共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 46 毫秒
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在佛教的历史上,曾有过四次大的典籍结集,这四次大结集对佛教的繁荣、发展起了巨大的推动作用。第一次结集——“王舍城结集”佛陀生前所宣讲的教义并无书面记载,亦无文字戒律,一切由佛陀亲自统领,对僧众提倡和为本、事事从众、从法的原则。佛陀去世后,有些僧侣不愿接受戒律约束,对教义佛经亦有所曲解。为此佛陀的入室弟子认为有必要召集会议,统一教义与重申戒律。于是佛陀的大弟子迦叶于摩羯陀国都王舍城郊的七叶窟召集500长老进行了第一次结集,史称“王舍城结集”。由佛陀弟子阿难和优波离分别背诵经、律,然后相互校正。因佛陀在世时仅口… 相似文献
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本文从"戒体"最初含义与印度戒律学哲学特征、"戒体"范畴与中国戒律学的思维方式转型、"戒体"范畴的地位与中国戒律学体系三个方面探讨了戒律学中国化的历程。从印度戒律学向中国戒律学的转变,本质上是从因果业报戒律学体系向体用戒律学体系的转变。"戒四科"在戒体与戒法、戒行、戒相三者之间建立了本体与作用、功能、属性,本质与现象,知与行的多重关系,由此构建了有中国特色的佛教戒律学体系。中国哲学的体用思维方式是实现从印度戒律学到中国戒律学转变的理论通道,由此赋予了佛教戒律新的神圣性、权威性和真理性。 相似文献
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正佛教的寺、僧依所属宗派不同,可分为不同的类型,自唐宋以来"禅"、"讲"、"律"三分天下寺院,乃为定式。所谓"禅",指禅寺、禅僧,由禅僧住持,代表禅僧宗尚虚寂;所谓"讲",指讲寺(是天台、华严、唯识、净土诸宗寺院之通称)、教僧,由教僧住持,代表教僧精研释典;所谓"律",指律寺、律僧,由律师住持,专门学习和弘扬戒律,代表律僧严行戒律,此 相似文献
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从释迦牟尼于公元前六世纪创立佛教之后,直到公元前一世纪的近五百年的漫长岁月里,佛经三藏,一直是靠师徒相承、口口相传而保存和传播的.虽然于公元前五世纪后期、公元前四世纪后期和公元前三世纪中期举行过三次大结集,但都没有提出将三藏经记录成书的问题.到公元前一世纪,这样师徒相传到第三十七代的时候,在斯里兰卡的阿卢寺举行了佛教史上的第四次大结集,参加结集的五百罗汉将全部三藏经文及其注疏刻写在棕椭叶上,装订成贝叶经典,完成了一项具有历史意义的巨大工程,为佛教文化的保存、传播和发展做出了杰出的贡献. 相似文献
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大乘与小乘教外有教,教内有派,佛教也不例外。同是佛教,却有大乘佛教与小乘佛教之别。虽然在五台山历史上流传的佛教主要是大乘佛教,但它何以名大乘,它与小乘有何区别,仍有了解之必要。自从释迦牟尼创建佛教之后,开始了佛教史上的“原始佛教”时期(约公元前六、五世纪至公元前四世纪中叶),也就是释迦牟尼与他的弟子们积极活动,宣传、发展佛教的时期。释迦牟尼死后不久,他们的传承 相似文献
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The paper examines two related concepts utilized by two different schools of family therapy. Any family seen to be "enmeshed" is also seen as "fused," and vice versa. The difference in the level of focus, on the "system containing the individuals" (structural) or the "individual in the system" (fusion), determines the difference in therapeutic approach of these two schools. 相似文献
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形而上学有两个密切相关的内在向度,就是本体论向度与伦理学向度.在哲学史上,哲学家们之所以在"追求形而上学"的同时,又总是"反形而上学",并非是人们的形上本性出了问题,而是因为人们总是将形而上学视为单纯的"一维性",总是用一个向度来取代或遮蔽另一个向度.而所谓的"后形而上学思想",也并不是消解了形而上学,而是指形而上学从"本体论向度"转向了"伦理学向度". 相似文献
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Andrew Norris 《Metaphilosophy》2004,35(3):249-272
Abstract: In the Aristotelian tradition, politics is a matter of public deliberation over questions of justice and injustice. The Bush administration's response to the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, has been uniformly hostile to this notion, and it has instead promoted a jingoistic politics of self‐assertion by an America largely identified with the executive branch of its government. This is doubly disturbing, as the executive branch has sought to free itself from international law, multinational commitments, and domestic judicial regulation, even as it has sought to validate itself by demonizing its enemies. This essay draws out the disturbing echoes here of Carl Schmitt's work of the 1920s, in particular of Schmitt's