非识字高龄患者住院中的需求对策相关性研究

探讨患者的需求与对策。应用会谈法收集资料,教育患者认知所患疾病相关知识、帮助患者和家属适应住院环境、支持家属对患者的生活护理、缓解患者心理紧张情绪、协助患者遵从医疗护理服务行为、照顾患者口服用药过程、满足患者治疗过程中的需求、加强护理操作周边作业的督导,进而提出了满足需求对策的依据。     

新生儿重症监护室患儿家属焦虑和心理需求的调查研究

了解NICU家属的焦虑和心理需求,分析原因和对策.采用SAI和CCFNI量表来测定200名家属的焦虑及心理需求.结果家属SAI得分明显高于常模,且女性高于男性;家属的各项心理需求中最需求的是患儿的病情保证,而自身有关的需求相对不重要.结论认为NICU患儿家属有焦虑和心理需求,医护人员要有的放矢地满足这些需求,以减轻焦虑.     

烧伤患者家属需求与医务人员认知差异的调查研究

以重危患者家属需求量表调查烧伤住院患者家属需求和医务人员对家属需求的认知,寻找差异并提出对策,以期使医务人员更好地理解家属需求。结果显示,烧伤住院患者家属需求与医务人员对家属需求的认知存在28项差异(P0.05);影响家属各维度需求差异的因素是家属年龄及患者是否曾入住其他病房(P0.05);影响不同医务人员对各维度需求认知差异的因素是从事专业年限及职业类别(P0.05)。因此,目前医务人员对烧伤住院患者家属需求有相当一部分无法给予认知和满足。建议建立基于家属教育和视频探视系统的探视制度,设置母婴同室病房;并引入医务社工,开展家属教育小组和巴林特小组。     

新生儿重症监护室患儿家属焦虑和心理需求的调查研究

了解NICU家属的焦虑和心理需求,分析原因和对策。采用SAI和CCFNI量表来测定200名家属的焦虑及心理需求。结果家属SAI得分明显高于常模,且女性高于男性;家属的各项心理需求中最需求的是患儿的病情保证,而自身有关的需求相对不重要。结论认为NICU患儿家属有焦虑和心理需求,医护人员要有的放矢地满足这些需求,以减轻焦虑。     

生命末期患者及家属对“善终”看法的Meta整合

研究采用Meta整合方法,对生命终末期患者及家属善终认知的质性研究结果进行整合,形成四个整合结果:不恐惧,从心理上接受死亡,做好死亡的准备;没有痛苦和不适,不延长死亡过程,以自己期望的方式离开;不是他人的负担,能感受到来自亲人和专业人员的支持;维持做人的尊严,找到生命的价值和意义,灵性需求得到满足。揭示了生命末期患者及家属的潜在需求,要求医务人员需要根据生命末期患者、家属的不同需求,评估不同的个体对善终的偏好,提供针对性的服务,最终达到善终的目的。     

脑卒中患者家属的焦虑状况及其影响因素分析

了解脑卒中患者家属的焦虑状况及其影响因素.采用焦虑自评量表(SAS)及自制的一般状况调查问卷对240名脑卒中患者家属进行问卷调查.脑卒中患者家属的焦虑状况明显高于国内常模(P＜0.01);其中家属的性别、年龄、文化程度、与患者关系、患者神经功能缺损程度及医疗费用的缴付方式与患者家属的焦虑有关(P＜0.01).患者家属的焦虑状况较严重,因此须早期对患者家属进行必要的健康教育和心理干预,从而为患者的长期护理及早期康复提供一个有力的保障.     

癌症患者临终关怀的社会工作探索——以肺癌晚期患者为例

采用个案研究方法,就广东省佛山市南海医院一例肺癌晚期患者开展社会工作服务的经历,总结探讨如何为癌症患者提供社会工作临终关怀服务。研究发现,社工在心理支持、社会关系协调、健康资讯提供、家属辅导与支持、经济援助方面的介入,有助于满足癌症患者"身、心、社、灵"方面的需求,提高患者及其家属的生活质量。建议对患者和家属开展"死亡教育",多渠道筹集资金,政府加大对临终关怀的财政投入并完善相关政策法规,加强教育培训,促进跨专业团队的组建与合作,通过这些措施提升临终关怀的服务质量。     

对精神病患者自主权特殊性的伦理分析

精神病患者的自主权应该得到尊重和保护,由于疾病原因导致患者的自主权在行使过程中表现出不同于一般患者的特殊性.论述了精神病患者自主权的特殊性及其所涉及的三方面的伦理问题:行为能力、家属代理以及医生干涉权,并提出了相应的解决对策,包括行为能力的评估程序、医务人员的告知义务和干涉权的规范限制.     

