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1.
Multidimensional Perfectionism and Ruminative Brooding in Current Dysphoria,Anxiety, Worry,and Anger
Kirk R. Blankstein Crystal Hillis Lumley 《Journal of Rational-Emotive & Cognitive-Behavior Therapy》2008,26(3):168-193
The current study examined links between dimensions of perfectionism, ruminative and distractive coping, and multiple measures
of current distress (dysphoria, anxiety, worry, and anger) in 205 university students. A main goal was to test the hypothesis
that perfectionism is related to a new measure of the critical maladaptive component of rumination (i.e., ruminative brooding)
that is not confounded with symptoms and confirm that both constructs function as non-specific vulnerabilities for emotional
distress. Our study revealed numerous significant findings, including: (1) socially prescribed perfectionism (SPP) was the
dimension most strongly related to brooding in response to depression and anxiety; (2) SPP, self-oriented perfectionism (SOP),
and brooding predicted various indices of distress; (3) SOP predicted anxiety and worry in women, and it predicted dysphoria
and anger in men; (4) despite the strong associations between ruminative brooding and distress, perfectionism still accounted
for unique variance in distress, and vice-versa. Implications for the issue of the adaptiveness versus maladaptiveness of
perfectionism and for counseling perfectionists who fall into the “brooding trap” are discussed.
相似文献
Kirk R. BlanksteinEmail: |
2.
Clara Wagner John R. Z. Abela Karen Brozina 《Journal of psychopathology and behavioral assessment》2006,28(4):250-260
A self-report checklist assessing the occurrence of stressful life events in children and adolescents' lives was compared to an objectively rated interview to determine whether the checklist would introduce over-reporting of events or over-rating of event severity as a function of child/parent depressive symptoms, cognitive vulnerability, or anxiety. Participants completed the Children's Life Events Scale (CLES), the Life Events Interview (LEI), and questionnaires assessing cognitive vulnerability and symptoms of depression and anxiety. Findings yielded a positive association between the checklist and the interview. Contrary to hypotheses, depressive symptoms, cognitive vulnerability, and anxiety were not associated with over-reporting of events. Anxiety was associated with over-rating of event severity in parents but not children. Findings suggest that the checklist and interview may be equally viable approaches to assessing the occurrence of life events. Findings have mixed implications with regard to assessing event severity, as subjective reports may be systematically influenced by anxiety.
相似文献
John R. Z. AbelaEmail: |
3.
Eric B. Weiser 《Journal of clinical psychology in medical settings》2007,14(4):297-307
Research estimating the comorbidity of asthma and anxiety disorders has produced highly disparate findings and little consensus.
This study is a meta-analytic review of data from 15 independent studies of the co-occurrence of adult asthma and anxiety
disorders and was conducted to provide more precise comorbidity estimates. Aggregating across studies, the average prevalence
of any anxiety disorder among adults with asthma was 34%, indicating a strong relationship between the two conditions in general.
More specifically, the prevalence of panic attacks (25%), panic disorder (12%), agoraphobia (12%), and generalized anxiety
disorder (9%) were considerably higher among adults with asthma than in the general population. However, additional analyses
yielded prevalence estimates for specific phobia (10%), social phobia (7%) and posttraumatic stress disorder (6%) comparable
to or lower than rates observed in the population at large. Attention to psychiatric symptoms should be a crucial component
of asthma management, as anxiety disorders appear to be highly prevalent among persons with asthma and may be associated with
increased asthma morbidity.
相似文献
Eric B. WeiserEmail: |
4.
Douglas M. Leonard Robert A. Steer David J. Rissmiller Aaron T. Beck 《Journal of psychopathology and behavioral assessment》2009,31(1):67-73
To determine whether self-reported symptoms of depression are differentiated by changes in sleeping patterns or appetite,
the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II; Beck et al. 1996) was administered to 1,250 outpatients diagnosed with a major depressive
disorder. A series of focused contrasts supported the hypothesis that the mean BDI-II total scores and the majority of the
symptom ratings of the outpatients who described increases or decreases in their sleeping patterns or appetites were comparable
and higher than the mean BDI-II total scores and symptom ratings of the patients who reported no changes in their sleeping
patterns or appetites. However, the patients who were sleeping less described themselves as being more agitated than those
who were sleeping more. Decreases and increases in sleep or appetite were both discussed as indicating comparable levels of
depressive symptomatology.
