共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
抑郁倾向的绘画诊断研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
通过问卷、绘画测验和回归分析,8项绘画特征被验证能够有效反映神经症抑郁倾向.根据这些绘画特征建立的回归方程经检验具有中等的解释效果.同时,评分者一致性程度较高.研究结果表明,通过\"房子树人绘画测验\",能够建立对神经症抑郁倾向进行有效测量的临床诊断工具. 相似文献
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神经症躯体化倾向的绘画诊断研究 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3
通过问卷、绘画测验和回归分析,7项绘画特征被验证能够有效反映神经症躯体化倾向。根据这些绘画特征建立的回归方程经检验具有中等的解释效果。同时,评分者一致性程度较高。研究结果表明,通过“树人绘画测验”,能够建立对神经症躯体化倾向进行有效测量的临床诊断工具。 相似文献
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中小学学习困难学生焦虑的研究 总被引:14,自引:1,他引:13
本研究以152名中小学学习困难学生为研究对象,用一般性焦虑测验量表(GAT)为工具,通过与181名学习优秀学生的比较,研究他们的焦虑特点。结果发现,学习困难学生的平均焦虑水平与学习优秀学生无显着差异,但学习困难学生中高焦虑者和低焦虑者明显多于学习优秀学生。在学习困难学生中,女学生的焦虑水平明显高于男学生。 相似文献
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为了探讨高中生焦虑水平的地域差异,笔者对175名高中生进行了测验焦虑量表(TAI)、状态——特征焦虑量表(STAI)的调查。结果发现,高中生焦虑水平存在显著的地域差异,这一结论值得引起教育工作者的关注。 相似文献
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抑郁症状学生的认知特点研究 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
1引言情绪和认知的相互关系问题,从70年代末开始受到心理学界越来越多的重视。一方面心理学工作者从认知的角度来解释情绪的发生、发展,并提出了不少理论模型[1]。另一方面,情绪对认知的影响也得到了十分广泛的研究,实证研究表明:诸如记忆、思维、问题解决等人... 相似文献
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社会性愿望对焦虑评定的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本利用图画辅助程序和post hoc方法研究了社会性愿望对焦虑强度评定的影响。结果发现:(1)负荷形容词影响焦虑强度评定;(2)这种影响与焦虑内容、年龄有关,与性别无关;(3)分离焦虑随年龄增加而降低,死亡焦虑随年龄增加而增加。 相似文献
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以Kerns依恋安全性量表、Spence儿童焦虑量表为研究工具,对2所普通小学的472名三年级学生进行为期1年的追踪,考察儿童中期亲子依恋和焦虑症状的发展变化,以及亲子依恋与焦虑症状之间的关系。结果发现:(1)儿童中期的亲子依恋和焦虑症状在1年内较为稳定,分离焦虑、社交恐惧、恐慌障碍和强迫冲动障碍表现出一定的发展变化。(2)亲子依恋与焦虑症状呈显著负相关,依恋越安全,儿童的焦虑水平越低。(3)交叉滞后分析显示,亲子依恋在更大程度上影响儿童焦虑;母子依恋只具有同时性的影响,父子依恋既有同时性也有继时性的影响。(4)安全型父子依恋能够有效缓解不安全母子依恋的消极影响,安全型母子依恋对不安全父子依恋的补偿作用较小。 相似文献
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杨甫德 《医学与哲学(人文社会医学版)》2010,31(4):14-18
本文从6个方面探讨时焦虑症状的识别与处理:焦虑有关的理论研究、焦虑的症状特征、焦虑症状分类及其意义、焦虑的病因与发病机制、焦虑的评定与诊断、焦虑的药物治疗与心理治疗.焦虑患者在综合医院很常见,需要临床各科医生提高识别率,积极处理. 相似文献
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Josef Bailer Tobias Kerstner Michael Witthöft Carsten Diener Daniela Mier Fred Rist 《Anxiety, stress, and coping》2016,29(2):219-239
Background: In the DSM-5, the diagnosis of hypochondriasis was replaced by two new diagnositic entities: somatic symptom disorder (SSD) and illness anxiety disorder (IAD). Both diagnoses share high health anxiety as a common criterion, but additonal somatic symptoms are only required for SSD but not IAD. Design: Our aim was to provide empirical evidence for the validity of these new diagnoses using data from a case–control study of highly health-anxious (n = 96), depressed (n = 52), and healthy (n = 52) individuals. Results: The individuals originally diagnosed as DSM-IV hypochondriasis predominantly met criteria for SSD (74%) and rarely for IAD (26%). Individuals with SSD were more impaired, had more often comorbid panic and generalized anxiety disorders, and had more medical consultations as those with IAD. Yet, no significant differences were found between SSD and IAD with regard to levels of health anxiety, other hypochondriacial characteristics, illness behavior, somatic symptom attributions, and physical concerns, whereas both groups differed significantly from clinical and healthy controls in all of these variables. Conclusion: These results do not support the proposed splitting of health anxiety/hypochondriasis into two diagnoses. Further validation studies with larger samples and additional control groups are warranted to prove the validity of the new diagnoses. 相似文献
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Erland Axelsson Erik Andersson Brjánn Ljótsson Daniel Wallhed Finn Erik Hedman 《Cognitive behaviour therapy》2016,45(4):259-269