安全文化在传染病区护理管理中的应用

总结了安全文化在传染病区护理管理中的实施效果.包括对医务及保洁人员、患者及家属、陪探视人员3部分不同人群的安全教育.认为重视和加强传染病区的安全文化建设,有利于提高医疗护理质量,促进医患关系和谐,提高患者满意度.     

以流程为中心的医院导向系统设计研究

医院导向系统指的是能引导或指示患者到达目标区域或指示患者正确就医的各种标识,分为服务导向标识、空间导向标识、楼层立面分布标识和楼层平面分布标识[2]。医院导向系统必须符合医院功能,满足医院管理的基本需求,满足病人及家属等人群的寻路需求,能够为患者解答疑问等。导向系统可以定义为:为了帮助人们判定下一步的方向或是自身所处的位置,而设计并设置灯光、标志和图标、文字等     

Seeing and hearing and space and space and time

A previous experiment had shown spatial location to be judged in terms of the framework provided by the modality in which stimuli were presented. In the present study, digits were either auditorally or visually presented, and in either form the three digits appeared successivly to the left, in the center, and to the right of the S. The digit which occurred temporally in the middle of the sequence was never central from the spatial viewpoint. The S was asked to indicate which digit was the middle one. Ss were blind, deaf, or normal. The deaf and two control groups saw visual displays, and the blind and their controls heard auditory displays. The former groups predominantly chose the spatially middle digit and the latter groups the temporally middle. It was concluded that modality of presentation was the trigger which switched in the coding dimension of time or space.     

Bob and Carol and Tess and Ali

Conflicting religious experiences in different traditions do not necessarily defeat the rationality of conflicting beliefs sustained by those experiences in those traditions. The circularity that protects religious beliefs from such mutual defeat is not vicious. Moreover, the lack of ‘epistemological humility’ exhibited by such believers poses no threat to world peace. In fact, a campaign for compulsory humility would itself constitute a much greater threat.     

Law and Gospel,and Youth and Family Ministry

Abstract : If “faith comes through hearing” the word of God comprised in law and gospel, how do the imperatives that characterize ‘Youth and Family Ministry’ make such hearing possible? Here, literature delineating ‘Youth and Family Ministry’ is analyzed in light of its biblical foundations. The primary lens implemented in this analysis is the law/gospel hermeneutic advocated by Martin Luther and other reformers.     

Extremes of self-esteem and narcissism and the experience and expression of anger and aggression

This study examined the level of self-esteem and narcissism as personality variables involved in the disposition to experience and express anger. Three hundred thirty-eight subjects were sampled across two higher education centres and one student teaching programme in the United Kingdom. It was reasoned that individuals with both high self-esteem and narcissism would report especially high tendencies to experience and express anger and aggression and that those with high self-esteem and low narcissism would report the lowest. These predictions were influenced by theories that emphasise the role of threats to high self-esteem in the production of aggression and violence. Results indicate that groups defined by their extreme scores on self-esteem and narcissism scales produced levels of anger expression in the predicted direction. The importance of considering extreme levels of self-esteem and narcissism (in conjunction with other factors) in an analysis of anger is discussed with reference to currently influential theories in the field. Aggr. Behav. 24:421–438, 1998. © 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

Dance and psychotherapy--possibilities and limits

From a starting point of therapeutic and prophylactic components identifiable in the dance, the authors regard the dance as deserving of greater attention than was hitherto the case in programs of physiotherapy, psychotherapy, and sociotherapy. From the existing essays at a therapy basing on body and motion, they infer basic common points, and to promote discussion, they state their attitudes in respect of the potential and rank of the dance in the concept of complex multimodal psychotherapy.     

Yin and Yang,and the Hot and the Cold

Yin and Yang are important concepts in ancient Chinese philosophy.Western scholars have become more familiar with these two concepts recently,but for a long time almost no one considered comparing them with their own tradition such as the ancient Greek philosophy,and especially with the ideas of the Hot and the Cold in Presocratic philosophy.In this paper,I make an attempt to do exactly that,and especially make a detailed comparison between the thoughts of two ancient thinkers:Laozi and Anaximander.I discuss the thought of Yin and Yang in Laozi-who was the earliest philosopher making use of the concepts Yin and Yang-to express his cosmological thought in ancient Chinese philosophy.Comparatively,I discuss the ideas of the Hot and the Cold in Anaximander,the earlier among Presocratic philosophers referring to the Hot and the Cold as fundamental concepts used to establish his cosmological system.Through this comparison,I indicate that the similarity between ancient Chinese and Western traditions is far more significant than what people are used to imagining.     

