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1.
Toomela A 《Integrative psychological & behavioral science》2007,41(2):198-207
In this paper I suggest that to better understand knowledge construction in science, and the role of social processes and
collaboration in it, it is useful to distinguish between “elaborative knowledge” and “emergent knowledge.” Elaborative knowledge
is constructed for solving clearly defined problems in established theoretical frameworks, and emergent knowledge refers to
the knowledge constructed to reach a hierarchically higher and more complex level of scientific understanding. There are also
two types of collaboration. On the one hand there is “dialogical collaboration” in which team members contribute to reaching
the common clearly defined objective so that a team as a whole becomes qualitatively more complex than its members alone.
On the other hand there is “unidirectional collaboration” where the result of collaboration is determined by one person, should
be distinguished. There is evidence from multiple perspectives indicating that “elaborative knowledge” can be developed in
both kinds of collaboration and sometimes ‘dialogical collaboration” is necessary for knowledge construction. However, for
building “emergent knowledge,” it is argued, only individual or “unidirectional collaboration” is productive, and “dialogical
collaboration” can hinder or even prevent the construction of this kind of knowledge.
相似文献
Aaro ToomelaEmail: |
2.
Vincenzo Costa 《Husserl Studies》2008,24(3):231-241
The recent discovery of a mirror neuron system sets a challenge for a philosophy of experience such as phenomenology, because
in humans and monkeys the mirror system seems to transform seen actions into an inner representation of these actions. This
paper tries to outline the guidelines of a transcendental-phenomenological analysis of alterity, different from empirical
research. The transcendental research must provide a criterion for interpreting the results of empirical science. On this
basis the paper compares the phenomenological analysis of alterity with some results of neuroscientific research. It is argued
that Edmund Husserl presents an analysis that enables us to avoid misinterpretations of the role and function of the mirror
neuron system.
相似文献
Vincenzo CostaEmail: |
3.
In this introduction we discuss the motivation behind the workshop “Towards a New Epistemology of Mathematics” of which this
special issue constitutes the proceedings. We elaborate on historical and empirical aspects of the desired new epistemology,
connect it to the public image of mathematics, and give a summary and an introduction to the contributions to this issue.
相似文献
Bernd BuldtEmail: |
Benedikt L?we (Corresponding author)Email: |
Thomas MüllerEmail: |
4.
Don Ihde 《Human Studies》2008,31(1):1-9
This introduction to the special issue of Human Studies on postphenomenology outlines specific developments which have led to this style of phenomenology. Postphenomenology adapts
aspects of pragmatism, including its anti-Cartesian program against early modern subject/object epistemology. Postphenomenology
retains and emphasizes the use of phenomenological variations as an analytic tool, and in practice postphenomenology takes
what is commonly now called “an empirical turn,” which deeply analyzes case studies or concrete issues under its purview.
相似文献
Don IhdeEmail: |
5.
Shannon Vallor 《Phenomenology and the Cognitive Sciences》2009,8(1):1-15
Dennett’s recent defense in this journal of the heterophenomenological method and its supposed advantages over Husserlian
phenomenology is premised on his problematic account of the epistemological and ontological status of phenomenological states.
By employing Husserl’s philosophy of science to clarify the relationship between phenomenology and evidence and the implications
of this relationship for the empirical identification of ‘real’ conscious states, I argue that the naturalistic account of
consciousness Dennett hopes for could be authoritative as a science only by virtue of the very phenomenological evidences
Dennett’s method consigns to the realm of fiction. Thus heterophenomenology, qua scientific method, is incoherent.
相似文献
Shannon VallorEmail: |
6.
Laura Sparaci 《Phenomenology and the Cognitive Sciences》2008,7(2):203-223
Autistic spectrum disorders impair the ability to interact socially. Detecting and understanding their onset is not only an
empirical enterprise, but also a theoretical one, often linked to studies on intersubjectivity. Different theoretical perspectives
have been elaborated in the past to account for the deficit. The main purpose of this paper is to reinforce and offer empirical
grounding to a recent approach, termed Social Orienting Model, by presenting the main theoretical approaches to autism and
contrasting them to this view, as well as considering its possible effect on empirical research, focusing on current literature
analyzing gestures in children with autism.
相似文献
Laura SparaciEmail: |
7.
8.
