从“道”的养生说起

近日不少学者热心研究和阐发"道教与养生"。"道"的治身、养生说,以黄老"天人合一,气化宇宙"之说为基础,认为在天地为阴阳二气,周流运行不止;在人身为元神精气,生命存活之本。天地间道气长存,生生     

道教“元神”与中国古典生命哲学

"元神"是道教内丹的重要标志性范畴,在魏晋南北朝早期道教经典中就已经开始出现,但多是"大神"的意思,其外在人格神意味比较浓厚。宋代"元精""元气""元神"的并列出现,标志着道教内丹理论的成熟。在丹道思想中,"元神"既与"道""太极""天地之性"等先天本体贯通,又与人的"精""气""心"等主体生命贯通。这在《永乐大典》被表述为"先天元神""自己元神",两者实际上是一体的。这种一体性表明中国哲学天人合一的思想特征。丹道各派多认为上丹田泥丸宫为"元神"所居之室。在丹道思想影响下,宋元明清时期的中医理论建构也多用"元神"一词,发展了道教元神思想,使之更富有现实性和养生意义。南宋之后的道教元神理论,吸收了佛教的"识神"说。在与"识神"的对比叙述中,"元神"越来越接近佛性。"元神"在明代心学一系的儒者特别是郝敬的著作中经常出现,被借来表述儒家思想。这从侧面反映了明后期儒佛道相融的思想图景。     

道教养生与技术哲学交叉研究的新成果——黄永锋《道教服食技术研究》评介

道教服食是道教信从者通过摄取食物、药物、气、符等来防治疾病、养护身心,以求长生成仙的过程中所应用的一切手段、方法、知识等活动方式的总和.它包括服药、服气、辟谷、饮食、服符等方面,是一类富有特色的道教养生类型.近年来,学术界对道教养生学关注较多,因此道教养生中服食问题也相应地有一些学者加以探讨.黄永锋博士认为道教养生学研究课题众多,服食养生应该专门加以系统研究;同时有必要重新界定道教服食,在新的理论平台上进行多视角深人的审视.     

谈道教养生的三条原则

养生文化是中国传统文化中一个很重要的组成部分,它虽然不属于道教的专利,但毫无疑问,道教是提倡养生的集大成者.然而道教养生号称有三千六百法门,应该从哪里人手呢?当然应该先从道理学起."本立而道生",养生之术是标不是本,这个本就是养生的道理、理念.简而言之,有三个原则,就是"自然养生"、"清静养生"、"以德养生".     

气论是道教的根本理论浅析

道教以气论为中心建立了庞大的理论体系、信仰谱系以及修炼系统。道教关于道的体用德性以气来解说,道教的神为气之人格化,经书为气化而成,符箓为气之凝结,至于炼养手段更是直接对气的导引运用。可以说,从理论到实践道教的气论学说都在其中扮演了最为重要的角色。认识气论在道教学说中居于的重要位置,对正确定位道教性质有很大帮助。     

中国道协召开道教文化研讨会 中国道协道教文化研究所成立

1989年9月6日至8日,中国道教协会召开了“道教文化研讨会”。与会成员以各地道教界学者为主,也邀请了一些教外研究道教文化的学者,共三十五人。中国道教协会研究室主任李养正在会上介绍了中国道协开展研究工作的主要情况和所取得的成绩。他说,中国道协的研究工作是从1961年开始的,“文革”期间中辍。十一届三中全会以后,宗教信仰自由政策得到重新落实,1979年中国道协恢复工作以来,研究室先后撰写、编辑、整理、出版了《中国道教史提纲》、《道教史资料汇编》、《道教知识手册》、《道教概说》、《道教仙话》、《道教养生法》、《洞天胜境》等二、三十种书籍。     

澳门道教协会举办2009道教文化周活动

应澳门道教协会邀请,中国道教协会黄至安副会长率团于2009年11月26日至30日,参加了"澳门道教文化周"活动,随同参加活动的还有我会副秘书长张立光,北京白云观经乐团等二十多人."文化周"期间,举行了庆祝新中国成立六十周年及澳门回归十周年"金箓大醮"科仪,澳门道教协会新址落成仪式及新址神像开光科仪,以及道乐演示,道教养生、武术表演,澳门道教科仪音乐展览等.     

道教法术与岭南巫俗初探

道教法术是道教斋醮活动的重要内容和主要形式.道教法术中的三种具体形式:步罡踏斗、气禁和道啸,均与岭南巫俗有密切关联,岭南古民的原始宗教信仰,实为道教文化的渊源之一.     

浅淡素食与道教的关系

道经云：“斋食(即素食)者,洁净身心,涤除邪秽。”“圣人以此斋(素食)戒,以神明其德夫。”王常月祖师亦云：“心不持斋,神性若不能改,则本心不定;本心不定则元神不归,元神不归,真性必不能见矣。”道教是一个重生、乐生的宗教,认为世间之物皆由天地精气所化,如同人类一样,它们     

从《东医宝鉴》看道教养生论对东医学的影响

朝鲜王朝时编撰的《东医宝鉴》是一部总结"东医学"精华的集大成之作,其中辑录了许多道教经典中有关身心修养与药石治病的名篇佳句,因包括宣扬通过修炼人体内的精气神就可促进身心健康乃至于长生成仙的道教养生论,故《东医宝鉴》也被认为是一部重要的道教医学著作。《东医宝鉴》开篇就以道教《黄庭经》为指导来阐述其医学思想,首先记载了关于人体"内景"与"外形"的大致内容,其中的《身形脏腑图》还使用了尾闾关、夹脊关和玉枕关等道教内丹术语来标注身体中的穴位、展示五脏六腑的位置以及道教运气经过的周天循环路线,可见它对身体的看法基本上来自道教养生论。然后在"杂病篇"中记载了关于天地六气、风寒暑湿燥火等自然环境对人身"内伤外感诸病"的影响。最后再论述医疗救治的方法与药物。《东医宝鉴》倡导"以道治心"、"以道疗病",追求"身道合一",反映了道教在朝鲜半岛的传播以及对东医学的影响。     

