公共同在与群体团结的规约——贵州乡村基督教堂仪式及其社会功能初探

教堂是引领基督徒宗教信仰生活的重要场域。教堂引领的宗教生活主要通过各种基督教仪式表现出来,通过对乡村基督教堂仪式的考察发现,教堂仪式在建立神圣关系的同时,亦满足了传统乡土群体团结整合的需求。乡村教堂仪式,融合了传统关系的经营与宗教互动的意向,增加了基督徒村民的团结感,增强了他们应对各种变化的能力和心理能量,使得他们以某种程度的群体稳定性适应着乡村社会的变迁。我们对乡村教堂的礼拜、圣餐、婚礼、葬礼、融合性仪式进行分析,来观察这些教堂仪式在维系信徒"与神同在"的同时,又是如何发挥其乡村团结的社会功能的。     

神圣空间与公共秩序的规约——贵州安顺乡村基督教堂的空间布局及社会功能

<正>教堂是基督徒过宗教生活的重要场所,作为尘世与天堂、教会与基督的桥梁,教堂亦是信徒社会需求在宗教空间的表达。随着城市化的推进,大批农民进城务工,村民赖以依靠的熟人社会逐渐解体;为此,基督徒村民则以教堂为平台,再造业已习惯并依赖的熟人社会。     

姻亲关系与姻亲冲突下伴侣支持与婚姻质量的关系

姻亲关系是婚姻家庭生活中的重要议题,但研究却较少涉及。本研究以选自四川及重庆城市和乡镇的341对夫妻为被试,采用问卷调查的方法考察姻亲关系与夫妻婚姻质量间的关系,并检验姻亲冲突下伴侣支持在其中的调节作用。结果表明:我国夫妻的姻亲关系普遍处于中等偏上的状态,妻子的姻亲关系问题显著多于丈夫,但受到的姻亲冲突下伴侣支持显著少于丈夫;丈夫和妻子报告的姻亲关系均能显著正向预测自身的婚姻质量,丈夫报告的姻亲关系还能显著正向预测妻子婚姻质量;妻子受到的姻亲冲突下伴侣支持在妻子报告的姻亲关系与其婚姻质量间起调节作用,高伴侣支持可以减缓姻亲关系对婚姻质量的消极影响。     

大学生基督徒宗教认同的调查和分析

本文以无记名问卷方式抽样调查了大学生基督徒的宗教认同问题,包括大学生基督徒宗教认同的建构与维持、大学生基督徒宗教认同的面向与层次、大学生基督徒宗教认同的呈现与形塑。研究发现,中国大学生基督徒的宗教认同状况总体上支持西方宗教心理学的研究理论,大多数大学生基督徒基本的宗教认同都是从家庭中获得的,只有少数大学生基督徒的宗教信仰是在经过一番研究和慎思之后通过有意识的追求而获得的。     

从《圣经》看婚姻的本质

婚姻破裂和家庭解体是当代社会的严重问题之一,今天的社会,许多人视结婚与离婚为儿戏,高兴就合,不高兴就分,给家庭(特别是儿女)带来了严重的伤害。一般来说,基督徒是极其尊重婚姻的。然而,由于社会风气的影响,当基督徒的婚姻出现危机时,也会选择     

"婚姻,人人都当尊重"——浅析基督教的婚姻伦理及其对当代中国社会的现实意义

解决当前存在的婚姻问题,当务之急是构建新型的婚姻伦理,以提高人们的道德观念。作为基督徒,笔者认为基督教在这方面大有所为,也应当有所作为,因为基督教固有的教义中具有丰富的婚姻伦理思想,有待进一步挖掘。当基督教界的有识之士在这样的时期结合中国社会的实际,认真思考,反复论证,建立起一套既符合基督教教义,又有益于时代发展的婚姻伦理,一定能为基督作出美好的见证,也一定能为构建和谐社会作出有用的贡献。     

“门当户对”不是基督徒择偶的黄金法则

基督徒择偶要考虑“门当户对”吗？在笔者看来,简单的门当户对并不是基督徒择偶的黄金法则。门当户对是传统的看法,我们应当有现代社会新的考量,也应当听听进入婚姻的基督徒的说法,更应当知道,圣经中有帮助我们建立幸福婚姻的法则。     

来自江苏宿迁市基督教两会的倡议——基督徒要做“奔小康”的带头人

感谢全能的上帝!值举国上下全面建设小康社会之时,我们认为爱国爱教是我们基督徒的本分,投身社会实践,适应时代发展要求是我们宗教发展的历史选择。积极投身社会主义社会建设,是我们生活在宿迁大地上的广大基督徒热爱祖国、建设家乡的最具体的善行。为此,我们提出如下建议: 一、同心同德,群策群力,为全面建设小康出谋划策 全面建设小康社会,我们基督徒与全国人民一样成为受益者。积极投入这一事业,不仅是社会经济发展的形势所需,也是宗教与社会主义社会相适应的客观要求,更是我们宗教自身存在与发展的明智选择。因此,我们应该理所当然地做建设小康社会的参与者。     