Shaun Gallagher 《Continental Philosophy Review》2008,41(2):163-178
The embodied, embedded, enactive, and extended approaches to cognition explicate many important details for a phenomenology
of perception, and are consistent with some of the traditional phenomenological analyses. Theorists working in these areas,
however, often fail to provide an account of how intersubjectivity might relate to perception. This paper suggests some ways
in which intersubjectivity is important for an adequate account of perception.
相似文献
Shaun GallagherEmail: |
9.
10.
According to Self-Determination Theory, feelings of relatedness and value of a behavior are critical factors that affect internalization
and integration. The purpose of the current study was to identify factors that influence relatedness and value in an academic
setting. Specifically, the study investigated the effects of autonomy, mastery goals, performance-approach goals, and performance-avoidance
goals, on two dependent variables: relatedness to the professor and value of the course. Participants were 222 undergraduate
students (90 males) enrolled in introductory psychology classes. Linear regression analyses showed a statistically significant
effect of mastery goals and autonomy on relatedness such that higher scores were associated with greater relatedness. A similar
pattern emerged for value. Neither performance-approach nor performance-avoidance goals were significantly associated with
relatedness or value. Theoretical and practical contributions are discussed.
相似文献
Tonya DodgeEmail: |
11.
The article deals with phenomenology in Lithuania. The main thesis of the article is this: phenomenology is a living tradition
in need of both development and interpretation. The minor thesis follows from the main one: the Western phenomenological tradition
and Lithuanian philosophy interact and develop in tandem with one another. According to the authors, the contact between poetics
and philosophy is the dominant form of phenomenology in Lithuania. The phenomenological tradition is treated as creative and
living philosophical thought.
相似文献
Tomas KačerauskasEmail: |
12.
Robert Schroer 《Philosophical Studies》2008,139(3):329-341
The experience of looking at a tilted penny involves a “phenomenological doubleness” in that it simultaneously seems to be
of something circular and of something elliptical. In this paper, I investigate the phenomenological doubleness of this experience
by comparing it to another case of phenomenological doubleness––the phenomenological doubleness of seeing an object in a painting.
I begin by pointing out some striking similarities between the phenomenological characters of these two experiences. I then
argue that these phenomenological characters have a common explanation. More specifically, I argue that the psychological
mechanism that explains the phenomenological doubleness of the experience of seeing an object in a painting can be extended
to also explain the phenomenological doubleness of the experience of seeing a tilted penny.
相似文献
Robert SchroerEmail: |
13.
Uriah Kriegel 《Philosophical Studies》2009,143(3):357-381
To a first approximation, self-representationalism is the view that a mental state M is phenomenally conscious just in case
M represents itself in the appropriate way. Proponents of self-representationalism seem to think that the phenomenology of
ordinary conscious experience is on their side, but opponents seem to think the opposite. In this paper, I consider the phenomenological
merits and demerits of self-representationalism. I argue that there is phenomenological evidence in favor of self-representationalism, and rather more confidently, that there is no phenomenological evidence against self-representationalism.
相似文献
Uriah KriegelEmail: |
14.
Walter Hopp 《Husserl Studies》2009,25(1):1-14
If Husserl is correct, phenomenological inquiry produces knowledge with an extremely high level of epistemic warrant or justification.
However, there are several good reasons to think that we are highly fallible at carrying out phenomenological inquiries. It
is extremely difficult to engage in phenomenological investigations, and there are very few substantive phenomenological claims
that command a widespread consensus. In what follows, I introduce a distinction between method-fallibility and agent-fallibility,
and use it to argue that the fact that we are fallible phenomenologists does not undermine Husserl’s claims concerning the
epistemic value of phenomenological inquiry. I will also defend my account against both internalist and externalist objections.
相似文献
Walter HoppEmail: |
15.
In this paper we discuss visualizations in mathematics from a historical and didactical perspective. We consider historical
debates from the 17th and 19th centuries regarding the role of intuition and visualizations in mathematics. We also consider
the problem of what a visualization in mathematical learning can achieve. In an empirical study we investigate what mathematical
conclusions university students made on the basis of a visualization. We emphasize that a visualization in mathematics should
always be considered in its proper context.
相似文献
Kajsa Br?ting (Corresponding author)Email: |
Johanna PejlareEmail: |
16.
