共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 93 毫秒
1.
2.
3.
时间隐喻的语义层次网络模型研究 总被引:5,自引:2,他引:3
本研究采用启动技术考查了上级时间隐喻对下级时间隐喻的启动效应。结果发现不管是在反应时还是在意义相关程度的评定上。时间根概念隐喻的启动效应明显次于基本概念隐喻的启动效应。而基本概念隐喻的启动效应又明显低于派生隐喻的启动效应。这验证了时间隐喻的语义层次网络模型。 相似文献
4.
儿童时间隐喻表征能力的发展研究 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
有研究表明,时间概念是隐喻性表征的,即时间概念是由别的语义域概念投射映现于时间而形成的,如“时间是金钱”。“时间是流淌的小溪”,前者将金钱投射于时间从而赋予时间的有价性,后者将小溪映现于时间,使时间具有了动体的属性。时间概念的所有属性都是这样隐喻性地建构的。因为不使用隐喻就难以表述时间。有研究发现,人们主要是使用11个范畴概念(空间、有价物、状态、易逝物、效应、改变者、检验者、动体、媒介、人、主宰一被主宰)来喻指时间的. 相似文献
5.
本研究考查了反映不同时速的时间隐喻句对时距判断的影响,结果发现时间隐喻表征对时距判断有导向功能,即将移动速度慢的喻体投射于时间时会带来对时距判断的高估,而将移动速度快的喻体投射于时间时会造成对时距判断的低估,这一结果表明语言也会是影响时距判断的因素之一,从而进一步佐证了时间认知的综合观。 相似文献
6.
7.
盲人的时间水平方向隐喻的通道特异性 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
通过2个实验, 考察了感觉通道对盲人的时间水平方向隐喻的影响。实验1发现, 盲人只在动作水平上存在同阅读方向一致的时间水平方向隐喻, 对表征过去的词或句子按左键反应和对表征将来的词或句子按右键反应时更快, 表明盲人用于隐喻时间的空间信息是知觉性的。实验2比较了明眼人可视组被试和明眼人遮眼组被试的时间空间隐喻, 发现明眼人可视组被试只在动作水平上存在时间水平方向隐喻, 明眼人遮眼组被试只在刺激在右侧时呈现才出现动作水平的时间水平方向隐喻。综合分析表明, 盲人和明眼人可视组被试的反应更为接近, 表明盲人的时间空间隐喻未受听觉信息的影响。盲人通过运动通道获得的空间认知代偿了视觉通道信息的缺失。 相似文献
8.
9.
10.
11.
本研究通过3个实验考察权力概念垂直空间隐喻表征激活的条件。实验1发现,在权力判断任务中,具有直接权力关系的相关词对和间接权力关系的无关词对都可以激活隐喻表征。实验2使用相关判断任务,只有相关词对激活了隐喻表征。这说明对词汇进行语义加工并理解权力关系是激活隐喻表征的重要条件。实验3引入水平方向干扰,并将被试的注意转移到干扰信息上,结果仍然出现了隐喻一致性效应,表明垂直空间线索不是隐喻表征激活的必要条件。 相似文献
12.
Nicolás Alessandroni 《Integrative psychological & behavioral science》2017,51(4):618-642
In this article, we set out, first, a general overview of metaphor and metaphorical thought research within cognitive psychology and developmental psychology. We claim that, although research efforts broadened perspectives that considered metaphors to be ornaments of poetic language, certain predominance of a linguistic point of view within investigations led to relatively little attention paid to (i) non-verbal and non-written metaphorical instantiations, and (ii) the pre-linguistic and cultural origins of metaphorical thought. Next, we attempt to delve into, and model, the ontogenetic origins of metaphor, taking into consideration social and cultural elements. To that end, we consider the Vygotskian perspective and contemporary research from the pragmatics of the object. We propose that metaphorical thought is an emerging result of a complex web of dynamic relationships between pre-linguistic and socioculturally regulated semiotic systems. The analysis undertaken shows the need for a research programme with a developmental orientation that considers metaphor to be a product of the intertwining between the individual and social dimensions of cognitive development. We suggest this programme should find its roots in the analysis of the semiotic skills that precede the acquisition of metaphorical language. 相似文献
13.
依据时间管理的相关理论,参照国内外已有的相关问卷和量表,提出时间管理问卷的结构。对872份有效数据进行探索性和验证性因素分析,同时考察了价值观与时间管理的关系。研究结果表明:(1)大学生时间管理倾向问卷包括6个因子:即规划性、拖延性、时间透视性、自觉控制性、混乱倾向性和抗压性;(2)问卷的内部一致性信度、分半信度和重测信度均较高,问卷具有良好的信效度;(3)价值观中的垂直个人主义对时间管理倾向中的计划性、自觉控制性和混乱倾向性有显著预测作用;价值观中的垂直集体主义对时间透视和抗压力有显著的正向预测作用。 相似文献
14.
