In Britain and other Western countries the prevailing cultural and legal context of autonomy in relationship formation and choice of marriage partner means that Muslim–Christian marriages may happen without conformity to religious rules or familial preference, for example in the case of Muslim women marrying non-Muslim men. Nevertheless, amongst those surveyed, Muslim identification remained strong even where marriages were deemed transgressive.
Amongst Christian partners, faith identification (of parents and children) was more likely to be treated as autonomous and personally negotiable in the context of marriage.
The experience of hybridity and liminality in these marriages may influence attitudes to faith itself and there was evidence of both ‘universalizing’ and ‘particularist’ faith responses amongst couples. 相似文献
Aim: The aim was to gain increased knowledge about how significant and potentially corrective experiences within the therapeutic relationship were described by patients in trauma-focused therapy and how the participants thought such experiences might have affected the therapeutic work.
Method: Five patients who were, or recently had been, in trauma-focused therapy were interviewed about their experiences of the therapy relationship. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the interviews.
Results: Four themes were identified: ‘Human contact’, ‘Validation’, ‘To face the painful’ and ‘Development of trust’. Positive experiences in the therapeutic relationship were sometimes seen as crucial for the therapeutic work and for patients’ improvement.
Conclusions: Previous findings about the significance of corrective experiences in psychotherapy were confirmed, particularly experiences of the therapist’s accepting stance, personal and human contact and encouragement. The therapist’s ability to evoke trust in the patient and her capacity to help patients to face painful material may be particularly important for traumatised patients. 相似文献
“Of course”, says Hume: no‐one compelled me—the fact that my choice was necessitated is irrelevant.
“Yes”, says Leibniz: my choice was not necessitated—the fact that it was determined ( = ‘inclined') is not enough to make it unfree.
“No”, says Freud: my choice was determined—the fact that it was not necessitated is not enough to make it free.
The paper examines the interplay between these answers. 相似文献
I am curious about whether the silencing, which has been ubiquitous within society, is also prevalent within the therapeutic profession. I wonder if therapists with a history of abuse feel they have to bracket their experience, and if this limits the potential for positive transformation.
In this paper, I draw upon my narrative study of therapists with a history of abuse. The methodology followed was narrative inquiry with two therapists in addition to an autoethnography. I used ‘narrative analysis’ to analyse the data. The findings of the study covered themes of transgenerational trauma, ‘the wounded healer’, caregivers’ responsibility in communal cultures and dissociation.
In this paper, I will consider the part dissociation plays when there is a shared history of trauma, and the ways in which dissociative enactments within the consulting room themselves may be part of the mutual healing. For this paper, only extracts from interviews with one of my participants will be included. 相似文献
Design: Participants were served a small or large portion of pasta for lunch. Afterwards, they were asked to compare how much they ate in the study to how much they normally eat for lunch, resulting in three intake-evaluation categories: ‘ate less’, ‘ate about the same’ or ‘ate more’.
Main outcome measures: How much participants ate; the extent to which they attributed their food intake to an internal cue (i.e. hunger) and an external cue (i.e. the amount of food served).
Results: Participants served a large portion ate more than those served a small portion, but the magnitude of the portion-size effect did not vary across intake-evaluation categories. Furthermore, although participants in all groups indicated that their hunger influenced how much they ate, only those in the ‘ate more’ group indicated that the amount of food available influenced how much they ate.
Conclusion: People appear to be willing to explain their food intake in terms of an external cue only when they believe that they have eaten more than they normally would. 相似文献
Design: A group of 2011 patients with cardiac diseases was recruited during the first week of cardiac rehabilitation.
Primary outcome measures: Every participant filled in the B-IPQ and the HADS. The qualitative and quantitative analyses of the text using T-LAB identified the most frequent causal attributions and their co-occurrences.
Results: Among the patients, 26% did not recognise any causal attribution. The likelihood that the patients did not provide an answer was increased in older patients, females, patients with lower levels of education and higher levels of depression. Smoking and stress emerged as the most important attributions, followed by genetics, metabolic syndrome, work and nutrition. Four thematic clusters were identified: ‘work and stress’, ‘metabolic syndrome and hypertension’, ‘displeasures and body care’ and ‘heredity and other related diseases’.
Conclusions: This study suggests a classification of the causal attributions in patients with cardiac diseases and identifies thematic patterns and unknown attributions. The themes identified can serve as categories for future closed-ended questions. 相似文献
Methods: A sample of lay people (N = 1956) judged items representing behavioural clusters delineated in the Health Behaviour Taxonomy on 14 constructs.