相似文献
Robert A. SteerEmail: |
5.
Gerhard Andersson 《Journal of religion and health》2008,47(2):176-187
In the present study a Swedish sample of 118 persons with chronic pain completed online tests on two occasions in association
with treatment trials. A three item subscale measuring praying as a coping strategy was derived from the Coping Strategies
Questionnaire (CSQ), but adapted to refer to “a higher power” instead of “God”. Measures of pain and anxiety/depression were
also included. Results revealed significant associations between praying and pain interference and impairment. Praying was
also associated with anxiety and depression scores. Results also showed that prayer predicted depression scores at follow-up,
and that follow-up prayer was predicted by pain interference at first measurement occasion. Overall, if prayer had any relation
with the other variables it was in the negative direction of more distress being associated with more praying both concurrently
and prospectively.
相似文献
Gerhard AnderssonEmail: Email: |
6.
In this introduction we discuss the motivation behind the workshop “Towards a New Epistemology of Mathematics” of which this
special issue constitutes the proceedings. We elaborate on historical and empirical aspects of the desired new epistemology,
connect it to the public image of mathematics, and give a summary and an introduction to the contributions to this issue.
相似文献
Bernd BuldtEmail: |
Benedikt L?we (Corresponding author)Email: |
Thomas MüllerEmail: |
7.
Rolf Loeber Dustin A. Pardini Alison Hipwell Magda Stouthamer-Loeber Kate Keenan Mark A. Sembower 《Journal of abnormal child psychology》2009,37(6):777-791
Relatively little is known about the factor structure of disruptive behavior among preadolescent girls. The present study
reports on exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses of disruptive girl behavior over four successive data waves as rated
by parents and teachers in a large, representative community sample of girls (N = 2,451). Five factors were identified from parent ratings (oppositional behavior/conduct problems, inattention, hyperactivity/impulsivity,
relational aggression, and callous-unemotional behaviors), and four factors were identified derived from teacher ratings (oppositional
behavior/conduct problems/callous-unemotional behaviors, inattention, hyperactivityimpulsivity, and relational aggression).
There was a high degree of consistency of items loading on equivalent factors across parent and teacher ratings. Year-to-year
stability of factors between ages five and 12 was high for parent ratings (ICC = 0.70 to 0.88), and slightly lower for teacher
ratings (ICC = 0.56 to 0.83). These findings are discussed in terms of possible adjustment to the criteria for children's
disruptive behavior disorders found in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders.
相似文献
Rolf Loeber (Corresponding author)Email: |
Dustin A. PardiniEmail: |
Alison HipwellEmail: |
Magda Stouthamer-LoeberEmail: |
Kate KeenanEmail: |
Mark A. SembowerEmail: |
8.
The present paper explored the relation of wealth and support for self-determination to national subjective well-being (SWB).
Support for self-determination was considered from both a political and cultural values standpoint. The results confirmed
associations between wealth, support for self-determination, and well-being in a large sample of countries. Importantly, political
and cultural value supports for self-determination remained significantly associated with national well-being (as measured
by happiness reports and life expectancy) even after controlling for national differences in wealth.
相似文献
Michelle DownieEmail: |
9.
R. Enrique Varela Juan Jose Sanchez-Sosa Bridget K. Biggs Timothy M. Luis 《Journal of psychopathology and behavioral assessment》2008,30(2):132-145
The cross cultural equivalence of child (n = 217) and parent (n = 283) versions of the revised children’s manifest anxiety scale (RCMAS), multidimensional anxiety scale for children (MASC),
and the fear survey schedule for children—revised (FSSC-R) was examined in Mexican youth in Mexico, and Hispanic and white
European American youth in the USA. The RCMAS, MASC, and FSSC-R showed cross ethnic measurement equivalence. The Mexican and
Hispanic youth reported more worries, and the Mexican youth reported more somatic symptoms than the European American youth.
Per mother report, Mexican and Hispanic youth express more somatic symptoms than European American youth who also show the
least number of fears of the unknown and fears of danger and death. The results support the validity of commonly used child
anxiety measures with these populations and accrue evidence for greater anxiety and fear expression by Hispanic and Mexican
youth in certain domains.
