肿瘤患者心理困扰管理研究现状及本土化思考

心理困扰存在于肿瘤发生、发展的各阶段,是最常见的问题之一,在国外研究日益聚焦的同时,我们从心理困扰起源出发,回顾肿瘤患者心理困扰管理概况、观察性及实验性研究现状,分析心理困扰管理概念内涵、筛查工具、分类标准、干预模式及最佳管理途径等本土化问题,旨在找出困扰管理与我国国情的契合点,探求肿瘤患者心理困扰管理模式的合理化途径。     

肿瘤生物学治疗研究的现状及思考

肿瘤发生的相关因素众多,经历正常体细胞的突变,免疫系统对突变细胞的识别及系统对肿瘤细胞的杀伤作用等三个阶段。人类在攻克肿瘤的斗争中农渐认识到,免疫系统对肿瘤细胞的识别是关系到肿瘤是否发生的关键,重建免疫识别是人类攻克肿瘤的希望。     

癌症患者症状群管理研究进展

从癌症患者症状群的相关概念、症状群管理的意义及重要性、症状群管理的实施方法（药物治疗和非药物治疗;非药物治疗又包括心理护理、营养护理、运动指导、中医疗法）、症状群管理模式的发展、未来发展过程中的困难与展望5个方面进行阐述,对目前癌症患者症状群管理的相关信息进行提炼和概述,同时提出关于癌症患者症状群管理的新策略与新思考,为癌症患者症状群管理的后续研究和进一步发展提供借鉴,也为相关部分卫生策略的制定提供参考。

     

蒙汉族大学生父母教养方式、成人依恋与心理困扰的关系研究

通过整群抽样方法抽取了576名大学生,对其施测父母养育方式量表、亲密关系体验量表和心理困扰量表,运用结构方程模型技术,分别考察了父母养育方式的蒙汉族差异以及成人依恋模式在父母养育方式和心理困扰间的中介作用。结果表明:(1) 蒙古族父母对孩子的关爱程度和给孩子的自主性要显著高于汉族;(2) 汉族的成人依恋模式在父母过度保护与抑郁-焦虑-压力之间起着部分中介作用,而蒙古族成人依恋的中介作用不明显,但母亲的冷漠拒绝和过度保护会导致个体依恋回避和依恋焦虑,父亲的冷漠拒绝和过度保护会影响个体的抑郁和焦虑,母亲的过度保护和父亲的冷漠拒绝会影响个体的压力。     

肿瘤患者心理支持的操作技巧

本文继《肿瘤心理学的学科建构钩玄》一文，试图讨论肿瘤患者的心理支持要点及其操作技巧。肿瘤患者常常处于特殊情景下，其心理状态往往为非理性的，故对其进行心理（短板）救助显得十分重要。鉴于肿瘤患者的特殊心理状况，笔者认为对此类患者的心理支持应从改变认知切入，并根据不同的“癌症类型”，或采取出奇制胜的“侧攻”的方法，或结合及时...     

肿瘤化疗患者的心理分析和指导

肿瘤是一种常见的恶性疾病、病死率很高,化疗是主要治疗方法。由于化疗毒副作用较大,会引起肿瘤患者出现生理上和心理上较大的变化,产生烦躁、焦虑、沮丧等心理活动,并有可能引起病情的恶化,因此极有必要对病人进行心理指导。本文从心理方面对化疗患者进行指导探讨,使医务人员在治疗过程中能帮助患者减轻痛苦,体现人道主义精神。     

肿瘤与肿瘤标志物研究中证据的思考

随着对肿瘤研究的深入,人类发现的肿瘤标志物越来越多。目前有一定临床价值的肿瘤标志物已达100多种,但经过10多年的临床实践发现,肿瘤与其标志物之间的关系错综复杂。现有的许多研究中实验设计以及对结果的分析都存在着一些问题,得出的结论缺乏直接或确凿的证据,甚至出现偏差的结论,以致于影响到临床的准确应用。所以,有必要对此进行总结和探讨,以期有效发挥肿瘤标志物的临床应用价值。     

肿瘤与肿瘤标志物研究中证据的思考

随着对肿瘤研究的深入,人类发现的肿瘤标志物越来越多.目前有一定临床价值的肿瘤标志物已达100多种,但经过10多年的临床实践发现,肿瘤与其标志物之间的关系错综复杂.现有的许多研究中实验设计以及对结果的分析都存在着一些问题.得出的结论缺乏直接或确凿的证据,甚至出现偏差的结论,以致于影响到临床的准确应用.所以,有必要对此进行总结和探讨,以期有效发挥肿瘤标志物的临床应用价值.     

对肿瘤患者输血的思考

就肿瘤患者输血相关的几个问题进行探讨,提出如何权衡输血对肿瘤患者的有益作用与危害,在肿瘤患者输血中如何进行自体输血及血液替代品的应用,从而推进我国输血医学的发展.     