Results: Significant differences emerged between the physical and psychosocial meta-clusters, as well as among their sub-clusters. For example, physical behaviours were higher on ‘perceived behavioural control’ and ‘impact on health’ compared to psychosocial behaviours, and nutrition was perceived highest on ‘effort’ and ‘non-health rewards’ compared to the other clusters of the physical meta-cluster.
Conclusion: The findings increase our understanding of the logic underlying lay people’s cognitive schema of health behaviour clusters. ‘Cognitive profiles’ that explain differences between the clusters were identified, which can be used to design health messages and interventions targeting multiple health behaviours. 相似文献
Design: Sixty long-haul crew took part in a longitudinal study. Profile characteristics (including chronotype), preparation strategies (sleep, eating and ‘circadian’ behaviours) and illness cognitions were measured at baseline (before a trip).
Main outcome measures: Subjective jet lag (unidimensional and multidimensional) was measured on the crews’ second day off (post-trip).
Results: Hierarchical regression analyses showed that unidimensional jet lag was predicted by the belief in a cyclical timeline, whereas multidimensional jet lag was predicted by multidimensional jet lag at baseline and to a lesser extent by identity. No role was found for profile characteristics and preparation strategies.
Conclusion: Illness cognitions partly explain the experience of perceived jet lag in long-haul cabin crew indicating that jet lag is in part a psycho-social construct, not just a biological one. 相似文献
Design: A cross-sectional online survey was conducted with 535 healthy individuals from the general population (80.6% female, mean age = 29.80).
Main outcome measures: Participants completed CHIPS, SHC, perceived stress scale, pain sensitivity questionnaire, and hospital anxiety and depression scale.
Results: Principal components analysis demonstrated that CHIPS comprised 8 ‘symptoms’ factors as follows; ‘sympathetic/cardiac’ (7 items; α = .827), ‘muscular’ (6 items; α = .752), ‘metabolic’ (5 items; α = .736), ‘gastrointestinal’ (5 items; α = .714), ‘vasovagal’ (4 items; α = .743), ‘cold/flu’ (2 items; α = .837), ‘headache’ (2 items; α = .690) and ‘minor haemorrhagic’ (2 items; α = .309). Significant correlations were observed between factors and SHC subscales (moderate-high), pain sensitivity (negligible-low) and levels of perceived stress and anxiety (low-moderate) indicating good construct, and discriminant validity, respectively.
Conclusions: CHIPS is a multidimensional and internally consistent measurement of physical symptoms. The postulated factor structure may be used for research purposes particularly in health psychology, to consistently differentiate between clusters of self-reported symptoms. 相似文献
Design: We analysed data from open-ended survey items and semi-structured interviews with women who had experienced cancer. Six hundred and ninety-five women completed the online survey and 61 took part in a semi-structured interview. A thematic decomposition was conducted to identify the subject positions associated with menopause taken up by the women.
Results: Three overall themes were identified: ‘The Incomplete Woman,’ ‘The Abject, Asexual Woman’ and ‘Out of Time and Social Isolation.’ Menopause was predominantly constructed as a negative experience, similar to older post-menopausal women and dissimilar to peers, contributing to experiences of social isolation. Menopause also signified the presence of a medically diagnosed cancer condition, and uncertainty around cancer prognosis.
Conclusion: It is important for cancer support group leaders and other service providers to be sensitive to women’s negotiation of menopause following cancer, in the context of broader cultural constructions, in order to provide appropriate information and support. 相似文献
The Ninety‐Nine Beautiful Names of God, al‐maqsad al‐asna, ftshark asma’ alldh al‐husnd. Abo Hamid Al‐Ghazau, Translated with notes by David B. Burreix and Nazih. Daher, 1992. Cambridge, Islamic Texts Society. x + 205 pp., hb. £25.95; pb. £11.95, ISBN 0–946621–31–1.
Jews, Visigoths and Muslims in Medieval Spain: cooperation and conflict. Norman Roth, 1994. Leiden/New York/Koln, E. J. Brill. 367 pp., hb. Gld.l 15.00/865.75, ISBN 90–04–09971–9.
Pious Passenger: the hajj in earlier times. M. N. Pearson, 1994. London, Hurst & Co. 217 pp., hb. £32.50, ISBN 1–85065–217–1.
Popular Culture in Medieval Cairo. Boaz Shoshan, 1993. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press. 148 pp., hb. £27.95, ISBN 0–521–43209‐X.
Byzantium and the Early Islamic Conquests. Walter E. Kaegi, 1992. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press. 313 + xiii pp., hb. n.p., ISBN 0–521–41172–6.
The Last Centuries of Byzantium, 1261–1453. D. M. Nicol, 1993. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press. 463 +xv pp., hb. £60.00, ISBN 0–521–13384–3; pb. £17.95, ISBN 0–521–43991–4.
