压力性生活事件与大学生病理性互联网使用的关系:应对方式的中介作用

采用压力性生活事件量表、特质应对方式问卷、网络使用状况问卷对633名大学生进行调查,考察了积极应对方式和消极应对方式对大学生病理性互联网使用(PIU)的独特效应及其在压力性生活事件与大学生PIU间的中介作用。结果表明:(1)压力性生活事件对于大学生PIU具有显著预测作用;(2)积极应对方式和消极应对方式会影响大学生PIU,具体而言,积极的应对方式能显著负向预测PIU,消极的应对方式能显著正向预测PIU;(3)积极应对方式和消极应对方式在压力性生活事件与大学生PIU间起部分中介作用。     

压力对大学生抑郁的影响机制:领悟社会支持与应对方式的中介作用

基于心理应激理论、素质-压力三模式以及社会支持主效果模型考察领悟社会支持、积极应对方式和消极应对方式在压力与抑郁关系中的链式中介效应,使用压力量表、领悟社会支持量表、应对方式量表和抑郁量表对抽取的641名大学生进行调查。研究显示:(1)领悟社会支持中介了压力对大学生抑郁的影响;(2)积极应对方式、消极应对方式中介了领悟社会支持对大学生抑郁的影响。因此,领悟社会支持以及应对方式在压力与大学生抑郁之间起链式中介作用。     

大学生社会支持、自尊和主观幸福感的关系研究

采用量表法以300名大学生为被试研究了社会支持、自尊和主观幸福感(包括总体主观幸福感、生活满意度、积极情感和消极情感)的关系.(1)相关分析表明,社会支持、自尊和总体主观幸福感、生活满意度以及积极情感两两显著正相关;社会支持、自尊和消极情感显著负相关.(2)回归分析进一步表明:社会支持对自尊和主观幸福感各维度回归效应显著;自尊在社会支持基础之上对主观幸福感各维度回归效应显著,对社会支持与主观幸福感起到了中介作用.(3)EQS5.7b方法进一步验证了自尊是社会支持与主观幸福感的中介影响因素的结论.     

社会支持对大学生主观幸福感的影响

采用量表法以 3 1 4名大学生为被试研究了社会支持与主观幸福感的关系 ,评估了社会支持对大学生主观幸福感的影响。差异检验表明 ,总体主观幸福感、生活满意度、朋友支持、其他支持以及总的社会支持存在性别上的差异 ,女生的得分均高于男生 ,而在积极情感和消极情感以及家庭支持方面则没有表现出性别差异。回归分析表明 ,社会支持的不同方面对主观幸福感的不同方面产生影响 ;在预测主观幸福感时 ,不同的社会支持指标的预测力是不同的。     

有童年期留守经历的大学生成人依恋、社会支持与主观幸福感的关系研究

该研究旨在探讨有童年期留守经历大学生的依恋、社会支持与其主观幸福感的关系。以武汉七所高校319名有留守经历大学生和400名无留守经历大学生为对象,采用主观幸福感问卷、亲密关系体验量表(ECR)和社会支持问卷进行测试。结果表明,对于有童年期留守经历的大学生,1)他们的依恋回避维度、消极情感高于一般大学生,在社会支持利用度、社会支持总分、生活满意度、主观幸福感方面得分显著低于一般大学生;2)依恋、社会支持与其主观幸福感显著相关;3)主观支持、支持利用度和依恋焦虑能显著预测主观幸福感,依恋焦虑对主观幸福感的影响在加入社会支持后下降。结论:社会支持在有童年期留守经历大学生的依恋和主观幸福感之间起中介作用,即依恋通过社会支持的不同方面来影响个体的主观幸福感。     

小学教育专业大学生总体幸福感与应对方式的关系研究

目的探讨大学生应对方式与主观幸福感的关系。方法用《总体幸福感量表》和《简易应对方式问卷》对小学教育专业大学生进行问卷调查,并用spss17.0进行数据整理和相关分析。结果积极应对与总体幸福感的3个维度存在显著性差异(p<0.05);消极应对与总体幸福感的4个维度存在显著性差异(p<0.05),应对方式对幸福感的回归效应显著。结论应对方式是影响大学生幸福感的重要心理因素。     

压力对大学生网络成瘾的影响机制

为考察焦虑、消极应对方式和积极应对方式在压力与网络成瘾关系中的链式中介效应,使用压力量表、焦虑量表、应对方式量表和网络成瘾量对随机抽取的341名大学生表进行调查。研究显示：（1）焦虑中介了压力与大学生网络成瘾之间的的关系;（2）消极应对方式中介了焦虑与大学生网络成瘾之间的关系,而积极应对方式并未中介焦虑与大学生网络成瘾之间的关系。所以,焦虑和消极应对方式在压力与大学生网络成瘾之间起链式中介作用。     