Perversion and infancy and adolescence

Abstract

Studying the works of Freud and Lacan, the authors carried out research on perversion in childhood. Their work covered the perverse polymorphism of infantile sexuality and the perception of the anatomic difference between the sexes that leads the child to create sexual theories and fantasies. The phallic mother and the fetish are viewed as imaginary solutions directly related to the Oedipus and castration complexes. In perversion, a particular position is taken in relation to the Oedipus complex: a serious flaw occurs in the symbolization of the law, and the mechanisms of denial and disavowal take form. Sexuality requires a second “logical time,” separated from infancy by the latency period, in order to confirm (in action) that a fixed position of jouissance (enjoyment) has actually been established. This can only happen in a period after adolescent enhancement. The distinction between perverse traces and a perverse structure is made, taking into account the fact that, in the case of child analysis, the analyst should free the child from the family fantasy and help him/her to build his/her own fantasy.

Campos Santoro V. et al. Perversion und Kindheit und Adoleszenz.

Im Studium der Arbeiten von Freud und Lacan haben die Autoren Forschung über Perversion in der Kindheit gemacht. Die Studien behandeln den perversen Polymorphismus der infantilen Sexualität und die Wahrnehmung des anatomischen Unterschiedes zwischen den Geschlechtern, welche das Kind dazu führt, Sexual-Theorien und Phatasien zu schaffen.

Die phallische Mutter und der Fetisch werden als imaginäre Lösungen angesehen, die sich direkt auf den Ödipus- und Kastrations-Komplex beziehen. Bei der Perversion wird eine besondere Position in Bezug auf den Ödipus angenommen; ein ernsthafter Mangel tritt bei der Symbolisierung des Rechts auf; die Mechanismen der Verneinung und der Verleugnung bilden sich. Sexualität erfordert eine zweite “logische Zeit”, von der Kindheit durch die Latenz Periode getrennt, um (in der Handlung) zu bestätigen, daß eine fixierte Position der jouissance (Vergnügung) sich tatsächlich etabliert hat. Das kann sich nur in einer Periode nach der adoleszenten Verstärkung ereignen.

Es wird die Unterscheidung zwischen perversen Spuren und einer perversen Struktur gemacht, in Rechnung stellend, daß im Fall der Kinder-Analyse der Analytiker das Kind von der Familien-Phantasie befreien sollte und ihm/ihr helfen sollte, seine/ihre Phantasie auszubilden.

Campos Santoro V. Perversión e infancia y adolescencia.

Estudiando los trabajos de Freud y Lacan, los autores han investigado la perversión en la niñez. Los estudios cubren la sexualidad infantil perversa polimorfa y la percepción de la diferencia anatómica entre los sexos, que llevan al niño a crear teorías sexuales y fantasías.

La madre fálica y el fetiche son vistos como soluciones imaginarias relacionadas directamente con el complejo de Edipo y de castración. La perversión, toma una posición particular en relación al Edipo; un fallo importante tiene lugar en la simbolización de la ley; los mecanismos de negación y repudio toman forma. La sexualidad requiere un segundo “tiempo lógico” separado de la infancia por el periodo de latencia, para confirmar (en acto) que una posición fija de jouissance (goce) se ha establecido. Esto solo puede ocurrir en un periodo posterior a la intensificación adolescente.

La distinción entre las huellas perversas y la estructura perversa se ha hecho, teniendo en cuenta que, en el caso del análisis de niños, el analista debe librar al niño de la fantasía familiar y ayudar a el/ella a construir su propia fantasía.     

神圣、凡俗与净明、忠孝

本文结合有关宗教学理论,对宋元净明道所推崇的"净明"、"忠孝"概念进行了解析.作者以为:宋元净明道视世俗性的道德实践为"神圣"的宗教修炼,实与宗教学中的凡俗可以"转换"为神圣之理论相合;而净明道徒的这种"转换",则多与其个体的"宗教体验"有关.至于元代净明道借"无极"概念来释"净明",以"净明"为回复宇宙根源之境界,则合于宗教人经验到与万物的根源、终极的本体或神圣的世界契合之感.换言之,宋元净明道的"净明"、"忠孝"说,实与各种宗教的本质有着相通之处.