The Fall of Constantinople, 1453. Steven Runciman, 1965. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press. 256 + xiv pp., pb. £6.95, ISBN 0–521–39832–0.
Religion and Politics in Nigeria: a study in Middle Belt Christianity. Niels Kastfelt, 1994. London/New York, British Academic Press. 204 pp., hb. £35.00, ISBN 1–85043–788–2.
The Modern Middle East: a reader. A. Hourani, P. S. Khoury and M. C. Wilson (Eds), 1993. London, I. B. Tauris. 691 pp., pb. £16.95, ISBN 1–85043–520–0.
Turkey: a modern history. Erik J. Zorcher, 1994 (1993). London, I. B. Tauris. 381 pp., pb. £14.95, ISBN 1–85043–826–9.
Islam in Modern Turkey: religion, politics and literature in a secular state. Richard Tapper (Ed.), 1994 (1991). London, I. B. Tauris. 314 pp., pb. £12.95, ISBN 1–85043–833–1.
Tarbiya: education and politics in Islamic movements in Jordan and Malaysia. Anne Sofie Roald, 1994. Lund, Lund University. 377 pp., pb. n.p., ISBN 91–22–01640–6.
The Resurgence of Central Asia: Islam or nationalism? Ahmed Rashid, 1994. London and New Jersey, Zed Books. 278 + x pp., pb. £14.95, ISBN 1–85649–132–3.
The Muslims of America. Yvonne Y. Haddad (Ed.), 1993. New York, Oxford University Press. 249 pp., pb. n.p., ISBN 0–19–508559–0.
Muslim Communities in North America. Yvonne Y. Haddad & Jane I. Smith (Eds), 1994. Albany, State University of New York Press. 545 pp., hb. $20.95, ISBN 0–7914–2019–1.
Race and Elections: the participation of ethnic minorities in politics. Muhammad Anwar, 1994. Coventry, Centre for Research in Ethnic Relations, University of Warwick. 168 pp., pb. £10.00, ISBN 0–948303–14‐X.
Britannia's Crescent: making a place for Muslims in British society. Danièle Joly, 1995. Aldershot, Avebury. 198 pp., hb. n.p., ISBN 1–85628–680–0.
The Failure of Political Islam. Olivier Roy translated by Carol Volk, 1994. London, I. B. Tauris Publishers. 238 pp., pb. £14.95, ISBN 1–85043–880–3.
Unveiling Islam. Roger du Pasquier translated by T. J. Winter, 1992. Cambridge, Islamic Texts Society. 157 pp., pb. £6.95, ISBN 0–946621–32–2.
L'Islam laïque ou la retour à la grande tradition. Olivler Carrfé, 1993. Paris, Armand Colin. 167 pp., pb. n.p., ISBN 2–200–21403–0.
Dreams in Islam. Umar Azam, 1992. Pittsburgh, PA, Dorrance Publishing Co., Inc. 150 pp., hb. £8.95/514.95, ISBN 0–8059–3252–6.
The Ways of Religion: an introduction to the major traditions. R. Eastman (Ed.), 2nd ed., 1993. Oxford, Oxford University Press. 489 + xiii pp., pb. n.p., ISBN 0–19–507596‐X.
Christianity and World Religions. Hans Kong et al., 1993. London, SCM Press. 460 pp., pb. £12.50, ISBN 0334025397.
Iqrar Awghsburgh: Kit&b al‐iqrar al‐ra'is li‐caqa'id al‐kanisa al‐injtliyya al‐luthuriyya.. M. A. Younan (Ed.), 1993. Jerusalem, Evangelical Lutheran Church. 130 pp., pb. n.p., no ISBN. 相似文献
Methods: Twenty-five participants with IBD and moderate–severe symptoms of anxiety/low mood were recruited for interview. Template analysis was utilised to analyse interview data. We explored the situations, cognitions and behaviour linked to symptoms of anxiety and low mood by people with IBD, as well as the kind of psychological help preferred.
Results: Two themes were identified within participants accounts of symptoms of anxiety; ‘under performance’ and ‘preventing an accident’. Two further themes were identified for symptoms of low mood; ‘lack of understanding’ and ‘stigma’. Expertise and understanding was the main theme identified for the type of psychological help desired.
Conclusion: The analysis highlights situations, cognitions and behaviour linked to anxiety and low mood by people with IBD and the type of psychological support desired. Our findings link to the knowledge and competencies set for psychological therapist working with long-term conditions. 相似文献
‘Being there’ involves dealing with one's own feelings about disability, death, dying, sex, sexuality, anger and so on. Counsellors also have a responsibility to look after their own needs. This means getting regular supervision to discuss the work they are doing and their feelings about this.