"Psychotherapy" versus "treatment"

Presents a comment on "Psychological treatments" by D. H. Barlow. Barlow proposed that we distinguish between the terms "treatment" and "psychotherapy." The author believes that not only is the distinction unnecessary, but that its implications could have negative consequences for the field of clinical psychology. It is the proposed distinguishing feature that treatments are "specifically tailored to the pathological process that is causing the impairment and distress" that is most problematic. Clinical psychology does not need a distinction that further exacerbates the split between researchers and practitioners.     

"Enmeshment" and "Fusion"

The paper examines two related concepts utilized by two different schools of family therapy. Any family seen to be "enmeshed" is also seen as "fused," and vice versa. The difference in the level of focus, on the "system containing the individuals" (structural) or the "individual in the system" (fusion), determines the difference in therapeutic approach of these two schools.     

“对的”与“好的”

什么是“对的”,和对它的证立,是道德哲学中具有争议性的核心问题,也是效用主义和道义论间的主要差异之所在。统合效用主义对于“好的就是对的”这个陈述有一套完整周延的说法。而道义论对这个问题的证立不够周延或没有足够的说服力。     

"本体论"与"伦理学"--形而上学的两个向度

形而上学有两个密切相关的内在向度,就是本体论向度与伦理学向度.在哲学史上,哲学家们之所以在"追求形而上学"的同时,又总是"反形而上学",并非是人们的形上本性出了问题,而是因为人们总是将形而上学视为单纯的"一维性",总是用一个向度来取代或遮蔽另一个向度.而所谓的"后形而上学思想",也并不是消解了形而上学,而是指形而上学从"本体论向度"转向了"伦理学向度".     

"石狮"、"风水"与"吉祥"

谁都知道,在古老的中国,不管是衙门、宫殿、庙宇的门前,还是豪宅、大户人家的门口,人们都能看到摆着一对石狮。据说,这对石狮子在许多中国人的心目中,它不但是一种气派的象征,而且还是一种被人认为是好的“吉祥物”。如今,旧时的衙门没有了,但遗留下来的宫殿、庙宇的门前,其中有些石狮仍有保存。然而,想像不到的是,这号称“吉祥物”的石狮今天却开始“走”进某些党政机关的大门口,它们(石狮)在那里时时都在保护着这些政府要员“平平安安”、“吉祥如意”。这不仅使我联想起一些极端的报道,有些政府官员为升迁,请算命先生定位,用风水术为政府…     

从"管制"到"平衡"--政府与公众理想关系模式的构建及其制度化

论文从行政民主的角度探讨政府与公众之间的理想关系模式及其制度化构建过程 ,将我国在改革之前的政府与公众模式概括为管制模式。论文指出 ,在制度变迁的过程中 ,这一模式日益受到挑战。而在新的制度环境下 ,我国政府与公众的关系模式应该是平衡模式。这一模式的制度化措施包括培育自主的市民社会 ,赋予公众以独立的活动空间 ;促进行政公开 ,建立一个开放负责的政府 ;推进行政法建设 ,抑制行政恣意     

PREFERRING "HOUSEWIVES" TO "FEMINISTS"

Four studies are described outlining the favorability of attitudes toward women. In Study 1, participants indicated their attitudes toward women and men and their construal of the term "women". The results revealed that women were evaluated more favorably than men, but that male right-wing authoritarians (RWAs) who construed women as referring primarily to feminists were least favorable in their attitudes. In Study 2, participants indicated their attitudes toward both "housewives" and "feminists". The results revealed that feminists were evaluated less favorably than housewives, and that the most negative attitudes toward feminists were expressed by authoritarian men. Study 3 revealed that high-RWA males held more negative symbolic beliefs concerning feminists (i.e., beliefs that feminists failed to promote participants'values) and that these beliefs accounted for variation in attitudes among high RWAs and much of the RWA-attitude relation. Finally, Study 4 revealed that high RWAs perceived greater value dissimilarity between them-selves and feminists. The implications of the findings for future research are discussed.     

"Us" and "Them":

Abstract: In the Aristotelian tradition, politics is a matter of public deliberation over questions of justice and injustice. The Bush administration's response to the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, has been uniformly hostile to this notion, and it has instead promoted a jingoistic politics of self‐assertion by an America largely identified with the executive branch of its government. This is doubly disturbing, as the executive branch has sought to free itself from international law, multinational commitments, and domestic judicial regulation, even as it has sought to validate itself by demonizing its enemies. This essay draws out the disturbing echoes here of Carl Schmitt's work of the 1920s, in particular of Schmitt's conception of the sovereign as the ungrounded ground of the law and the political as the site of mortal conflict between friend and enemy. The essay argues that Schmitt's position in the twenties, for all of its evident problems, is superior to that of Bush, Wolfowitz, and Ashcroft in at least two senses: Schmitt condemns the idea of waging war for profit and recognizes that such wars will often be disguised as moral crusades waged against the “inhuman”; and he acknowledges that claiming to fight a war for humanity denies one's enemies their humanity, leaving them open to torture and even extermination.