共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
David Braun 《Philosophical Studies》2008,141(2):243-262
I criticized Jeffrey King’s theory of complex demonstratives in “Problems for a Quantificational Theory of Complex Demonstratives.”
King replied in “Complex Demonstratives as Quantifiers: Objections and Replies.” I here comment on some of King’s replies.
相似文献
David BraunEmail: |
2.
Toomela A 《Integrative psychological & behavioral science》2007,41(2):198-207
In this paper I suggest that to better understand knowledge construction in science, and the role of social processes and
collaboration in it, it is useful to distinguish between “elaborative knowledge” and “emergent knowledge.” Elaborative knowledge
is constructed for solving clearly defined problems in established theoretical frameworks, and emergent knowledge refers to
the knowledge constructed to reach a hierarchically higher and more complex level of scientific understanding. There are also
two types of collaboration. On the one hand there is “dialogical collaboration” in which team members contribute to reaching
the common clearly defined objective so that a team as a whole becomes qualitatively more complex than its members alone.
On the other hand there is “unidirectional collaboration” where the result of collaboration is determined by one person, should
be distinguished. There is evidence from multiple perspectives indicating that “elaborative knowledge” can be developed in
both kinds of collaboration and sometimes ‘dialogical collaboration” is necessary for knowledge construction. However, for
building “emergent knowledge,” it is argued, only individual or “unidirectional collaboration” is productive, and “dialogical
collaboration” can hinder or even prevent the construction of this kind of knowledge.
相似文献
Aaro ToomelaEmail: |
3.
Wolfgang Fasching 《Continental Philosophy Review》2009,42(2):131-148
In this paper I discuss the nature of the “I” (or “self”) and whether it is presupposed by the very existence of conscious experiences (as that which “has” them) or whether it is, instead, in some way constituted by them. I argue for the former view and try to show that the very nature of experience implies a non-constituted synchronic
and diachronic transcendence of the experiencing “I” with regard to its experiences, an “I” which defies any objective characterization.
Finally I suggest that the self, though irreducible to inter-experiential relations, is not a “separately existing entity”,
but should be conceived of as a dimension, namely the dimension of first-personal manifestation of the experiences.
相似文献
Wolfgang FaschingEmail: |
4.
Tomasz Szkudlarek 《Studies in Philosophy and Education》2007,26(3):237-252
The paper assumes that education is part of the process of discursive construction of society. The theoretical framework on
which this argument is based includes Ernesto Laclau’s theory of the “ontological impossibility and political necessity of
society”, and the role discourse and empty signifiers play in the establishment of political identities. Laclau’s theory is
supplemented here by ideas of Derrida, Lacan, Žižek and Marx, and by other traits in contemporary semiotics that relate to
the notion of “the void” in semantic systems. My claim is that empty signifiers, crucial to the production of the totality
of society, are discursively produced, among others, in pedagogical debates. This is illustrated by one historical example
(Rouuseau), which gives ground for more contemporary analyses, and on the basis of the present economic discourse of educating
and the idea of “knowledge society”. The main conclusion is that education, in contemporary discourse of learning, becomes
a neurotic symptom of the lack of overt domination in social relations.
相似文献
Tomasz SzkudlarekEmail: |
5.
Paweł Rojek 《Axiomathes》2008,18(3):359-377
Universals are usually considered to be universal properties. Since tropes are particular properties, if there are only tropes,
there are no universals. However, universals might be thought of not only as common properties, but also as common aspects
(“determinable universals”) and common wholes (“concrete universals”). The existence of these two latter concepts of universals
is fully compatible with the assumption that all properties are particular. This observation makes possible three different
trope theories, which accept tropes and no universals, tropes and determinable universals and tropes and concrete universals.
相似文献
Paweł RojekEmail: |
6.
Enactive appraisal 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Giovanna Colombetti 《Phenomenology and the Cognitive Sciences》2007,6(4):527-546
Emotion theorists tend to separate “arousal” and other bodily events such as “actions” from the evaluative component of emotion
known as “appraisal.” This separation, I argue, implies phenomenologically implausible accounts of emotion elicitation and
personhood. As an alternative, I attempt a reconceptualization of the notion of appraisal within the so-called “enactive approach.”
