企业中层管理者时间管理倾向量表的探索性因素分析

时间管理倾向是个体在运用时间方式上所表现出来的心理和行为特征,具有多维度多层次的心理结构。参照已有的研究文献和广泛的调查研究,编制出我国企业中层管理者时间管理倾向量表,通过对150名企业中层管理者的探索性因素分析,结果表明企业中层管理者时间管理倾向问卷由时间价值感(社会取向和个人取向的时间价值感)、时间监控能力(目标与控制、计划与安排、优先级、时间分配和反馈性)和时间效能感(时间管理效能和时间管理行为效能)三个维度构成。     

大学生时间管理倾向对其社会适应能力的影响

该研究对180名大学生的时间管理倾向及其社会适应能力的关系进行探讨。结果发现,被试的时间管理倾向及其3个维度（时间价值感、时间监控观、时间效能感）,以及社会适应能力在性别、学科等因素上没有显著差异;时间管理倾向高分组和低分组被试在社会适应能力上有极其显著的差异。将社会适应能力对时间管理倾向3个维度进行逐步回归分析,结果表明,时间效能感对社会适应能力有好的预见性。因此,开展卓有成效的时间管理训练可以作为提高大学生社会适应能力的一种方法。     

青少年时间管理倾向量表的编制

时间管理倾向是个体在运用时间方式上所表现出来的心理和行为特征,具有多维度多层次的心理结构。参照有关文献并结合国内的广泛调查研究,编制出我国青少年时间管理倾向量表。通过对1027名大中学生的探索性因素分析和507名大中学生的验证性因素分析,结果表明时间管理倾向问卷由时间价值感(社会取向和个人取向的时间价值感)、时间监控观(设置目标、计划、优先级、时间分配和反馈性)和时间效能感(时间管理效能和时间管理行为效能)三个维度构成。该量表的因素结构清晰,信度和效度较好,可以作为评鉴青少年时间管理倾向的有效工具。     

大学生的时间管理倾向与主观幸福感

以499名在校大学生为对象,采用青少年时间管理倾向性量表、幸福感指数量表和情感平衡量表,探讨其时间价值感、时间监控感和时间效能感与主观幸福感的关系。结果表明:(1)大学生的时间价值感、时间监控感和时间效能感与其主观幸福感间存在显著的相关关系;时间管理倾向和主观幸福感得分不存在显著的性别和年级差异;(2)时间管理倾向不同因子对大学生主观幸福感的影响作用存在一定差异。时间监控观和时间效能感能显著正向预测大学生的主观幸福感指数,时间效能感能显著正向预测大学生的积极情感和情感平衡,同时也能显著地负向预测其消极情感。     

青少年时间管理倾向相关因素的研究

本研究探讨时间管理倾向与学生学业成绩、自我价值感和主观幸福感三者的关系,进一步验证个人的时间管理倾向与生活质量的关系。对重庆和成都两地三组1387名大、中学生(重庆312名中学生、339名大学生,成都736名中学生)的问卷调查研究发现：(1)时间监控观对学业成绩具有一定的预测作用,时问价值感和时间效能感是通过时间监控观来影响学业成绩。(2)时间管理倾向各维度与总体、一般和特殊自我价值感之间存在显著的正相关。随着自我价值感抽象程度的降低,时间管理倾向对自我价值感的影响程度也就越大。(3)时间管理倾向各维度与积极情绪之间存在显著正相关,与消极情绪之间存在显著负相关。时间管理的好坏可能是影响主观幸福感的一个重要因素。     

时间管理倾向与主观幸福感、工作倦怠的关系研究

以220名处级干部为研究对象,探讨了时间管理倾向与主观幸福感、工作倦怠的关系以及时间效能感在时间监控能力和主观幸福感、工作倦怠之间的中介作用.结果表明,时间管理倾向的时间价值感、时间监控能力和时间效能感三个维度与主观幸福感存在显著的正相关,与工作倦怠存在显著的负相关;主观幸福感与工作倦怠存在显著的负相关;时间效能感对时间监控能力与主观幸福感、工作倦怠之间具有部分中介作用,即时间监控能力既可以通过时间效能感影响主观幸福感和工作倦怠,也可以直接影响主观幸福感和工作倦怠.     