conception of the sovereign as the ungrounded ground of the law and the political as the site of mortal conflict between friend and enemy. The essay argues that Schmitt's position in the twenties, for all of its evident problems, is superior to that of Bush, Wolfowitz, and Ashcroft in at least two senses: Schmitt condemns the idea of waging war for profit and recognizes that such wars will often be disguised as moral crusades waged against the “inhuman”; and he acknowledges that claiming to fight a war for humanity denies one's enemies their humanity, leaving them open to torture and even extermination. 相似文献
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谁都知道,在古老的中国,不管是衙门、宫殿、庙宇的门前,还是豪宅、大户人家的门口,人们都能看到摆着一对石狮。据说,这对石狮子在许多中国人的心目中,它不但是一种气派的象征,而且还是一种被人认为是好的“吉祥物”。如今,旧时的衙门没有了,但遗留下来的宫殿、庙宇的门前,其中有些石狮仍有保存。然而,想像不到的是,这号称“吉祥物”的石狮今天却开始“走”进某些党政机关的大门口,它们(石狮)在那里时时都在保护着这些政府要员“平平安安”、“吉祥如意”。这不仅使我联想起一些极端的报道,有些政府官员为升迁,请算命先生定位,用风水术为政府… 相似文献
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The paper presents an argument against a metaphysical conception of logic according to which logic spells out a specific kind of mathematical structure that is somehow inherently related to our factual reasoning. In contrast, it is argued that it is always an empirical question as to whether a given mathematical structure really does captures a principle of reasoning. (More generally, it is argued that it is not meaningful to replace an empirical investigation of a thing by an investigation of its a priori analyzable structure without paying due attention to the question of whether it really is the structure of the thing in question.) It is proposed to elucidate the situation by distinguishing two essentially different realms with which our reason must deal: the realm of the natural, constituted by the things of our empirical world, and the realm of the formal, constituted by the structures that we use as prisms to view, to make sense of, and to reconstruct the world. It is suggested that this vantage point may throw light on many foundational problems of logic. 相似文献
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1993年9月,6500名来自世界各地的不同宗教信仰的人士和一些非宗教组织的代表,在美国芝加哥举行的“世界宗教议会”上通过了一份《全球伦理宣言》。《宣言》认为,各种宗教之间已经有一种共同之处,它可以成为一种全球伦理的基础;这种“全球伦理”, “指的是对一些有约束性的价值观、一些不可取消的标准和人格态度的一种基本共识”; 《宣言》指出:“没有新的全球伦理,便没有新的全球秩序”。 相似文献
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Terrorism Between "Syndrome" and "Tool" 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
ABSTRACT— Two psychological views of terrorism are described, approaching it as a "syndrome" and as a "tool" respectively. Research thus far found little support for the syndrome view. The heterogeneity of terrorism's users is consistent with the tool view, affording an analysis of terrorism in terms of goal–means psychology. 相似文献
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由“教”与“治”共同托举“政”是中国“政-治”思想的主体。治的承担主体“君”与教的承担主体“师”与“士”,在命名上存在内在关联。“君”与“君子”以“群”立义,最终指向相互影响和相互作用-共同体,也就是教学的共同体,真正意义上的政治生活便在于开发这种共同体。 相似文献