朱熹《周易本义》卷首九图与《易学启蒙》解读

朱熹的易学体系在于熔象数义理于一炉,而重点则是通过象数的研究以补<程传>之不足.<本义>卷首九图与<启蒙>四篇是朱熹所编出的象数大略,构成他的易学体系的主干.朱熹认为,河图洛书是天地自然之易的象数,伏羲八卦是先天之学的象数,文王八卦是后天之学的象数,卦变图是孔子之易的象数.这四种象数虽然层次历然,不可混淆,其实皆不外乎阴阳奇偶之动静循环,至于其动其静,则必有所以动静之理,这就是所谓太极.因而太极阴阳之妙就成为这四种不同象数的共同的本质.太极是理,阴阳是气,所谓太极阴阳之妙,实质上就是一个理与气的关系问题,也就是朱熹理学思想的核心.     

王安石《易象论解》与《序卦传》

<易象论解>是王安石模仿<序卦传>形式所作的另类"新<序卦传>".在<易象论解>中,王安石独辟徯径,发掘<周易>的<大象>传文的内在逻辑联系,按六十四卦的编排顺序,诠释六十四卦卦时相因及相反的关系.不仅从新的角度论证了六十四卦编排顺序的合理性,并且完成了自己政治主张和政治理想的基本表述,在形式和内容上都具有鲜明的时代特色.由此弥补了<序卦传>过于简单的缺陷,丰富了<易传>系统的内容.     

《周易》美学思想刍议

<周易>中关于天地人三才的关系、天人合一、阴阳、刚柔以及神、感、文、象、意等范畴的阐述,成为从美学上解释各种艺术现象和理论的依据.该文对<周易>中美的表现、中和之美、变化之美、阳刚之美、阴柔之美等作了有益的阐述,并试图说明它们对中国古代美学研究和艺术创作所产生的深远而持久的影响.     

早期阴阳家与"卦气"说考索

本文通过对帛书<要>、<管子·五行>、<史记·太史公自序>、<汉书·魏相传>及<汉书·艺文志>等文献资料的考索,初步梳理了早期阴阳家的源流和一些特点,发掘了其在象数易学史上的贡献.认为,早期阴阳家出于古代史官.在史官那里,已达到了象数易学阶段,他们已有了以卦与岁时相配的"卦气"说.早期阴阳家承其做法,以六卦与"五时"相配,纳入五行,而有富有特色的"古五子"的"卦气"说.文章指出,史官是<易>之"古义"的主要掌握者,后来早期阴阳家、道家、儒家等所传习的"卦气"说等象数"古义",当皆本之于他们.     

《周易》的经济管理要义管窥

对<周易>深沉价值进行挖掘与开启,以求古为今用,是当代易学研究的一个重要课题.易学者们已经从象数易、科学易、考古易、人文易等诸多视角入手,全方位地阐述<周易>精义;而如何着眼于<周易>的经文传记,明辨古代易学与现代经济管理的有机关联,乃是中国"<易经>管理学"何以成为可能的原典性证明.对于社会管理人士而言,增强易学修养将大大提高其管理效力.易学于当今社会的鲜活魅力即在此.     

王家台秦简《归藏》出土的易学价值

作者以新出土的<归藏>为主要根据,又征引出土阜阳汉简<周易>、马王堆帛书<周易>和其它文照献资料,对易学界长期争讼不休的问题进行检讨考辨,再次印证了传本<归藏>不伪、<归藏>早于<周易>、文王演易不是重卦、<周易>原为卜筮之书等论断.     

从《吕氏春秋》看秦道家思想特点

<吕氏春秋>是以道家思想为主体兼采阴阳、儒墨、名法、兵农诸家学说而贯通完成的一部晚周巨著.<吕氏春秋>集先秦道家之大成,是秦道家的代表作.本文论述了秦道家思想的特点,由此证明以<吕氏春秋>为代表的秦代新道家之说是能够成立的.     

论《太玄》对《周易》的模仿与改造

<太玄>是模仿<周易>而作,无论是在形式上还是内容上,<太玄>的模仿痕迹都很明显.从性质上看,<太玄>像孟、京易学一样,是一种天人之学.<太玄>的独创性在于体例上采用"三、九"系统;赞辞以生动形象的比喻直接说明事理;<太玄数>所说的筮法仅是扬雄的一个小把戏,没什么实际用途,而他又把五刑、律吕、月令等方面的内容引入<太玄>,以使其也具有"以卜筮者尚其占"的功用.     

《易传》人性论探微

对<系辞>等传中论及人性及其与天道之关系的文字,古今学者的理解各有心得.作者认为,行<系辞>论性语义为一阴一阳的运行变化称之为道,人从天道变化中得到了善,人性使天道赋予人的这种善得到了完成和显现.并且认为,<易传>、<中庸>、<孟子>实际都是认为"性自命出,命从天降"的,都是在人性与天道有一致性的意义上肯定人性善的,故否定<易传>有性善论,以为<易>、<庸>、<孟>的人性说致思路数不同的观点,都是不合实际的.作者又认为,将天道赋予人道正义的意义又返而以支撑人道原则,自<易传>已然,宋儒的天道性命学说与此是一脉相承的,故否定理学与先秦儒学的联系也是不合事实的.作者还认为,中国古代思想家宣扬性善论的主题是弘扬理性,强化人们对人道的自觉与自信,其中凝聚的积极善良的正气,乃是我们民族文化的元神.     