军校学员时间管理倾向与学业成绩的相关研究

本研究采用时间管理倾向(TMD)问卷对265名军校学员进行测试,并与其上学期各门考试课程的平均成绩进行相关分析。结果表明,军校学员的时间管理倾向与其学业成绩存在显著正相关,时间监控观和时间效能感与学业成绩的相关也很显著,但时间价值感对学业成绩的影响并不明显。同时,高时间管理倾向者的学业成绩明显高于低时间管理倾向者。由此本研究认为,时间管理倾向可能是影响军校学员学业成绩的一个重要因素。     

大学生时间管理倾向与考试焦虑的关系

目的探讨大学生时间管理倾向与考试焦虑的关系。方法采用时间管理倾向量表和考试焦虑量表对302名大学生进行调查。结果(1)大学生时间管理倾向存在显著的年级差异。(2)时间管理倾向总分、时间效能感和时间监控观与考试焦虑及其两个因子存在显著负相关。(3)时间效能感对考试焦虑有直接预测性,时间价值感和时间监控观通过时间效能感影响考试焦虑。结论大学生考试焦虑状况与其时间管理倾向,特别是时间效能感有关。     

国家青年排球队员时间管理倾向与自我价值感的相关研究

运用时间管理倾向量表和自我价值感量表对13名国家青年排球队运动员的研究表明,国家青年排球队运动员的整体时间管理倾向与大学生没有显着差异;自我价值感显着高于常模群体,具有较高的自我价值感水平;相关分析发现,时间监控观与总体自我价值感和一般自我价值感之间的相关显着,时间监控观与社会取向的家庭自我价值感、时间管理倾向的三维度与个体自我价值感之间存在显着的相关;多重回归分析发现时间监控观对总体自我价值感和一般自我价值感具有直接的预测作用。     

教师教学监控能力与其教育观念的关系研究

本研究以从北京市和浙江省瑞安市小学教师中选取的436名语、数教师为被试,探讨了教师教学监控能力与其教育观念之间的关系.结果表明:教师教学监控能力与其自我知觉、教学效能感和其对教学成败的努力归因等教育观念因素存在显着的相关关系.研究还发现在教师的教育观念中,教师教学效能感及其努力知觉与其教学监控能力之间存在直接的线性关系,其它的观念成份均通过它们影响教师的教学监控能力.     

Job characteristics and burnout among aging professionals in information and communications technology

The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between job characteristics and burnout, i.e., exhaustion, cynicism and lack of professional efficacy, in a sample of 115 (49- to 61-yr.-old) information and communications technology professionals. Questionnaire survey data were collected at two time points. In 1995 (Time 1), higher quantitative overload and lower job control were associated with higher exhaustion. Job control was negatively associated with lack of professional efficacy. In 2001 (Time 2), quantitative overload and information overload were positively associated with exhaustion, but with job control negatively. Use of new information was negatively associated with cynicism. In addition, job control and use of new information were negatively associated with lack of professional efficacy. Job characteristics at Time 1 were not significantly associated with burnout at Time 2 when job characteristics at Time 2 were controlled.     

Sense of coherence and work characteristics: A cross‐lagged structural equation model among managers

This study investigated the dominance of predictive relationships between Sense of Coherence (SOC) and work characteristics (organizational climate and job control) in cross‐lagged longitudinal data with two measurement points and a time lag of 3 years. The sample consisted of 615 (587 men and 28 women) managers, aged between 27 and 64 years. The cross‐lagged longitudinal analysis was done by the use of Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) within the framework by LISREL. The results of the chi‐square difference tests indicated that the model where SOC at Time 1 predicted work characteristics at Time 2 better accounted for the data than the competitive models. However, the only significant path in addition to test‐retest stabilities was the path from SOC at Time 1 to organizational climate at Time 2 indicating that high SOC predicts good organizational climate over a 3‐year follow‐up period. The path from SOC at Time 1 to job control at Time 2 was not significant. Thus, it seems that SOC, as a relatively stable disposition, influences the ability to mobilize and generate social resources in the workplace but not the ability to produce job control.     

Take care! The evaluation of a team-based burnout intervention program for oncology care providers

In this quasi-experimental study among staff of 29 oncology wards, the authors evaluated the effects of a team-based burnout intervention program combining a staff support group with a participatory action research approach. Nine wards were randomly selected to participate in the program. Before the program started (Time 1), directly after the program ended (Time 2), and 6 months later (Time 3), study participants filled out a questionnaire on their work situation and well-being. Results of multilevel analyses showed that staff in the experimental wards experienced significantly less emotional exhaustion at both Time 2 and Time 3 and less depersonalization at Time 2, compared with the control wards. Moreover, changes in burnout levels were significantly related to changes in the perception of job characteristics over time.     