Wolfgang Wagner Gerard Duveen Robert Farr Sandra Jovchelovitch Fabio Lorenzi-Cioldi Ivana Marková & Diana Rose 《Asian Journal of Social Psychology》1999,2(1):95-125
This paper gives an overview of social representation theory, definitions of the key terms and of the social processes leading to a representation and to social identity. Six empirical studies are presented and details of their methods and findings are given to illustrate this social psychological approach. These studies are about the ontogenesis of gender, the public sphere in Brazil, madness on British television, images of androgyny in Switzerland, individualism and democracy in post-communist Europe and metaphorical thinking about conception. The methods are ethnography, interviews, focus-groups, content analysis of media, statistical analysis of word associations, questionnaires and experiments. Finally, social representation theory is compared to theories of attitudes, schemata and social cognition. 相似文献
15.
大学生过去时间洞察力的心理结构 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本研究旨在探索大学生过去时间洞察力的心理结构并编制适合大学生使用的量表。在理论构想的基础上,根据开放式问卷调查结果和前人相关研究,初步确定了大学生过去时间洞察力的结构和量表题项。探索性因素分析和验证性因素分析表明,大学生过去时间洞察力的心理结构由3个维度、12个因素构成。大学生过去时间洞察力量表最终由53个题项构成,具有良好的信度和效度,可以作为评估大学生过去时间洞察力的工具。 相似文献
16.
内隐时间表征的实验研究 总被引:5,自引:1,他引:4
用两个实验五种作业,探讨内隐时间表征存在的可能性及其特点。结果表明:在表征动量中,(1)无论诱导图形内隐运动方向向左还是向右,测试图形与识记图形之间位置偏移的错误率在与诱导图形内隐运动方向一致的条件下比不一致的条件下大;(2)诱导图形内隐运动的一致性时间顺序消失之后,表征动量不存在;(3)在100ms的时间范围内,识记图形、测试图形之间的保持时距与记忆位置偏移呈线性相关;(4)在水平方向和垂直方向上,客体的概念和背景知识对表征动量无影响,研究结果肯定了表征动量中内隐时间表征的存在并具有方向性、顺序性、连续性和认知不可渗透性的特点。 相似文献
17.
Richard J. Harris 《Journal of psycholinguistic research》1979,8(1):61-71
Three experiments examined memory for metaphorical sentences. No differences between metaphors and nonmetaphorical equivalents (e.g.,The ivy cuddled up to the window vs.The ivy grew up to the window) in the number of correct recalls or recognitions were found. There was, however, a significant trend for recall errors that were meaning-preseving to be less metaphorical than the input sentence. The results supported hypotheses that metaphors and nonmetaphors are equally easy to remember and that the stored memory representation does not distinguish whether its antecedent linguistic input was metaphorical or not.This research was supported by Grant MH 28493-01 from NIMH and by a grant from the Kansas State University Bureau of General Research.Some of the data were reported at the Meeting of the Psychonomic Society, Denver, November 1975. 相似文献
18.
Eva Feder Kittay 《Synthese》1984,58(2):153-202
A number of philosophers, linguists and psychologists have made the dual claim that metaphor is cognitively significant and that metaphorical utterances have a meaning not reducible to literal paraphrase. Such a position requires support from an account of metaphorical meaning that can render metaphors cognitively meaningful without the reduction to literal statement. It therefore requires a theory of meaning that can integrate metaphor within its sematics, yet specify why it is not reducible to literal paraphrase. I introduce the idea of a “second-order meaning”, of which metaphor is but one instance, that is a function on literal-conventional, i.e., first-order meaning, and outline a linguistic framework designed to provide a representation of linguistic meaning for both. This framework is designed to represent linguistic units ranging from a single word to an entire text since I argue that the by-now familiar position that the sentence is the appropriate unit for metaphor has mislead us into asking the wrong questions about metaphorical meaning. With this apparatus, we can specify the conditions under which an utterance may transcend the constraints on first-order meaning (transgressions not always apparent on the sentential level), without thereby being “meaningless”. Conversely, we can specify the conditions that may render apparently odd utterances first-order meaningful rather than metaphorical. In this way we see how metaphorical language differs both from deviant language and from specialized language such as technical language, fanciful and fantastical language (in fairy tales, science fiction, etc.). 相似文献
19.
Guichun Guo 《Frontiers of Philosophy in China》2007,2(3):437-453
The essential significance of scientific metaphor lies in applying the general metaphorical theory to specific interpretations
and elaborations of scientific theories to form a methodology of scientific explanation. It is a contextual grasp of objective
reality. A given metaphorical context and its grasp of the essence of reality can only be valid when the context is continually
restructured. Taking the context as a whole, the methodological characteristic of scientific metaphor lies in the unity of
understanding and choice, experience and concepts, semantic structures and metaphorical domains, rationality and irrationality.
As a form of thinking based on reasons, scientific metaphor plays an important role in invention, representation, explanation,
evaluation, and communication.
Translated by Liu Yiyu from Zhongguo Shehui Kexue 中国社会科学 (Social Sciences in China), 2004, (2): 92–101 相似文献