网络成瘾大学生的心理问题

本研究用编辑合成的问卷对某校约2000名大学生进行了网络成瘾以及有关心理问题的调查,得到988份有效的调查资料,并追踪到603份有效的16种人格因素（16PF）历史资料。结果表明：1．网络成瘾者与非网络成瘾者在社会支持、生活满意度、交往焦虑、自我和谐、抑郁、自尊等方面都存在差异;2．网络成瘾者的负面的心理因素多,积极的心理因素少;3．从历史资料来看,网络成瘾者与非网络成瘾者在16PF测验的多项人格特征上存在差异,这些差异可能是网络成瘾的内因。     

云南省大学生自杀行为及相关因素分析

采用SCL-90、青少年生活事件量表、应对方式量表、社会支持评定量表和自编的外显行为量表对云南省3313名大学生进行了测查,并探讨了包括自杀意念及自杀企图在内的自杀行为状况及其影响因素。结果表明:(1)427(13.2%)名大学生有自杀意念,卡方检验显示女生人数显著多于男生;154(4.7%)名大学生有过自杀企图,男女生人数没有显著差异;(2)自杀意念和自杀企图在人口统计学变量上有显著差异:在自杀意念上,女生、独生子女、文科生、来自城市的学生和不完整家庭的学生、月支出少于100元的学生得分显著高于与之对应的大学生;而在自杀企图上,只有来自城市的学生和不完整家庭的学生、月支出少于100元的学生得分显著高于与之对应的大学生;(3)大学生自杀意念和自杀企图与心理症状、生活事件、情感中心应对呈显著的正相关,与问题中心应对、社会支持呈显著的负相关;(4)在结构模型中,社会支持在心理症状和自杀行为中起到显著的调节作用,情感中心应对在生活事件、社会支持、社会支持对心理症状的调节作用中起显著的中介作用,而问题中心应对在生活事件、社会支持、社会支持对事件的调节作用中起显著的中介作用。     

上海市初中生生活事件和应对方式的研究

目的 探讨初中生遭遇的生活事件和应对方式,及两之间的关系。方法 用青少年生活事件量表(ASLEC)和特质应对方式问卷(TCSQ)对263名上海市初中生进行了问卷调查。结果 (1)在过去3个月内,发生频率较高,对学生影响较大的主要的生活事件是学习压力、人际关系和受惩罚;(2)积极应对方式的分数高于消极应对方式的分数;(3)生活事件应激强度值与消极应对方式之间呈显的正相关关系。结论 初中生主要采用积极的方式应对生活事件,生活事件应激值与消极方式呈显正相关。     

女性犯罪者的人格、应付方式、情境因素与犯罪行为研究

采用问卷法,对434名6类犯罪女性的人格、应付方式、情境因素(社会支持、负面生活事件)与犯罪行为的关系进行研究。结果表明,女性犯罪者的人格、应付方式、负面生活事件对不同犯罪类型的女性犯罪行为有不同预测力,不同女性犯罪类型有不同的回归方程;社会支持对女性犯罪行为的影响不显著。     

Understanding Religious Conversion (Book)

This study investigated diverse measures of religiosity (i.e., religious orientation, coping, and problem solving) and healthy dependency as correlates and predictors of spiritual well-being. Results from an undergraduate sample (84 women and 52 men) indicated a pattern of inverse associations between religiosity and unhealthy dependency. Moreover, both religiosity (positive and negative coping for men, extrinsic motivation and a less self-directed problem-solving style for women)and healthy dependency(for women)predicted spiritual well-being. These findings provide preliminary support for the study of spiritual well-being as an outcome and for the inclusion of both religious and personality variables as predictors. Implications for future research are presented.     