Somatic symptom disorder (SSD) and illness anxiety disorder (IAD) are two new diagnoses introduced in the DSM-5. There is a need for reliable instruments to facilitate the assessment of these disorders. We therefore developed a structured diagnostic interview, the Health Preoccupation Diagnostic Interview (HPDI), which we hypothesized would reliably differentiate between SSD, IAD, and no diagnosis. Persons with clinically significant health anxiety (n = 52) and healthy controls (n = 52) were interviewed using the HPDI. Diagnoses were then compared with those made by an independent assessor, who listened to audio recordings of the interviews. Ratings generally indicated moderate to almost perfect inter-rater agreement, as illustrated by an overall Cohen’s κ of .85. Disagreements primarily concerned (a) the severity of somatic symptoms, (b) the differential diagnosis of panic disorder, and (c) SSD specifiers. We conclude that the HPDI can be used to reliably diagnose DSM-5 SSD and IAD. 相似文献
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Test anxiety (TA) is a prevalent issue among students that can result in deleterious consequences, such as underachievement. However, a contemporary measure that has been validated for use with Australian students seems to be lacking. This study, therefore, investigated the suitability of the German Test Anxiety Inventory (TAI‐G) for use with Australian university students. While the original TAI‐G contains 30 items and was designed to measure four factors (worry, emotionality, interference, and lack of confidence), differing factorial models have been supported in the literature using either the original or a shortened 17‐item version of the measure. These differing TAI‐G models were tested and compared in the current study via confirmatory factor analysis using 224 Australian university students. As expected, results supported the superior fit of the 17‐item four‐factor model. Additionally, the convergent validity of the measure was supported since measures of self‐esteem, self‐efficacy, and general anxiety were all found to correlate significantly with the TAI‐G in the hypothesised directions. Finally, the finding that all of the TAI‐G subscales had acceptably high reliabilities led to the conclusion that the 17‐item TAI‐G is a valid and reliable measure of TA in an Australian university population. 相似文献
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不同类型考试焦虑影响考试成绩的差异模式 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
调查了440名高中生,以不同类型考试焦虑为预测变量,以掌握目标、情绪性、应对反应、考试自我效能感、成绩-接近目标、成绩-回避目标、担忧、学习和考试技能、认知干扰为中介变量,期末数学考试成绩为最终结果变量,探讨不同类型考试焦虑影响考试成绩的模式。结果表明:不同类型考试焦虑具有不同的影响考试成绩的模式,即存在认知主导型模式(简称C模式)、生理唤醒主导型模式(简称P模式)、技能缺乏主导型模式(S模式)等三种不同的模式。担忧是C模式中的主要中介变量,P模式的主要特征是担忧对情绪性存在显著影响,S模式的特点是中介变量较少,学习和考试技能变量受考试焦虑和考试自我效能感双重影响并作用于考试成绩。 相似文献
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对三维心理旋转操作任务特性的效应的初步研究 总被引:7,自引:2,他引:5
在认知心理学领域,对心理旋转的研究主要是以反应时范式为基础。本研究试图突破反应时范式,把心理测量学和实验的方法相结合,以现代测量理论——项目反应理论的项目参数(如项目难度、区分度、猜测参数)为指标,对心理旋转测验中,操作任务的若干特性对测验项目特性的影响进行研究,结果发现:对于以Shepard三维旋转材料编制的心理旋转测验、测验材料的复杂程度,标准图形和匹配图形的角度差,以及匹配图形的编排位置等对测验项目的诸特性均无显著影响。 相似文献
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考试自我效能感是考试焦虑影响考试成绩的中介变量 总被引:21,自引:2,他引:21
本文采用结构方程的统计分析技术.依据Baron(1986)提出的确定中介变量的规则和标准.对265名中学生的特质考试焦虑、考试自我效能感、数学期末考试成绩的关系进行了探讨。考试焦虑,考试自我效能感和数学考试成绩是三个潜变量。结果表明,考试焦虑通过考试自我效能感这一中介变量对考试成绩产生影响,考试自我效能感对考试成绩有直接的影响作用,是考试焦虑影响考试成绩的中介变量。 相似文献
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运动竞赛焦虑量表中国常模的修订 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
运动竞赛焦虑量表是由美国的马腾斯专为运动员编制的特质焦虑量表。它是一种与特定的情境相结合的、能够有效地测出被测者通常在运动竞赛(或游戏)时焦虑水平的量表。我们在全国六大区十四个省市抽取了2,988名被试,修订了10—12岁(男、女),13—15岁(男、女),16—18岁(男、女)和19—25岁(男、女)的八个常模。同时,进行了效度和信度检验。本量表可以作为对业余的或专业的运动员进行运动竞赛焦虑的诊断与研究用。 相似文献
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A group of high school juniors and a group of high school seniors in Izmir, Turkey completed measures of test anxiety, coping skills, and perceived health status both before and after a major exam period. Students with high test anxiety used less effective coping mechanisms and tended to have poorer perceptions of their health. Prior to the exams, juniors displayed higher test anxiety and used less effective coping mechanisms than seniors. After the exam periods, improvements were seen for both age groups on perceived health, but scores of younger students remained significantly higher than scores of seniors on one of the key measures of test anxiety. Results of the study lend support to those of previous studies done in other cultural contexts, and findings have implications for the development of interventions designed to help students cope with stress. 相似文献