Lois de la Nature et Constructions de l'Esprit

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Risques de violences externes au travail et facteurs de protection

Violence external to work is a risk that is difficult to reduce for professionals in certain business sectors. This study (N = 447) assessed two conflict management resources never studied to our knowledge (social support and professional training). The study showed that the search for social or emotional support is linked to exposure to external-to-work violence. Additionally, training moderated the perception of individual capacities to manage certain component of external violence at work, with some gender differences. This research highlights the importance of the availability of these resources in collective strategies to combat the stress generated by external-to-work violence risks.     

La fin de l'homme et le destin de la pensee

Sans résuméCet essai était déjà terminé pour l'essentiel lorsque la nouvelle de la disparition de Michel Foucault nous est parvenue. Que le lecteur veuille bien le considérer comme un modeste hommage à la mémoire du grand philosophe disparu praturément.     

Trimestre de naissance et parcours scolaire

This article examines the effect of quarter of birth on school years during kindergarten and primary school from data of several recent researches realized in France. Results show that pupils born at the beginning of the civil year obtain best academic performances that these born at the end of the year and have a more high probability to follow schooling without repeating. Nevertheless, the effect of quarter of birth seems more marked in kindergarten and first elementary school year than to more advanced steps of schooling (3rd primary year and 1st year of secondary school). Pedagogical implications of gaps in psychological development linked to the quarter of birth and to the age of children are discussed.     

Essai sur la logique de l'indeterminisme et la ramification de l'espace-temps

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Tradition religieuse et capacité de pardon

Forgiveness is a fundamental ingredient of everyday life. This article is intended to present, in a synthetic way, a number of recent works having empirically determined the relationship between religious tradition and forgivingness. To forgive is basically to give something to someone. For/give is the equivalent of the latin per/donare. Forgiveness is the gift of one's right to resentment after having been the victim of an offense. Forgiveness has been empirically investigated in two ways. The first approach specifically considered forgiveness as a possible answer to a given situation. The second approach considered forgiveness as a philosophy of life, as a habit; that is, as a personality trait. The studies reported in this article illustrate this second approach. A three-factor model of forgivingness is presented: lasting resentment, sensitivity to the circumstances of the offence, and unconditional forgiveness. It is shown that this model nicely fit empirical data from samples of persons grown up either in the Buddhist tradition, or in the Christian tradition, or in the Hindu tradition. It is also shown that among people grown up in the Muslim tradition this model must be adjusted to reflect the unique character of this tradition: Islam is both a religious and a political tradition. In brief, people whose spiritual references are either Buddhist or Christian or Hindu must be aware that if a conflict, even a minor one, opposes them to Muslims, a particular attention will be attributed to their apologizing behavior and to their efforts to repair the wrong committed. Forgiveness will probably be granted only after the offender has satisfied a number of conditions. Symmetrically, people whose references are Muslim must be aware that, if a conflict opposes them to people grown up in the other traditions, all the circumstances of the situation will probably play a more or less similar role (intention, apology, social proximity) and that forgiveness may be unconditionally granted. Unconditional forgiveness exists, at least in theory, in these traditions: it is not regarded as a weakness or as an immoral disposition.     

Objet et methode de la science juridique

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Une contribution aux theories modernes de communication: machines de Turing et problemes de mot

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