相似文献
R. Enrique VarelaEmail: |
10.
Katrien Verstraeten Michael W. Vasey Filip Raes Patricia Bijttebier 《Journal of abnormal child psychology》2009,37(3):349-361
The present study examined the relations between temperament, ruminative response style and depressive symptoms both cross-sectionally
and prospectively (1 year follow-up) in a community sample of 304 seventh- through tenth-graders. First, higher levels of
negative affectivity (NA), lower levels of positive affectivity (PA) and lower levels of effortful control (EC) were found
to be associated with higher levels of depressive symptoms. Second, the association between NA and PA on the one hand and
depressive symptoms on the other was significantly moderated by level of EC (low PA and high NA are associated with depressive
symptoms only if EC is low) and these relations were moderated by sex in the cross-sectional data. In the prospective data,
T1 depressive symptoms and PA predicted T2 depressive symptoms; with EC approaching significance. Third, rumination also predicted
T1 as well as T2 depressive symptoms. Finally, support was found for a model of moderated mediation: higher levels of NA were
associated with higher levels of ruminative response style, which was in turn related to more depressive symptoms but only
in individuals with low EC and this was true for the cross-sectional as well as the prospective data albeit with noteworthy
differences in pattern. These findings confirm and extend previous findings on the associations between temperament, response
styles and depression in adolescence and, as such, add to the growing body of research providing support for the applicability
of cognitive vulnerability theories to depression in younger populations.
相似文献
Patricia BijttebierEmail: |
11.
Bunmi O. Olatunji Zsolt S. Unoka Eszter Beran Bieke David Tom Armstrong 《Journal of psychopathology and behavioral assessment》2009,31(2):137-142
The present study examined the relationship between disgust sensitivity and symptoms of somatization, obsessive-compulsive
disorder (OCD), interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, anger/hostility, phobic anxiety, paranoid ideation, and psychoticism
in a community sample. Participants (n = 121) completed the Disgust Scale-2, the Symptom Checklist-90, and the harm avoidance subscale of the Temperament and Character
Inventory. Disgust sensitivity was found to be correlated with a broad range of psychopathological symptoms. However, results
also indicated that these correlations were partially mediated by harm avoidance. That is, when controlling for levels of
harm avoidance, the association between disgust sensitivity and psychopathological symptoms was either substantially reduced
or became nonsignificant. These findings suggest that the tendency towards behavioral inhibition to avoid punishment and non-reward
may partially account for the association between disgust sensitivity and a broad range of psychopathological symptoms.
相似文献
Bunmi O. OlatunjiEmail: |
12.
A Longitudinal Study of Relational Aggression, Physical Aggression, and Children's Social–Psychological Adjustment 总被引:3,自引:2,他引:1
Nicki R. Crick Jamie M. Ostrov Nicole E. Werner 《Journal of abnormal child psychology》2006,34(2):127-138
Although great strides have recently been made in our understanding of relational aggression and its consequences, one significant limitation has been the lack of prospective studies. The present research addressed this issue by identifying and assessing groups of relationally aggressive, physically aggressive, relationally plus physically aggressive (co-morbid), and nonaggressive children during their third grade year in elementary school and then reassessing them a year later, during fourth-grade (N = 224, 113 girls). Two aspects of social–psychological adjustment were assessed during both assessment periods including internalizing difficulties (i.e., withdrawal, depression/anxiety, and somatic complaints) and externalizing problems (i.e., aggressive behavior, delinquency). It was revealed that the strongest predictor of future social–psychological adjustment problems and increases in these problems from third to fourth was the combination of relational and physical aggression. Relational aggression also contributed unique information, relative to physical aggression, in the prediction of future maladjustment. Implications of these findings for future research and prevention efforts, particularly for aggressive girls, are discussed.
相似文献
Nicki R. CrickEmail: |
13.
M. Joseph Sirgy 《Applied research in quality of life》2008,3(4):315-317
This is a book review of Daniel M. Haybron’s book titled The Pursuit of Unhappiness: The Elusive Psychology of Well-Being,
published by Oxford University Press, 2008.
相似文献
M. Joseph SirgyEmail: |
14.
Dr. med. Dipl.-Soz. Alf Gerlach 《Forum der Psychoanalyse》2004,20(1):7-12
15.