I argue that appraisal is constituted by arousal and action, and I show how this view relates to an embodied and affective
notion of personhood.
相似文献
Giovanna ColombettiEmail: |
7.
Chris R. Schlauch 《Pastoral Psychology》2006,55(1):61-80
This essay considers how we “create meaning” in the interplay of “felt sense” and “symbols,” and examines the direct and immediate interplay between some common everyday experiences and a series of concepts from psychoanalytic perspectives to reveal how this interplay has affinities with religion. Psychoanalysis and religion are overlapping projects. Psychoanalytic symbolizing of experience facilitates our knowing features of religion not previously known, as well as knowing features previously known, in new ways.
相似文献
Chris R. SchlauchEmail: |
8.
Anti-Autonomism Defended: A Reply to Hill 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Stephen Maitzen 《Philosophia》2008,36(4):567-574
In the current issue of this journal, Scott Hill critiques some of my work on the “is”-“ought” controversy, the Hume-inspired
debate over whether an ethical conclusion can be soundly, or even validly, derived from only non-ethical premises. I’ve argued
that it can be; Hill is unconvinced. I reply to Hill’s critique, focusing on four key questions to which he and I give different
answers.
相似文献
Stephen MaitzenEmail: |
9.
Daniel E. Flage 《Philosophia》2009,37(3):379-380
This note is a reply to some of Giovanni Grandi’s comments on my paper “Berkeley’s Contingent Necessities.”
相似文献
Daniel E. FlageEmail: |
10.
In this article we defend the inferential view of scientific models and idealisation. Models are seen as “inferential prostheses”
(instruments for surrogative reasoning) construed by means of an idealisation-concretisation process, which we essentially
understand as a kind of counterfactual deformation procedure (also analysed in inferential terms). The value of scientific
representation is understood in terms not only of the success of the inferential outcomes arrived at with its help, but also
of the heuristic power of representation and their capacity to correct and improve our models. This provides us with an argument
against Sugden’s account of credible models: the likelihood or realisticness (their “credibility”) is not always a good measure
of their acceptability. As opposed to “credibility” we propose the notion of “enlightening”, which is the capacity of giving
us understanding in the sense of an inferential ability.
相似文献
Xavier de Donato RodríguezEmail: |
Jesús Zamora Bonilla (Corresponding author)Email: |
11.
This article examines the common-sense and methodical ways in which “the citizen” is produced and enrolled as an active participant
in “sustainable” regional planning. Using Membership Categorization Analysis, we explicate how the categorization procedures
in the Foreword of a draft regional planning policy interactionally produce the identity of “the citizen” and “civic values
and obligations” in relation to geographic place and institutional categories. Furthermore, we show how positioning practices
establish a relationship between authors (government) and readers (citizens) where both are ascribed with the same moral values
and obligations toward the region. Hence, “the citizen” as an active participant in “sustainable” regional planning is viewed
as a practical accomplishment that is underpinned by a normative morality associated with the task of producing orderliness
in “text-in-interaction.”
相似文献
Barbara AdkinsEmail: |
12.
Michael Davis 《Philosophia》2009,37(2):211-225
Though this paper is mostly about a sense of “profession” common in much of the West, it explains how the term might apply
in any country (especially how the profession of engineering differs from the function, discipline, and occupation of engineering).
To do that, I have to explain the connection between “profession” (in my preferred sense) and another hard-to-translate term,
“code of ethics” (in the sense it has in the expression “code of engineering ethics”). To understand engineering (or any other
occupation) as a profession is to adopt a certain conception of it, one neither old nor (yet) universal. With that conception
in hand, it should be possible for social science to answer the question posed in the title.
相似文献
Michael DavisEmail: |
13.
