mothers, the children use proportionately fewer strategies than their mothers. However,
their use of strategies is effective in helping them recall names, order, and location. Implications for adult guidance in
assisting preschoolers with developing regulatory memory skills are discussed. 相似文献
14.
This study sought to examine the mechanisms employed by mothers as they engage in teaching their children to remember the
names of characters, how to wrap a gift, and the location of zoo animals. The specific relationships included an examination
of mothers’ pre-teaching instructions, mothers’ use of memory strategies, child strategy use and the child’s correct performance.
Participants were 25 mothers and their four-year-old preschoolers. Results suggest that maternal preteaching instructions
vary in complexity depending on the nature of the information being taught. In addition, mothers employ a variety of task-dependent
memory strategies. In contrast to mothers, the children use proportionately fewer strategies than their mothers. However,
their use of strategies is effective in helping them recall names, order, and location. Implications for adult guidance in
assisting preschoolers with developing regulatory memory skills are discussed. 相似文献
15.
Michael W. Beets Randy Vogel Stanley Chapman Kenneth H. Pitetti Bradley J. Cardinal 《Sex roles》2007,56(1-2):125-131
In this study we examined the relationships among parental social supportive behaviors for children’s weekday and weekend
outdoor physical activity (OPA). Thirty-nine girls and 29 boys 8 to 11 years wore pedometers for 7 days. Sixty-five mothers
and 50 fathers responded to a social support questionnaire about OPA that was comprised of four dimensions: encouragement,
playing with, use of activity as family recreation, and watch. After controlling for age and sport participation, regression
analyses indicated that mothers’ use of activity as recreation was positively associated with girls’ weekday OPA. On the weekend,
fathers’ play with son was positively related to OPA. The effectiveness of family-based activity interventions depends on
when parents have opportunities to be present for their child’s activity and gender differences in the support provided. 相似文献
16.
We investigate maternal attitudes toward corporal punishment and the attribution of blame to the child on the basis of data
gathered from a population survey of a representative sample of mothers and mother figures. A total of 3,148 women living
at least half of the time with a child participated in a telephone survey. The independent variables included in the multivariate
model predicting maternal attitudes and attributions include the child’s, the mother’s and the family’s characteristics and
social support. Results of the multiple regression analysis demonstrate the unique contribution of variables according to
the mother’s characteristics (mother’s sensitivity to the consequences of violence, mother’s experience of childhood violence
and parental stress related to child’s temperament). These results partially support the importance of prevention programs
that would reduce stress and increase the level of parental empathy through the means of parental training. 相似文献
17.
Hannu Räty 《Social Psychology of Education》2011,14(3):347-360
This study set out to explore the contribution of parents’ own school memories to the way they remembered their child’s school
years and took part in his/her schooling. The respondents were a group of academically and vocationally educated fathers and
mothers (N = 326), who participated in a full 9-year follow-up study of their child’s schooling. The parents’ own school memories were
found to direct their recollection of their child’s school years in a selectively and evaluatively consistent way, especially
among the fathers and the vocationally educated parents. For example, the parents with negative recollections tended to help
their child to prepare for tests more frequently than parents with more positive recollections did. Parental school memories
seem to function like a general educational attitude in that they relate widely to the parents’ perceptions and actions concerning
their child’s schooling. 相似文献
18.
L P Burkett 《Family process》1991,30(4):421-434
This research explored links between a childhood history of family sexual abuse and current parenting behaviors of mothers of school-age children, using observations of family interaction and interviews with the mothers. Videotaped family interaction tasks, analyzed with Benjamin's Structural Analysis of Social Behavior, showed that women who had been sexually abused in their childhood families were more self-focused, rather than child-focused, compared to nonabused women. In interviews, the women who had been abused gave strong evidence of greater reliance on their children for emotional support. These findings lend support to theoretical and clinical impressions of highly permeable intergenerational boundaries, including parent-child role reversal, in family systems marked by child sexual abuse, even when the abuse occurred in the previous generation. 相似文献
19.
Annika Lindahl Norberg 《Journal of clinical psychology in medical settings》2007,14(2):130-137
The aim of this paper was to investigate the occurrence of burnout among parents of brain tumour survivors. Burnout was assessed
in 24 mothers and 20 fathers of childhood brain tumour survivors, using the Shirom–Melamed Burnout Questionnaire. Parents
of children with no history of chronic or serious diseases served as a reference group. Mothers’ burnout scores were significantly
higher compared with reference mothers. For fathers, no relation between burnout and being a parent of a brain tumour survivor
was established, despite a nonsignificant tendency in the same direction as for the mothers. In conclusion, the parenting
burden after a child’s brain tumour may include chronic strain, and this may be particularly taxing for mothers. The findings
encourage further studies of psychological exhaustion among parents of children with special needs. 相似文献
20.
We studied associations among parents’ gender role attitudes, gender stereotyping in children’s environments, and children’s
gender role attitudes and whether these associations were similar for families with lesbian and heterosexual parents. Fifty-seven
4- to 6-year-olds and 114 parents from the US participated. Parents completed self-report questionnaires and responded to
interview questions. Researchers collected data regarding the child’s environment and attitudes about gender. Results revealed
that children with lesbian mothers had less stereotyped environments and less traditional attitudes. Parental attitudes were
associated with stereotyping in children’s environments and with children’s attitudes about gender. Both for lesbian and heterosexual
parents, the impact of parents’ attitudes on children’s attitudes was partially mediated by the nature of children’s environments. 相似文献