江苏民众生活方式的30年变迁

生活方式研究强调差异性。本文的研究视角以纵向的历史演进为参照,以定量和定性描述相结合的方法,对比改革开放初期到进入21世纪后,江苏城乡居民生活方式的历史轨迹,包括日常的劳动生活方式、消费生活方式、闲暇生活方式、交往生活方式以及婚姻家庭领域的前后差异及其相关特征。     

Continuing the Conversation on Canada: Changing Patterns of Religious Service Attendance

David Eagle's article on changing patterns of religious service attendance appeared in the March 2011 issue of Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion. He presented a comprehensive analysis of three data sets that allow social scientists to estimate the rate of religious service attendance in Canada: Project Canada Survey (PCS), the General Social Survey (GSS), and the Canadian Survey of Giving, Volunteering, and Participating (GSGVP). Reginald Bibby initiated the PCS in 1975, 10 years before Statistics Canada began conducting the GSS in 1985, and 22 years before the GSGVP began in 1997. He comments on the Eagle article, cautions scholars to be mindful of important methodological differences across samples, and offers his own analysis of trends in religious service attendance.     

近代以来基督教中国化与中缅跨境民族认同结构的变迁

在中缅跨境民族地区,国家力量由弱到强建构的国家认同、基督教信教群体中波动发展的宗教认同、对民族文化的体认所体现的民族认同以及三者之间的互动关系,共同构成和塑造了区域内的社会认同结构。近代以来基督教信教群体内这一认同结构的发展、演化,正是基督教在该地区中国化进程的历史写照。三者之间互动关系的发展,最终形成了国家认同为里层、民族认同为中层、宗教认同为表层的"三层椭圆结构"。改革开放以来各级政府正确贯彻执行党和国家的民族、宗教政策以及促进边疆民族地区和谐发展的一系列政策措施,是引导边疆民族地区基督教坚持中国化方向的重要条件。     

Christianity in Iran: A Brief Survey

This article reviews the long and varied history of Christianity in the country now known as Iran. The historical emphasis is on the Assyrian Church of the East, although other churches are also mentioned. The relationship, successively, with Zoroastrianism and with Islam, as the dominant religious traditions, is discussed, as are its implications for the wider Islamic world. Western contacts with Iran, and, in particular, those of western churches, are also examined. In the light of this historical analysis, and from discussion of the situation since the Islamic Revolution, some conclusions are advanced about the prospects for Christianity in the new contemporary context.     

Leaving London: Three Autoethnographic Sketches

In this essay, I use autoethnographic sketching (Rambo, 2007 Rambo, C. (2007). Sketching as autoethnographic practice. Symbolic Interaction, 30(4), 531–542. doi:10.1525/si.2007.30.4.531[Crossref], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]) to explore the experience of arriving at and withdrawing from the London School of Economics and its impact on my life and work. I especially draw on the importance of close relationships with family, which helped me cope with and overcome limitations associated with my physical disability, cerebral palsy, as I work toward personal and professional fulfillment. It is my hope that these words will motivate others to better cope with and overcome challenges in pursuit of their goals.     

四川基督教自立运动的激进团体——中华基督教改进会

19世纪下半叶至20世纪上半叶,在中国曾出现过持续久远的基督教自立运动.这场运动在20世纪初期的四川曾有强烈反应.30年代初在成都出现了以中华基督教改进会为代表的思想非常激进的基督教自立运动,其机关刊物<改进>半月刊刊登了大量文章宣传反对帝国主义和西差会.该运动产生在1922-1927年风靡全国的非基督教运动平息之后,因而是一个值得注意的历史现象.     

Leaving patches: Effects of travel requirements

Five pigeons were trained in an analogue foraging procedure in which, by completing a travel requirement, they entered a “patch” in which a reinforcer might be available after an unpredictable time. They also had the opportunity, by emitting a defined response, to exit the patch and travel to another patch. Prey availability in a patch was not signaled. Data were collected on the length of time that subjects stayed in patches before exiting (residence times) as a function of various travel requirements: travel for a fixed time in blackout, fixed-interval schedule traveling, fixed-time traveling with an added response required to terminate traveling, and fixed-ratio traveling. For each of these conditions, the required amount of travel (time or responses) was varied over a wide range. As previously reported, residence times increased with increases in fixed-time traveling, as they did with increasing fixed-interval or fixed-ratio traveling. There was no evidence that adding response or work requirements systematically affected residence time except via increased travel time, although 3 of the 5 birds stayed longer in a patch under higher fixed-ratio values. A “threshold-maximization” model described the data well with a single parameter that was consistent across subjects, procedures, and experiments.     

Regional approaches to religion: Christianity in Norway

The topic of regionalisation is debated within European politics and Academia, but its topicality is hardly reflected in the History of Religions, in spite of the fact that a region may be an explicit or implicit spatial category in many studies of religion. This article sketches some understandings of the concept of region and approaches to regional studies among contemporary historians, geographers and others. In addition, some of the connections – actual or imagined – between regions and religion are discussed, exemplified by the regional impact of two popular religious movements in Norway.     

Leaving Home: A Semistructured Group Experience

The authors present a group format for addressing the needs of students who are at the developmental stage of separating from their families of origin.     

Teachers in Early Christianity

This article presents the idea that the Early Church supported teachers as one of the ministry offices within the local church. These teachers worked to mature the spiritual life of the congregation and so helped to free the pastoral ministry to focus on other duties, many of which fall on pastors. Most ministers, pastors, and others teach at one time or another, but the main task of teaching in the Early Church was carried on by (not merely overseen or administrated by) highly qualified Christian teachers. Three questions help explore the position of teachers in early Christianity: How does the New Testament define the teacher? How did the early church employ teachers? What principles helped to direct the Christian “Life of the Mind” in the Early Church?     

Christianity in Modern Iraq

Abstract

Tradition attributes the evangelization of Mesopotamia to St Thomas and to an apostle called Addai as early as the first century AD. Christianity spread early in Iraq from the major centre of Edessa (today Urfa in south-east Turkey) in its Syriac linguistic and cultural form. Christianity in Iraq represents a direct line of continuity with history. However, Christians are a minority in modern Iraq, representing some 3–5 per cent of the population. Iraq's Christians can be divided into three main groups Catholic, Oriental Orthodox, Protestant and Anglican; however, the Chaldean Catholics are the dominant tradition. Ecumenism is a significant factor between the communities. Despite war, emigration and sanctions the presence of Christianity in Iraq is a witness to the creative and spiritual power of Oriental Christianity in the Middle East and an important source for the religious and political renewal of the region.