16.
This study examined concurrent and longitudinal associations between peer deviance, parenting practices, and conduct and oppositional
problems among young girls ages 7 and 8. Participants were 588 African American and European American girls who were part
of a population-based study of the development of conduct problems and delinquency among girls. Affiliations with problem-prone
peers were apparent among a sizeable minority of the girls, and these associations included both males and females. Although
peer delinquency concurrently predicted disruptive behaviors, the gender of these peers did not contribute to girls’ behavior
problems. Harsh parenting and low parental warmth showed both concurrent and prospective associations with girls’ disruptive
behaviors. Similar patterns of association were seen for African American and European American girls. The findings show that
peer and parent risk processes are important contributors to the early development of young girls’ conduct and oppositional
behaviors. These data contribute to our understanding of girls’ aggression and antisocial behaviors and further inform our
understanding of risk processes for these behaviors among young girls in particular.
相似文献
Alison HipwellEmail: |
17.
Behavioral Approach System (BAS) Sensitivity and Bipolar Spectrum Disorders: A Retrospective and Concurrent Behavioral High-Risk Design 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Lauren B. Alloy Lyn Y. Abramson Patricia D. Walshaw Alex Cogswell Jeannette M. Smith Amy M. Neeren Megan E. Hughes Brian M. Iacoviello Rachel K. Gerstein Jessica Keyser Snezana Urosevic Robin Nusslock 《Motivation and emotion》2006,30(2):143-155
In this article, we tested the vulnerability hypothesis of the behavioral approach system (BAS) hypersensitivity model of
bipolar disorders. We examined whether self-reported BAS sensitivity predicts lifetime bipolar spectrum diagnoses as well
as symptoms and personality characteristics associated with bipolar disorder using a retrospective and concurrent behavioral
high-risk design. Participants with high (HBAS; n=28) or moderate (MBAS; n=24) BAS sensitivity were selected and given a lifetime psychiatric diagnostic interview and self-report measures of proneness
to bipolar symptoms, current symptoms, and personality characteristics relevant to bipolarity. HBAS participants were significantly
and substantially more likely to have a lifetime bipolar spectrum disorder diagnosis than were MBAS participants, but did
not differ from MBAS participants in their likelihood of a unipolar depression diagnosis. Also, the HBAS group exhibited higher
impulsivity and proneness to hypomanic symptoms than the MBAS group, and BAS-reward responsiveness predicted hypomanic personality
characteristics. Finally, high behavioral inhibition system (BIS) sensitivity was associated with proneness to and current
depressive symptoms.
相似文献
Lauren B. AlloyEmail: |
18.
In this paper we discuss visualizations in mathematics from a historical and didactical perspective. We consider historical
debates from the 17th and 19th centuries regarding the role of intuition and visualizations in mathematics. We also consider
the problem of what a visualization in mathematical learning can achieve. In an empirical study we investigate what mathematical
conclusions university students made on the basis of a visualization. We emphasize that a visualization in mathematics should
always be considered in its proper context.
相似文献
Kajsa Br?ting (Corresponding author)Email: |
Johanna PejlareEmail: |
19.
Child-Directed Interaction: Prediction of Change in Impaired Mother–Child Functioning 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The first phase of parent–child interaction therapy (PCIT), called child-directed interaction, teaches parents to use positive and differential social attention to improve the parent–child relationship. This study examined predictors of change in mother and child functioning during the child-directed interaction for 100 mother–child dyads. The children were 3–6-years-old and diagnosed with oppositional defiant disorder. After establishing that significant improvements occurred in mother report of child disruptive behavior, parenting stress, and parenting practices, these three variables were combined to form a latent impaired mother–child functioning construct. Structural equation models were examined using maternal demographic and psychosocial variables as predictors of impaired mother–child functioning before and after the child-directed interaction. Mothers’ self-reported daily hassles and depressive symptomatology predicted 74% of variance in impaired mother–child functioning before treatment. Mothers’ report of social support predicted impaired mother–child functioning after the child-directed interaction, with 57% of the variance accounted for in this longitudinal model. These findings suggest the importance of improving maternal social support during the initial phase of PCIT.
相似文献
Sheila M. EybergEmail: |
20.
Michael Drieschner 《Journal for General Philosophy of Science》2008,39(1):1-16