梁武帝天监三年"舍道归佛"辨

梁武帝天监三年"舍道归佛"的诏书,实应受到很大的质疑:一、这么大的事,<梁书·武帝纪>(含<南史>)没有记载;二、梁室初建,在急需收拾人心之际,是不可能以此再添新的乱子;史书中所载的崇佛举措最早在天监十六年,也说明了这一点;三、天监初年,梁武特别崇信祥瑞以安定人心,自不会一下抛开道教;况且,诏书中以周、孔为邪,极尽侮辱、谩骂之辞,也不合梁武帝一贯尊崇儒教的性格.因此,其可信度就要打上很大的折扣,这或许是佛教徒在佛道论争中自张其教而编撰.     

梁武帝天监三年发菩提心“舍道”真伪考辨

佛教文献记录的梁武帝天监三年发菩提心"舍道"一事,因时间、人物等衔接问题,引发诸多争议。本文从文献记载及流传情况着手,结合分析梁初佛、道二教之争,指出梁武帝天监三年发菩提心"舍道",是佛、道二教斗争的结果。     

“壬辰之运”考释

晋南北朝道教特别是上清派中广为流行一种“壬辰之运”的说法,直到唐初尚有流风余韵。对此,一些研究者作了种种猜测,并结合史实推考“壬辰”所指的具体年代。如日本吉冈义丰先生据《太平经复文序》所讲的“壬辰之运”认为是唐太宗贞观壬辰年以前所制作,台湾李丰懋先生也认为此段文字极具影射的用意,预示唐太宗当为太平天子。李又说:陶弘景所撰《胡笳曲》中的“甲辰君”具有现实意义,即指梁武帝,因为梁武帝普通五年(524)恰逢甲辰年;配合上清经中一再强调的太平愿望,梁武帝天监     

陶弘景与梁武帝——陶弘景交游丛考之一

本文以《南史》对陶弘景的评价“山中宰相”为线索,通过对梁武帝舍道入佛,陶弘景为梁武帝炼丹及远游永嘉,礼阿育王塔自誓受戒,进《周氏冥通记》等一系列事件前因后果的讨论,全面分析陶弘景与梁武帝的关系。     

从《八关斋诗》看沈约佛教信仰

<八关斋诗>约作于天监八年,这当是沈约为祈求消病而发愿、舍身下的产物.它并不能充分表明沈约信仰佛教的坚定性,它甚至有迎合梁武帝崇佛的因素.     

范缜的心理学思想述评

范缜(约450—515年),我国南北朝时代重要的唯物主义哲学家、战斗的无神论者、心理学思想家。字子真,南乡舞阴(今河南泌阳县)人,约生于南朝宋文帝元嘉二卡七年,卒子梁武帝天监十四年。范缜少时孤贫,事母孝谨,18岁左右从名儒刘(王献)学习多年。他生活简朴,性情质直,先后仕齐、梁,任尚书殿中郎,尚书左丞等职。曾以光辉的神灭论思想两     

慧泥为形 华彩见真 苏州保圣寺罗汉彩塑的中国化佛教艺术特质

正佛教雕塑作为义理阐释的视觉载体之一,自传入以来就逐步呈现中国化的过程。独特的区域地理环境和古国农业文明,孕育产生了天人合一、以泥为塑和以线写体的中国佛教造像语言的审美哲学。保圣寺原名保圣教寺,坐落于江苏苏州,建于梁武帝天监二年(503),为杜牧诗云"南朝     

从梁武帝看"素食"制度的颁行

"素食"是梁武帝制定而影响至今的佛教僧制和生活方式,本文通过对梁武帝思想中神明不灭与慈悲情怀、因果报应与修行解脱、仁孝心理与养生需求等几个方面的详细分析,可以知道梁武帝采用"素食"成功解决当时佛教问题,并使"素食"僧制传延久远的内在因素。     

白鹤道人的故事

梁武帝天监初年,有一位道人,世人不知其何许人也,更不知其尊姓大名,因常驾白鹤云游天下,故人们尊称日白鹤道人.据<潜山县志·仙释传>记载:他周览各地名山大川,礼拜全国三十六洞天、七十二福地.一天,慕名来到天柱山,朝谒第十四洞天、第五十七福地.见天柱山山体雄伟,气势磅礴,高入苍穹,云飞雾绕,神气氤氲,遂萌生在山中结庐炼修之意.     

陶弘景与儒道释三教

被后人誉为"秦汉神仙府,梁唐宰相家"之一的陶弘景是南朝著名的道士,道教上清派的重要代表人物,又是多才多艺的学者.本文主要通过他的思想和行为论述了他对儒释道三教的观点,第一、陶弘景与儒,体现在三个方面:(1)青年时代的积极出仕、退隐之后仍然关心政治;(2)对朋友情深义重;(3)著述儒家经书.第二、陶弘景与道,体现在两个方面:(1)在道教方面的著述;(2)道教活动.第三、陶弘景与释,(1)在思想方面,主要体现在他的有关佛教的著作上;(2)陶弘景与佛教有关的活动.通过以上这些说明陶弘景调和三教的观点及其重要意义.     