《河图》五行数与《周易》四象数之间的关系

<河图>的五行成数不能与<周易>四象数混同."六、七、八、九"四数在<周易>与<河图>中的含义并不一致;五行成数实际存在两种说法,先秦文献中使用的土的成数是"五",而不是"十",因而五行数到"九"为止;土有成数"十"最初见于汉代,实际是五行学说在<易>理指导下发展的产物.     

Omnipotence in the transference and in the countertransference

The concept of omnipotence refers to a primitive fantasy, a mechanism of defense, and a pathological psychic structure. Omnipotence and its derivative defensive operation, omnipotent control, are highly prevalent in borderline personality organization. Three clinical vignettes illustrate these mechanisms in the treatment of patients with borderline, narcissistic, and obsessive personality disorders, respectively. These vignettes illustrate the transference developments when omnipotence and omnipotence control are dominant, and the therapeutic approach to these conditions.     

Information in the Universe and in the Organism

There is a branch of modern medicine that relies on information rather than on biochemical substances to maintain health and cure disease. Known as information medicine, it offers an important complement to the dominant biochemical approach of mainstream medicine. This note offers a few reflections on the potentials of information medicine in reference to what is currently known regarding the role of information in the universe, and in the living organism.     

The patient in the family and the family in the patient

The notion that the family is “the unit of care” for family doctors has been enigmatic and controversial. Yet systems theory and the biopsychosocial model that results when it is imported into medicine make the family system an indispensable and important component of family medicine. The challenge, therefore, is to provide a coherent, plausible account of the role of the family in family practice. Through an extended case presentation and commentary, we elaborate two views of the family in family medicine — treating the patient in the family and treating the family in the patient — and defend both as appropriate foci for care by family doctors. The practical problem that arises when the family is introduced into health care is deciding when to concentrate on the family system. The moral problems that arise concern how extensively doctors may become involved in the personal lives of their patients and families. The patient-centered clinical method provides a strategy for handling both problems. Thus, making the family a focus of care in family medicine can be justified on theoretical, practical, and moral grounds.     

经济全球化与东西方宗教

本文认为,由于科技的高度发展,信息网络技术的普及,经济全球化已成为不可逆转的发展趋势;而经济全球化必然带来东西方宗教的种种变化。作者从传统宗教的复兴、民族宗教的冲突、宗教与政治的结缘。宗教的普世化与本色化、新兴宗教的异军突起及东西方宗教的交流与融合等６个方面分析了当前东西方宗教的这种发展趋势。     

Spontaneity and Self-Consciousness in the Groundwork and the B-Critique

ABSTRACT

According to some influential readings of the Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals, the view presented there of the kind of spontaneity we are conscious of through theoretical reason and the significance of such self-consciousness is irremediably at odds with the Critical theory, and thus roundly and rightly rejected in the second edition of the Critique of Pure Reason and the Critique of Practical Reason. This paper argues, on the contrary, that the Groundwork can be read as articulating for the first time the account of self-consciousness and spontaneity that Kant goes on to develop in the B-Critique, especially the B-Transcendental Deduction.     

Pavlov and the Pavlovians in the laboratory

The general character of the Pavlovians and their role in the experimental investigation of conditioned reflexes is discussed. From 1897 to 1936, Ivan P. Pavlov had at least 146 co-workers and he was closely involved in their experimental work. The social background, nationality, and gender of the Pavlovians are described together with the daily routine in the laboratories. It is pointed out that, despite Pavlov's authoritarian style, the Pavlovians characterized him as the epitome of a scholar and an admirable human being. It is concluded that the work in the laboratories was truly a cooperative effort between Pavlov and his co-workers.     

Muslims and the media in the blogosphere

In the past two decades a virtual Ummah has evolved in cyberspace. While some of these websites are targeted specifically at Muslims, others attempt to provide outreach on Islam or counter Islamophobic bias. As noted by Jon Anderson, in his pioneering work on Islam in cyberspace, Muslims were among the first engineering students to create websites at the dawn of the Internet, before mainstream Islamic organizations posted official websites. There is a wealth of material by Muslims in English and Western languages, some of it archived for research. This article explores the methodological problems posed in studying the range of Islam-content blogs, from private individuals to religious scholars, as well as Muslim websites that feature comments from readers. The focus of the paper is an analysis of blogs about Islam or by Muslims that either act as watchdogs on the media or try to provide alternative views to the mainstream media of competing Muslim groups. Researching these blogs as a form of e-ethnography calls for a rethinking and refining of anthropological methodology as e-ethnography.