对肿瘤患者输血的思考

就肿瘤患者输血相关的几个问题进行探讨,提出如何权衡输血对肿瘤患者的有益作用与危害,在肿瘤患者输血中如何进行自体输血及血液替代品的应用,从而推进我国输血医学的发展。     

骨髓造血干细胞移植治疗自身免疫性疾病的进展

本土化研究是当前世界人文社会科学发展的必然趋势,也是中国传统心理治疗思想发展的唯一出路。近百年来,随着西学热潮的兴起和现代西方心理治疗方法的涌入,我国心理学工作者和中医学工作者为了保护传统文化中的心理治疗思想,对其开展了广泛的研究,经历了萌芽阶段、曲折发展阶段、活跃阶段和繁荣阶段等四个时期。随着研究队伍的融合,未来的研究将不断凸显其自身特色,自身体系,并逐渐走向临床应用。     

Subjective Well-Being in Pediatric Oncology Patients

Using negative and positive measures of subjective well-being (SWB), we compared reports of 29 youth with cancer to a matched control sample of 29 youth. Youth with cancer did not differ from healthy controls on self-report measures of life satisfaction, hope, positive affect, or negative affect. Scores on measures of hope were positively correlated with time since diagnosis; none of the other SWB variables was significantly related to time since diagnosis. Except for negative affect, moderate correlations were found between parents’ reports of their own SWB and their youths’ self-reported SWB. Parents’ estimates of their youths’ SWB were also moderately associated with youth self-reports, except for negative affect. Parents of youth with cancer and their youth may use different criteria for reporting the nature and frequency of negative affect, but use similar criteria for reporting positive affect and other positive measures (hope, life satisfaction). Implications for more comprehensive assessments of the well-being of pediatric oncology patients are discussed.     

A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of the Distress Thermometer for Screening Distress in Asian Patients with Cancer

Journal of Clinical Psychology in Medical Settings - The distress thermometer (DT) is a commonly used tool for screening distress in Asian patients with cancer. However, the optimal cut-off score...     

Spirituality,Distress and Posttraumatic Growth in Breast Cancer Patients

Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer for women and is associated with increased distress. Spirituality and posttraumatic growth (PTG) have been associated with illness adjustment, but the relationship between these variables is still not well understood. A sample of 100 breast cancer patients completed a demographic and clinical questionnaire, the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory, Spiritual and Religious Attitudes in Dealing with Illness, and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Results showed an association between PTG, spirituality and distress. Women with a longer diagnosis and recurrence showed more distress. Younger age, recurrent cancer and spirituality predicted higher PTG. Patients’ spirituality should be part of intervention with breast cancer patients since it seems to be related to greater growth and adjustment to the illness.     

Parents' Empathic Responses and Pain and Distress in Pediatric Patients

We investigated the relationship between parents' empathic responses prior to their children undergoing cancer treatment procedures and children's pain/distress during the procedures. We hypothesized: (1) parents' empathic distress would be positively associated with children's pain/distress, (2) parents' empathic concern would be negatively associated with children's pain/distress; and (3) parents' enduring dispositions and social support would be associated with their empathic responses. Parents completed: (1) measures of dispositions and perceived social support several weeks before their children underwent the procedures, and (2) state measures of empathic distress and empathic concern just before the procedures. Empathic distress was positively associated with children's pain; empathic concern was negatively associated with children's pain/distress. Predictions about dispositions and social support were also substantially confirmed.     

Psychological Distress in Patients Presenting for Initial Renal Transplant Evaluation

The comorbidity of psychological disorders with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) presents challenges for renal transplantation, including increased likelihood of medication noncompliance and poorer quality of life. Estimates of rates and severity of affective and anxiety disorders have varied significantly across studies of renal transplant patients, possibly due in part to variation in the methodology and timing of evaluations. To this point, few researchers have examined the psychological condition of patients who are newly referred for renal transplantation. This study examined rates of psychological distress using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ) in a sample of 518 ESRD patients at the specific time point of first contact with the transplant center. In this sample, 15.1% of patients endorsed symptoms consistent with a depressive condition and 7.6% of patients endorsed an anxiety condition. These rates were lower than expected, which may be due to decreased distress in this sample, selection biases, or underreporting of symptoms due to patients’ motivation to present themselves positively.     

反思医院泄露病人隐私现象

医院泄露病人隐私现象,是阻碍医患关系的和谐发展的绊脚石,是一种医疗领域人文缺失的表现。作为医院要设身处地的多为患者考虑,把尊重病人隐私当成一种常态,作为病人、家属及探视者,要自觉形成保护他人隐私的公德意识。     

浅议企业管理战略的伦理反思

在社会主义市场经济条件下 ,企业作为市场的主体 ,在实施其战略管理和决策过程中 ,对伦理因素的忽略 ,常常导致经济领域道德的失范和生态的破坏 ,并最终将损害企业的自身发展 ,本文试图从伦理的角度对企业管理的一般过程进行反思 ,以促使正确的企业管理战略的制定和实施。