Counselling people living with, or affected by HIV brings up feelings of helplessness, anger, fear, grief and despair, but with this comes joy, amazement and wonder at the power and magic in all human beings. 相似文献
The Basics 2: Islam. Roland Machatschke, 1995. London, SCM Press, 89 pp., pb. £5.95, ISBN 0 334 02603 2.
Voices of Islam. John Bowker 1995. Oxford, Oneworld, 188 pp., pb. £8.95, ISBN 1 85168 095 0.
Abraham, A Symbol of Hope for Jews, Christians and Muslims. Kakl‐Josef Kuschel, 1995. London, SCM, xxix + 286 pp., pb. £14.95, ISBN 0 334 02567 2.
Petrus Alfonsi and his Medieval Readers. J Tolan, 1993. Gainesville, University Press of Florida, 288 pp., pb. £15.00, ISBN 0 8130 1239 2; hb, £31.00, ISBN 0 8130 1238 4.
Islamic Science and Engineering. Donald R. Hill, 1993. Edinburgh, Edinburgh University Press, 250 pp., pb. £16.95, ISBN 0 7486 0455 3.
Islam: the view from the edge. Richard W. Bulliet, 1994. New York, Columbia University Press, 236 pp., pb. $16.95, £11.95, ISBN 0 231 08219 3.
Pioneers of Islamic Revival. Ali Rahnema (Ed.), 1994. London, Zed Books, 279 pp., hb. £36.95, ISBN 1 85649 253 2; pb. £14.95, ISBN 1 85649 254 0.
Freiheit der Religion: Christentum und Islam unter dem Anspruch der Men‐schenrechte [Freedom of Religion; Christianity and Islam tinder the claims of human rights]. Johannes Schwartländer (Ed.), 1993. Mainz, Matthias Grünewald Verlag, 474 pp., DM 48.
Religion, Law and Society: A Christian‐Muslim Discussion. Tarek Mitri (Ed.), 1995. Geneva, WCC Publications and Kampen, Kok Pharos, 154pp, pb. £9.95, ISBN 2 8254 1148 5 (WCC) and 90 390 0514 1.
Muslims in Western Europe. J?rgen Nielsen, 1995 (2nd Edition). Edinburgh, Edinburgh University Press, 190 pp., £14.95, ISBN 0 7486 0617 3.
From Ta'izz to Tyneside: an Arab community in the north‐east of England during the early twentieth century. Richard I. Lawless, 1995. Exeter, University of Exeter Press, 292 pp., pb. n.p., ISBN 0 85989 460 6.
The New Middle East. Shimon Peres with Arye Naor, 1993. Shaftesbury, Element Books, 224 pp., hb. £16.99, ISBN 1 85230 519 3.
The Palestinians: the road to nationhood. David McDowall, 1994. London, Minority Rights Group, 215 pp., hb. £15.95, ISBN 1 873194 70 6.
Mahdism in West Africa: the Ijebu Mahdiyya movement. P.B. Clarke, 1995. London, Luzac Oriental, 224 pp., hb. £30.00, ISBN 1 898942 06 4.
Assaulting with Words: popular discourse and the bridle of Sharicah. A. A. Ibrahim, 1994. Evanston, IL, Northwestern University Press, 208 pp., hb. 859.95, ISBN 0 8101 1081 4.
The Vanguard of the Islamic Revolution: the Jama't‐i Islami of Pakistan. Seyyed Vali Reza Nasr, 1994. London, I. B. Tauris, 301 pp., hb. n.p., ISBN 1 85043 862 3; pb. £14.95, ISBN 1 85043 864 1. 相似文献
Design: Fourteen women aged 22–45 years without histories of eating disorders or whole-body scanning took part in semi-structured interviews before and after scanning. Data were analysed using inductive thematic analysis.
Results: Scans did not look as expected, and participants expressed ‘surprise’ and ‘shock’. Participants focused on perceived negative aspects of their bodies as revealed in scan images, and agreed that women with body concerns would find scans too ‘real’ and ‘raw’. Eleven women who met UK Government physical activity and healthy eating guidelines reported that the scan provided additional motivation to maintain, and in nine cases to increase, those behaviours. Two women who neither exercised nor ate healthily would not increase physical activity or change their diets significantly following scanning.
Conclusion: Whole-body scanning may enable maintenance or even acceleration of physical activity and healthy eating, but is unlikely to be useful in promoting initiation of these behaviours. Participants engaged in unhelpful body critique when viewing scans; scanning needs to be confined to contexts where support is provided, to avoid increasing body-related concerns. 相似文献
Original caption: ‘Cutaway View of Camp Century’. Reproduced with permission from National Geographic Magazine. 相似文献