早期儒学语境中的“时”范畴析解

“时”是早期儒家构建其“内圣外王”人格价值理想的核心范畴之一。在早期儒家的话语系统中 ,“时”以“时遇”、“时命”等外在于价值主体的客观条件和异己的力量 ,以中介的形式与价值主体一起对儒家人格价值理想的实践发生不容忽视乃至是决定性的作用 ,并不断地内化为一种主体价值选择的方法论原则———“时中”和一种集大成式的人格理想境界———“时圣”。早期儒家对于“时”由非主体范畴向主体性范畴转化的认识 ,充分体现了儒家注重实践理性的思维特征     

Work-group characteristics and performance in collectivistic and individualistic cultures

The authors conducted a cross-cultural longitudinal investigation of the effects of culture (individualism-collectivism dichotomy) on group characteristics (functional heterogeneity, preference for teamwork, group potency, outcome expectation) and on performance of 83 work groups performing 2 decision-making tasks over a 15-week period. The individualists (U.S. students) reported higher levels of functional heterogeneity and group potency and attained higher levels of group performance than did the collectivists (Korean students). In addition, culture and time interacted to influence ratings of group potency and outcome expectation. The difference in ratings of group potency between individualists and collectivists increased over time. Outcome expectation was greater among the collectivists in Time 1 and among the individualists in Time 2. The authors discuss implications for future cross-cultural group research and international management.     

Parenting characteristics and adolescent psychological well-being: a longitudinal study in a Chinese context

In this longitudinal study, the relationships between perceived parenting characteristics and adolescent psychological well-being were examined in a sample of Hong Kong Chinese adolescents (N = 378). The results indicated that global parenting styles and specific parenting behaviors are concurrently related to hopelessness, life satisfaction, self-esteem, purpose in life, and general psychiatric morbidity at Time 1 and Time 2. Longitudinal and prospective analyses (Time 1 predictors of Time 2 criterion variables) suggested that the relations between parenting characteristics and adolescent psychological well-being are bidirectional in nature. The results indicated that the strengths of association between perceived parenting characteristics and adolescent psychological well-being are stronger in female than in male adolescents. Relative to maternal parenting characteristics, paternal parenting was found to exert a stronger influence on adolescent psychological well-being.     

Flow experiences in everyday activities of Japanese college students: Autotelic people and time management1

Abstract: This study examines the characteristics of flow activities, executive skills of time management and goal directedness related to autotelic personality styles. Japanese college students (155 men and 168 women) completed the Flow Experience Checklist, Evaluation after Everyday Life Activities Scale, Time Management Skill Scale, Experiential Time Perspective Scale, and Multiple Mood Scale with reference to five everyday activities. The results suggest that flow activities are related to the process of personal growth and self‐advancement, and also provide pleasure and motivation for subsequent activity. Autotelic people reported the highest amount of flow experience in everyday activities, and the highest scores on time management and goal directedness.     

Does Familism Lead to Increased Parental Monitoring?: Protective factors for Coping with Risky Behaviors

We examined coping with risky behaviors (cigarettes, alcohol/drugs, yelling/ hitting, and anger), familism (family proximity and parental closeness) and parental monitoring (knowledge and discipline) in a sample of 56 adolescents (11–15 years old) predominantly of Mexican descent at two time points. Multiple linear regression analysis indicated that more time spent with family (proximity) at Time 1 significantly predicts higher parental monitoring at Time two. Coping with more risky behaviors at Time 1 was significantly associated with less parental monitoring at Time 2. More parental closeness Time 1, more parental monitoring Time 1, and more parental monitoring Time 2 were associated with less coping with risky behaviors at Time 2. The cultural value of familism, particularly spending time with family in positive activities, appears to increase parental monitoring which may lead to less coping with risky behaviors among Mexican descent adolescents. Future studies may investigate gendered mechanisms for how extended family may increase not only parental knowledge of youth activities, but also youth perception of supervision.     

The Influence of Perceived Interviewer and Job and Organizational Characteristics on Applicant Attraction and Job Choice Intentions: The role of applicant anxiety

This study examined whether interviewer characteristics have (a) a direct influence on applicant attraction and job choice intentions, (b) an indirect influence via job and organizational characteristics, and (c) direct influence on applicant anxiety. A sample of graduate applicants (N=450) was surveyed before a selection interview (Time 1) and after the employment interview (Time 2). Structural equation modeling was used to examine the hypothesized model. The results showed that interviewer characteristics (warmth, unfriendliness, job knowledge, general competence and humor) had both a direct and indirect effect on applicant attraction and job choice intentions. In addition, interviewer characteristics had a significant positive impact on applicant anxiety. Theoretical and practical implications of the findings are discussed.