从圣经看基督徒的离婚再婚问题

美满和谐的婚姻是幸福的,令人羡慕的,谁也不希望自己的家庭中途夭折,不想品尝婚姻破裂的苦果 然而,现实生活又不得不令人感叹,家庭破裂、婚姻解体、夫妻离异之事似有无法遏制之势。这一社会现象犹如一股浪潮,也正在冲击看一些基督徒的家庭,所以教会必须正视这个问题。 圣经是我们基督徒信仰的依     

当代中国基督教现状管窥:基于CGSS和CFPS调查数据

基于“中国综合社会调查”(CGSS)和“中国家庭追踪调查”(CFPS)两个全国性社会调查数据,本文探讨了当代中国基督教的三个面向:基督徒的规模和格局、基督徒的人口及社会分层特征、基督徒的社会心态。分析显示,2010年基督徒占我国成年总人口的比例大致在1.9%至2.2%之间,相对应推算全国基督徒总规模为2568万至2936万人。基督教在我国汉族地区已经成为仅次于佛教的第二大宗教。与佛教徒相比,基督徒的活动更为绵密、组织化程度更高、信众对宗教信仰的重视程度也更高。因此我们认为基督教在我国已经形成“全国存在,局部聚居”的格局。在信徒特征上,基督徒的女性比例很高、年龄结构偏老、居住在农村的信徒相对多。在社会经济地位上,基督徒的个人收入、受教育水平、职业地位不仅低于无信仰群体,也在各宗教中排名最低或几乎最低。尽管如此,基督徒平均的信任度、公平感、幸福感、精神健康程度与无信仰群体没有显著差异,甚至在社会底层,基督徒的社会心态比无信仰群体更积极。     

工程中利益冲突问题研究

首先在详细分析工程中利益冲突已有定义的基础上,本文从不同角度提出了一种不同的定义。然后,分析了利益冲突的构成,并列举了利益冲突的情形。接着,分析了利益冲突的伦理问题,并提出解决方法。最后介绍了美国工程社团以及大型企业有关利益冲突的伦理章程和行为规范。     

Conflicts of interest in science in Armenia

The author describes problems facing Armenia in reorganization of the structure of science in the post-socialist era with the aim of utilizing limited state resources more efficiently by reducing the number of separate scientific institutes, concentrating on essential core subjects required by the nation and encouraging all other projects to compete in the international arena for grant sponsorship. An earlier version of this paper was presented at an International Conference on “Conflict of Interest and its Significance in Science and Medicine” held in Warsaw, Poland on 5–6 April, 2002.     

PTSD在中国的研究进展

PTSD是近十年来在中国精神病学界逐渐引起重视的一种反应性精神障碍。随着国外对PTSD的深入研究以及中国心理卫生事业的发展,相关领域的学者开始从事这一方面的研究并取得了不少成就。文章对中国PTSD的流行病学、神经生物学基础、病因学以及诊断和治疗等各个方面的研究作了初步总结和探讨。     

Visual impressions of penetration in the perception of objects in motion

Observers viewed visual stimuli in which one object moved to a position of partial occlusion by another. The objects were presented as two-dimensional profiles moving in an undefined space, so the partial occlusion supports several different physical interpretations. In fact some stimuli reliably gave rise to a perceptual impression that the moving object penetrated or pierced the stationary one. This kind of interaction impression has not previously been reported. The impression was maximized by rapid deceleration to a halt with minimal occlusion. If the object decelerated more slowly, so that it was completely occluded or projected from the far side of the stationary object, it was perceived as moving behind the stationary object. The shape of the moving object and its speed prior to occlusion had significant but small effects.     

A review of methods in the study of attention in autism

Atypical attention, while not a diagnostic feature, is common in individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). The study of these atypicalities has recently gained in both quantity and quality, due in part to an increased focus on attentional atypicalities as one of the earliest signs of ASD in infancy. A range of attentional processes and components have been investigated, and the methods used are varied, from Posner-type paradigms, to the more recent use of eye-movement recording and change-detection techniques. This methodological complexity is one factor in the production of conflicting evidence on the topic of attention in ASD. This review uses a focus on methodology to clarify the literature to date and provide a resource for researchers wishing to study attention in ASD. Other factors that have contributed to the current discrepancies in findings are discussed, particularly the role of individual and group differences within the population of people with ASD.     

Components of aggression in chickens and conceptualizations of aggression in general

A refined analysis of the peck order in chickens was offered as a test of the notion that for this species, different responses such as leaping and various types of pecking need not be interchangeable indexes of aggression. Indeed, tests showed that particular response types of the birds were differentially mediated by organismic or environmental factors. In large cages pecking at the body was most frequent by birds that had a home-cage advantage. Contrarily, rates of aggressive leaping were independent of this environmental influence, with males having an advantage over females. Males showed more head pecking than females, but the profile for this sex difference did not resemble the profile for leaping. Correlational analyses revealed that whereas head pecking between testmates was not matched in frequency, leaping was positively related. Finally, the behavior of birds tested in small cages differed from that of the large-cage subjects. Although there was more head pecking in the small cages, males did not have an edge, and leaping was infrequent. Such results indicate that these responses cannot be viewed as interchangeable indicators of aggression in fowl.