"Psychotherapy" versus "treatment"

Presents a comment on "Psychological treatments" by D. H. Barlow. Barlow proposed that we distinguish between the terms "treatment" and "psychotherapy." The author believes that not only is the distinction unnecessary, but that its implications could have negative consequences for the field of clinical psychology. It is the proposed distinguishing feature that treatments are "specifically tailored to the pathological process that is causing the impairment and distress" that is most problematic. Clinical psychology does not need a distinction that further exacerbates the split between researchers and practitioners.     

"Enmeshment" and "Fusion"

The paper examines two related concepts utilized by two different schools of family therapy. Any family seen to be "enmeshed" is also seen as "fused," and vice versa. The difference in the level of focus, on the "system containing the individuals" (structural) or the "individual in the system" (fusion), determines the difference in therapeutic approach of these two schools.     

“对的”与“好的”

什么是“对的”,和对它的证立,是道德哲学中具有争议性的核心问题,也是效用主义和道义论间的主要差异之所在。统合效用主义对于“好的就是对的”这个陈述有一套完整周延的说法。而道义论对这个问题的证立不够周延或没有足够的说服力。     

"本体论"与"伦理学"--形而上学的两个向度

形而上学有两个密切相关的内在向度,就是本体论向度与伦理学向度.在哲学史上,哲学家们之所以在"追求形而上学"的同时,又总是"反形而上学",并非是人们的形上本性出了问题,而是因为人们总是将形而上学视为单纯的"一维性",总是用一个向度来取代或遮蔽另一个向度.而所谓的"后形而上学思想",也并不是消解了形而上学,而是指形而上学从"本体论向度"转向了"伦理学向度".     

从"管制"到"平衡"--政府与公众理想关系模式的构建及其制度化

论文从行政民主的角度探讨政府与公众之间的理想关系模式及其制度化构建过程 ,将我国在改革之前的政府与公众模式概括为管制模式。论文指出 ,在制度变迁的过程中 ,这一模式日益受到挑战。而在新的制度环境下 ,我国政府与公众的关系模式应该是平衡模式。这一模式的制度化措施包括培育自主的市民社会 ,赋予公众以独立的活动空间 ;促进行政公开 ,建立一个开放负责的政府 ;推进行政法建设 ,抑制行政恣意     

"石狮"、"风水"与"吉祥"

谁都知道,在古老的中国,不管是衙门、宫殿、庙宇的门前,还是豪宅、大户人家的门口,人们都能看到摆着一对石狮。据说,这对石狮子在许多中国人的心目中,它不但是一种气派的象征,而且还是一种被人认为是好的“吉祥物”。如今,旧时的衙门没有了,但遗留下来的宫殿、庙宇的门前,其中有些石狮仍有保存。然而,想像不到的是,这号称“吉祥物”的石狮今天却开始“走”进某些党政机关的大门口,它们(石狮)在那里时时都在保护着这些政府要员“平平安安”、“吉祥如意”。这不仅使我联想起一些极端的报道,有些政府官员为升迁,请算命先生定位,用风水术为政府…     

PREFERRING "HOUSEWIVES" TO "FEMINISTS"

Four studies are described outlining the favorability of attitudes toward women. In Study 1, participants indicated their attitudes toward women and men and their construal of the term "women". The results revealed that women were evaluated more favorably than men, but that male right-wing authoritarians (RWAs) who construed women as referring primarily to feminists were least favorable in their attitudes. In Study 2, participants indicated their attitudes toward both "housewives" and "feminists". The results revealed that feminists were evaluated less favorably than housewives, and that the most negative attitudes toward feminists were expressed by authoritarian men. Study 3 revealed that high-RWA males held more negative symbolic beliefs concerning feminists (i.e., beliefs that feminists failed to promote participants'values) and that these beliefs accounted for variation in attitudes among high RWAs and much of the RWA-attitude relation. Finally, Study 4 revealed that high RWAs perceived greater value dissimilarity between them-selves and feminists. The implications of the findings for future research are discussed.     

"Us" and "Them":

Abstract: In the Aristotelian tradition, politics is a matter of public deliberation over questions of justice and injustice. The Bush administration's response to the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, has been uniformly hostile to this notion, and it has instead promoted a jingoistic politics of self‐assertion by an America largely identified with the executive branch of its government. This is doubly disturbing, as the executive branch has sought to free itself from international law, multinational commitments, and domestic judicial regulation, even as it has sought to validate itself by demonizing its enemies. This essay draws out the disturbing echoes here of Carl Schmitt's work of the 1920s, in particular of Schmitt's conception of the sovereign as the ungrounded ground of the law and the political as the site of mortal conflict between friend and enemy. The essay argues that Schmitt's position in the twenties, for all of its evident problems, is superior to that of Bush, Wolfowitz, and Ashcroft in at least two senses: Schmitt condemns the idea of waging war for profit and recognizes that such wars will often be disguised as moral crusades waged against the “inhuman”; and he acknowledges that claiming to fight a war for humanity denies one's enemies their humanity, leaving them open to torture and even extermination.