Interfaith Spiritual Care: A Systematic Review

Journal of Religion and Health - Although knowledge on spiritual care provision in an interfaith context is essential for addressing the diversity of patients’ religious and spiritual needs,...     

Characteristics of Children in Foster Care,Family-Style Group Care,and Residential Care: A Scoping Review

When risky child and family circumstances cannot be resolved at home, (temporary) 24-h out-of-home placement of the child may be an alternative strategy. To identify specific placement risks and needs, care professionals must have information about the child and his or her family, care history, and social-cultural characteristics at admission to out-of-home care. However, to date information on case characteristics and particular their similarities and differences across the three main types of out-of-home settings (namely foster care, family-style group care, and residential care) is largely lacking. This review compiles and compares characteristics of school-aged children of average intelligence and their families at the time of each child’s admission to one of the three care modalities. A scoping review technique that provides a broad search strategy and ensures sufficient coverage of the available literature is used. Based on the 36 studies included, there is consensus that the majority of normally intelligent children in care demonstrate severe developmental and behavioral problems. However, the severeness as well as the kinds of defining characteristics present differ among the children in foster care, family-style group care, and residential care. The review also identifies several existing knowledge gaps regarding relevant risk factors. Future research is recommended to fill these gaps and determine the developmental pathway in relation to children’s risks and needs at admission. This will contribute to the development of an evidence-based risks and needs assessment tool that will enable care professionals to make informed referrals to a specific type of out-of-home care when such a placement is required.     

A Review of Symptoms Commonly Associated with Menopause: Implications for Clinical Neuropsychologists and Other Health Care Providers

Menopause is a process, either naturally or medically induced, that occurs in nearly all women at some point in life. Some of the most commonly reported symptoms associated with menopause are hot flushes/flashes, fatigue, headaches, irritability, insomnia, and depression. These symptoms overlap with symptoms commonly reported in Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) as well as postconcussive syndrome. This overlap between symptoms commonly associated with menopause and neuropsychological conditions makes it necessary to have the base rates of these symptoms and conditions available. The purpose of the present review was to consolidate the clinical literature on the most commonly reported menopausal symptoms and to calculate the base rates associated with these symptoms.     

护士对老年痴呆症护理伦理决策的范围综述

通过范围综述审查了护士对老年痴呆症护理伦理决策的相关研究,从痴呆症护理实践中平衡职业道德规范及监管准则与患者的自主尊严及安全需求的伦理冲突、晚期老年痴呆症患者临终照护的道德需求决策困境、痴呆症护理中文化环境的适应冲突从三个方面总结了老年痴呆症护理伦理决策主要内容,并基于当前的主要问题提出了痴呆症护理伦理决策的主要对策,即完善以人为本的护理标准化痴呆症决策能力评估流程,改进老年痴呆症患者个性化的沟通策略,并建立与组织工作环境一致的护理伦理文化,以期为完善老年痴呆症护理体系提供一定的参考。

     

安宁疗护中社会支持相关理论的研究进展

阐述了福利多元论、社会支持论、社会角色论和社会网络论的起源、内涵、理论研究和实践的现状,旨在为构建更加完善的社会支持系统提供理论参考依据,以进一步提高安宁疗护服务质量。四种理论对构建社会支持系统的视角不同、结论不同,对社会支持实践指导意义亦各有差别。此外,虽然不同理论各有侧重,但仍不乏共同之处。我国安宁疗护社会支持系统发展不充分、不完善,因此在借鉴不同理论的同时,既应求同存异,又要博采众长,才能构建适应我国国情和区域发展实际的安宁疗护社会支持系统。     

Ageism in Mental Health and Health Care: A Critical Review

Discussions of aging and mental health widely assume that ageism among mental health providers is an important factor limiting access to mental health services for older adults. Given the widespread citation of ageism as a problem, we critically review the history of the ageism construct, and evidence for its existence in both mental health and medical professionals. There is surprisingly little empirical evidence for age bias among mental health providers. Considerable evidence does suggest differential medical treatment for older adults in such diverse areas as physician–patient interaction, use of screening procedures, and treatment of varied medical problems, although it is unclear whether age bias accounts for these differences. We suggest that innovations in delivery of psychological services, such as collaborative medical/psychological care in primary care settings, may ultimately prove more useful in improving access to mental health services than efforts to combat ageism.     

Ethics and Culture in Mental Health Care

This article examines the complex relationship between culture, values, and ethics in mental health care. Cultural competence is a practical, concrete demonstration of the ethical principles of respect for persons, beneficence (doing good), nonmaleficence (not doing harm), and justice (treating people fairly)—the cornerstones of modern ethical codes for the health professions. Five clinical cases are presented to illustrate the range of ethical issues faced by mental health clinicians working in a multicultural environment, including issues of therapeutic boundaries, diagnosis, treatment choice, confidentiality and informed consent, and the just distribution of limited health care resources.     

文化与人格研究综述

文化影响人格发展。笔者以文化与人格的研究为起点,详细评述了文化与人格的研究历程,着重介绍了文化决定论、文化与人格相互作用论;探讨了文化与人格的相互作用途径,为深入理解文化与人格的关系奠定了基础。     

Value Perceptions of Integrative Health Care: A Study of Primary Care Physicians and Professional Clinical Counselors

A study was conducted to identify value perceptions of primary care physicians and Professional Clinical Counselors on integrative health care. Surveys were collected from 54 primary care physicians and 33 Professional Clinical Counselors in Central Ohio. Quantitative and qualitative results indicate favorable perceptions and opportunities for professional collaboration.     

The Influence of Culture on Anxiety in Latino Youth: A Review

This article reviews the literature on how culture influences anxiety in Latino youth. First, a review of cross-cultural variations in prevalence and measurement is presented. Then, the article focuses on how culture impacts the meaning and expression of anxiety. Specifically, we discuss the meaning and expression of anxiety, the impact of culture on anxiety at a societal level and through its effect on family and cognitive processes, and the influence of immigration and acculturation on anxiety. Finally, we propose recommendations on how to advance the literature in this area building on existing knowledge.     

文化与人格关系研究综述

文化影响人格发展。在影响人格的因素中,普遍性因素与文化特殊性因素共存。文化的维度,有复杂性、紧密性、个体主义和集体主义等。许多文献提到在不同的文化中均出现大五人格。然而我们仍然需要谨慎,因为对普遍性的大多数研究并不包括文化特殊性的特质,也不研究那些与西方文化范例有绝对差异的样本。     

《道教文化新典》评介

１９９９年５月,上海文艺出版社推出卿希泰先生主编、詹石窗先生执行主编的《道教文化新典》（以下简称《新典》）一书。该著作是道教文化研究的一部力作,她的各个篇章就像一扇通往道教文化“妙”处的门,必将推动国内道教文化研究提高到一个新的层次。道教文化,广义指“凝结”了道教精神的一切存在;狭义上则是指道教的精神形态,诸如道教哲学、道教仙学、道教医学、道教科仪、道教音乐、道教美术、道教文学等。（详见《新典》第５页）《新典》所谓的道教文化主要是就狭义上说的。《新典》内容宏富,全书共十二编,每编三章。具体章目如…