Respect and Membership in the Moral Community 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Carla Bagnoli 《Ethical Theory and Moral Practice》2007,10(2):113-128
Some philosophers object that Kant’s respect cannot express mutual recognition because it is an attitude owed to persons in
virtue of an abstract notion of autonomy and invite us to integrate the vocabulary of respect with other persons-concepts
or to replace it with a social conception of recognition. This paper argues for a dialogical interpretation of respect as
the key-mode of recognition of membership in the moral community. This interpretation highlights the relational and practical
nature of respect, and accounts for its governing role over other persons-regarding concepts.
相似文献
Carla BagnoliEmail: |
17.
Evan Selinger 《Phenomenology and the Cognitive Sciences》2008,7(2):301-308
Harry Collins interprets Hubert Dreyfus’s philosophy of embodiment as a criticism of all possible forms of artificial intelligence.
I argue that this characterization is inaccurate and predicated upon a misunderstanding of the relevance of phenomenology
for empirical scientific research.
相似文献
Evan SelingerEmail: |
18.
Motohide Saji 《Human Studies》2009,32(2):201-223
This article examines Kant’s discussion of the division between reason and unreason in his Anthropology from a Pragmatic Point of View. On the one hand, Kant says that there is a normative, clear, and definite division between reason and unreason. On the other
hand, Kant offers three arguments showing that we cannot draw such a division. First, we cannot explain the normative grounds
for the division. Second, both reason and unreason are present in everyone to varying degrees in different ways. Third, Kant
invalidates the division as such by characterizing what should be more incomprehensible than an extreme case of unreason as
also being a rational way of life.
相似文献
Motohide SajiEmail: |
19.
Rolf Loeber Dustin A. Pardini Alison Hipwell Magda Stouthamer-Loeber Kate Keenan Mark A. Sembower 《Journal of abnormal child psychology》2009,37(6):777-791
Relatively little is known about the factor structure of disruptive behavior among preadolescent girls. The present study
reports on exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses of disruptive girl behavior over four successive data waves as rated
by parents and teachers in a large, representative community sample of girls (N = 2,451). Five factors were identified from parent ratings (oppositional behavior/conduct problems, inattention, hyperactivity/impulsivity,
relational aggression, and callous-unemotional behaviors), and four factors were identified derived from teacher ratings (oppositional
behavior/conduct problems/callous-unemotional behaviors, inattention, hyperactivityimpulsivity, and relational aggression).
There was a high degree of consistency of items loading on equivalent factors across parent and teacher ratings. Year-to-year
stability of factors between ages five and 12 was high for parent ratings (ICC = 0.70 to 0.88), and slightly lower for teacher
ratings (ICC = 0.56 to 0.83). These findings are discussed in terms of possible adjustment to the criteria for children's
disruptive behavior disorders found in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders.
相似文献
Rolf Loeber (Corresponding author)Email: |
Dustin A. PardiniEmail: |
Alison HipwellEmail: |
Magda Stouthamer-LoeberEmail: |
Kate KeenanEmail: |
Mark A. SembowerEmail: |
20.
Maarten Vansteenkiste Willy Lens Bart Soenens Koen Luyckx 《Motivation and emotion》2006,30(4):273-282
Self-Determination Theory argues that relatedness and autonomy represent innate and universally critical needs and that, when
satisfied, both needs should yield an independent positive effect on well-being and adjustment for all individuals. In contrast,
some cross-cultural perspectives suggest that the pursuit of autonomy hampers the development of satisfying relationships,
and such conflicts might be especially problematic for the well-being of individuals in collectivistic societies that value
social bonds over the pursuit of uniqueness and independence. The present study sampled Chinese students who had temporarily
moved to Belgium to study (i.e., sojourners) and Chinese students involved in the application procedure to study in Belgium
(i.e., applicants). Consistent with SDT, the present research shows that the basic psychological needs for autonomy, relatedness,
and competence are positively interrelated, that the satisfaction of these three needs predicts unique variance in Chinese
students’ psychological well-being, vitality, and depression (i.e., main effects), and that autonomy satisfaction yields a
more beneficial effect on vitality and better protects against depressive feelings when relatedness satisfaction is low (i.e.,
an interaction effect). Finally, mean-level differences in well-being between Chinese sojourners and applicants could be fully
accounted by differential need satisfaction.
相似文献
Maarten VansteenkisteEmail: |