压力性生活事件对青少年主观幸福感的影响机制

在应对的交互作用模式、压力缓冲与压力易损性假说基础上提出一个有调节的中介模型,探讨应对方式在青少年压力性生活事件与主观幸福感之间的中介效应,以及情绪智力的调节效应。被试为1670名青少年,研究工具包括青少年生活事件量表、特质应对方式问卷、情绪智力量表和主观幸福感问卷。结果显示:(1)应对方式在压力性生活事件与主观幸福感之间起部分中介作用。(2)情绪智力在压力性生活事件对应对方式的影响中起调节作用:在低压力性生活事件下,高情绪智力的青少年应对方式较好,在高压力性生活事件下,不论情绪智力如何,应对方式都不好,情绪智力是压力易损因子。     

Understanding humor styles and well-being: The importance of social relationships and gender

Individual differences in humor styles have been identified, and these humor styles appear to be differentially related to well-being. The present study sought to replicate and extend previous findings by (1) investigating whether the differential effects of humor styles on well-being may be explained by their associations with social support, and (2) whether the weak and inconsistent relationship between aggressive humor and well-being may be due to a moderating role of gender. A total of 826 undergraduate students completed a series of online standardized questionnaires, including the Humor Styles Questionnaire, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II), Satisfaction with Life Scale, and Interpersonal Support Evaluation List (ISEL-12). Mediation analyses revealed that the positive relationship between affiliative and self-enhancing humor and well-being was explained by a greater perceived availability of support. Meanwhile, the negative association between self-defeating humor and well-being was mediated by lower levels of perceived support. Moderation analyses provided preliminary support for the idea that an aggressive humor style may be related to higher levels of social support among men, and lower social support among women. Further research on the interpersonal context of humor and the role of gender in humor styles, social relationships, and well-being is warranted.     

网络成瘾大学生对眼部情绪线索识别的研究

在网络飞速发展的现代社会,网络成瘾问题也随之引起社会的高度注意,当今大学生日渐成为网络成瘾的高发人群,一些特定的问题如社交焦虑、幸福感缺失、人际关系紧张等接踵而至。本文旨在通过对眼部情绪图片的识别来对网络成瘾大学生的社交特点进行研究。运用问卷法确定了60名被试组成实验组和对照组,再分别对其进行用DMDX软件编程的眼部情绪线索识别的心理实验。在尽力控制无关变量的影响下,经过数据分析,得出以下结论:网络成瘾大学生与非成瘾大学生对眼部情绪图片识别的正确率和平均正确反应时不存在显著性差异;网络成瘾大学生与非成瘾大学生对正性、中性和负性眼部情绪图片识别的反应时和正确率不存在显著性差异。     

Parental stress, coping styles, and social supports in chinese families with hepatitis-b-carrying children

The purpose of the study was to examine the hypothesis that parents’ psychological well-being can be affected by a child’s illness and their social situations. In this study, we discuss the roles of coping, social support and situational context related to stress. These factors cannot only affect stress levels but can also influence whether the individual adopts a certain type of coping style for stressful events. Parental stress, coping styles and social support were compared between groups of parents of Hepatitis B virus (HBV) carrier children or healthy children. Results showed that parents of affected children were significantly more stressed and psychologically at risk, and tended to mobilize personal resources and to rely more on themselves to solve stressful life events. They also sought help from social resources more often than did parents of healthy children. Parents of healthy children had a higher number of close friends and relatives available to them. Ninety Chinese parents and their HBV or healthy children participated in this study. These families were all living in the city of Guangzhou, China.     

Parental stress, coping styles, and social supports in chinese families with hepatitis-b-carrying children

The purpose of the study was to examine the hypothesis that parents’ psychological well-being can be affected by a child’s illness and their social situations. In this study, we discuss the roles of coping, social support and situational context related to stress. These factors cannot only affect stress levels but can also influence whether the individual adopts a certain type of coping style for stressful events. Parental stress, coping styles and social support were compared between groups of parents of Hepatitis B virus (HBV) carrier children or healthy children. Results showed that parents of affected children were significantly more stressed and psychologically at risk, and tended to mobilize personal resources and to rely more on themselves to solve stressful life events. They also sought help from social resources more often than did parents of healthy children. Parents of healthy children had a higher number of close friends and relatives available to them. Ninety Chinese parents and their HBV or healthy children participated in this study. These families were all living in the city of Guangzhou, China.     

Why do Women get Depressed and Men get Drunk? An Examination of Attributional Style and Coping Style in Response to Negative Life Events Among Canadian Young Adults

Gender differences in alcohol consumption and depressive symptoms are well known. This study focused on the associations of gender with attributional style, coping style, and negative life events in explaining these differences. The association of gender with each of the predictor and outcome variables was examined. One hundred eight (51 men, 57 women) undergraduate university students, ages 18–21, completed validated measures of depression, alcohol consumption, attributional style, coping style, and negative life events. Participants reported mild-moderate levels of depressive symptoms, similar to comparable samples. In contrast, alcohol consumption was lower than expected. Depressive symptoms were associated with negative events and rumination among both men and women. Pessimism and wine consumption were correlated with depression among women only. Although men consumed more alcohol than did women, a gender difference in depressive symptoms was not found. Potential implications of these findings are discussed.