Moran Shoham 《Journal of religion and health》2008,47(1):70-74
This paper aims to suggest the notion of layers of dying, as a metaphorical discussion of states that call for the breakdown
of opposites and a unification in the form of a lived experience. Artistic talent is seen as a personal capacity to sustain
such a state and transform it into a communicative form that is accessible to us all. Winnicott, in his “fear of breakdown”
paper is a main source of influence, along with Bion who encouraged the articulation of “stray thoughts.”
相似文献
Moran ShohamEmail: |
14.
Gregory Landini 《Axiomathes》2009,19(2):115-142
This is a critical discussion of Nino B. Cocchiarella’s book “Formal Ontology and Conceptual Realism.” It focuses on paradoxes
of hyperintensionality that may arise in formal systems of intensional logic.
相似文献
Gregory LandiniEmail: |
15.
Peter Godfrey-Smith 《Philosophical Studies》2009,145(2):273-295
16.
J. Angelo Corlett 《Journal of Academic Ethics》2008,6(3):205-209
This paper amounts to a reply to Professor Donald G. Brown’s thoughtful comment on my “Ethical Issues in Journal Peer-Review”,
which appeared in this journal.
相似文献
J. Angelo CorlettEmail: |
17.
Angela M. Smith 《Philosophical Studies》2008,137(1):31-39
In his recent book, In Praise of Blame, George Sher argues (among other things) that a bad act can reflect negatively on a person if that act results in an appropriate
way from that person’s “character,” and defends a novel “two-tiered” account of what it is to blame someone. In these brief
comments, I raise some questions and doubts about each of these aspects of his rich and thought-provoking account.
相似文献
Angela M. SmithEmail: |
18.
Jason Kawall 《Philosophia》2006,34(2):153-156
In my “Promising and Supererogation” I argue that one cannot fulfill promises to perform supererogatory actions (such as “I hereby promise to perform one supererogatory action every month”). In a response to my paper, David Heyd argues that there is an alternative solution to the problem I raise. While I agree with much that Heyd says about the examples he discusses, his proposed solution involves a crucial alteration of the problem; his proposed solution does not solve the problem I present.
相似文献
Jason KawallEmail: |
19.
Ekaterina Velmezova 《Studies in East European Thought》2008,60(4):349-362
Criticizing the works of “Western” specialists in semantics, Soviet academician M. M. Pokrovskij (1868–1942) comes to the
conclusion that social factors are essential for semantic evolution, while psychological factors constitute an intermediate
link between the “external” life of a society and the semantics of the corresponding language. This conception resembles the
general explanations of semantic evolution proposed by N. Ja. Marr (1864–1934). Nevertheless, despite a number of common points
in the semantic theories of these two researchers, Pokrovskij’s attitude towards Marr was negative: in particular, he disagreed
with the thesis of the chronological primacy of Marr’s discoveries in the domain of semantics. The article investigates why
Pokrovskij had for a long time constituted an intermediate link between Russian and “Western” “traditions” in the field of
semantics.
相似文献
Ekaterina VelmezovaEmail: |
20.
Takasuna M 《Integrative psychological & behavioral science》2007,41(1):83-92
When the field of psychology was first introduced into Japan, it was based on the proliferation of Western thought, particularly
experimentation and Darwinian evolutionary theory. The current Japanese word for psychology, shinrigaku, was coined by scholar Amane Nishi in the early 1870s. It originally meant “mental philosophy,” not psychology. Nishi also
translated “subject” and “object” into Japanese. Before that, objectivity was not a concept in Japan. And although psychological
experimentation must have prompted the subject/object division, experiments did not take root in Japanese psychology until
Yujiro Motora, considered the founder of Japanese psychology, established the first psychological laboratory in 1903 at the
University of Tokyo. In regards to Darwinian evolutionary theory, it is likely that scholars (e.g., biologists, sociologists,
politicians) more readily accepted the theory when introduced into Japanese society in the 1870s because Japanese embrace
a view that maintains diffuse boundaries between humans and animals. Finally, the roles of Japanese scholars who studied abroad
during of the inception of psychology in Japan are discussed.
相似文献
Miki TakasunaEmail: |