积极心理团体辅导促进新生心理健康的干预研究

为检验积极心理学导向的团体辅导效果,促进大学新生心理健康水平,研究选取大一新生36名作为被试,随机分为实验组18名和对照组18名,对实验组进行连续6周、每周1次的积极心理团体辅导,对照组不干预。结果表明,干预组被试自尊和内控性得分显著提高,抑郁得分显著降低,而对照组18名被试得分没有显著差异,追踪评估结果显示团体辅导结束后6周干预效果依然存在。由此可见,积极心理学取向的团体辅导能有效提高大一新生的心理健康水平。     

系统心理干预增进初二学生良好学业情绪的实验研究

采用2(实验班、对照班)×2(班级辅导+教师与家长辅导、注意即心理安慰剂)×3(学业情绪、自我概念、学业成绩)的实验设计,对65名初中二年级学生进行系统心理干预实验研究.实验研究结果表明:班级辅导+教师与家长辅导的系统心理干预方法可以增加初二学生的正向学业情绪,减少负向学业情绪,并且干预后间隔一个月有延续效应;经过系统心理干预,学生的自我概念也有相应的提升,同时也明湿地提高了学业成绩.说明系统心理干预对增进初二学生良好学业情绪足有效的.     

团体心理辅导对大学生人际交往影响的长期效果的研究

以团体心理辅导技术对34名大学生进行为期6周的团体心理辅导,并于9个月后对辅导的效果进行再评估.结果表明:团体心理辅导对大学生人际交往问题的干预有效;实验组的干预对大学生人际交往影响不仅有即时提高与改善效应,还有潜在的长期效应;因为交往各变量的复杂性,在团体辅导后各变量的具体变化趋势又略有不同.     

一例大学新生人际关系适应不良咨询案例报告

本文是对一名大学新生人际适应不良问题进行咨询的心理辅导案例报告。主要采用了合理情绪治疗等方法,并请来访者的家长与教师协助对来访者进行干预。通过咨询,使来访者用理性思维方式代替非理性思维方式,树立合理的信念,使其改变认知倾向,建立自信,逐渐适应大学新的人际关系,基本上达到了比较好的咨询效果。     

浅谈大学新生心理健康问题

心理健康是培养高素质人才的必要条件和要求。而大学新生的心理正处于由不适应向适应的转变时期,他们的心理素质还不够成熟,不够完善。在这个关键时期必须加强心理素质的培养．本对大学新生的心理现状进行了分析探讨,并提出了加强大学新生心理健康教育的几点思考。     

高校毕业生择业焦虑的心理教育实验研究

通过组织择业心理辅导小组对毕业生择业焦虑进行干预,考察其心理教育效果.采用实验组、对照组前后测实验设计,以《高校毕业生择业焦虑问卷》和《状态-特质焦虑量表》为测量工具.结果表明,实验组(n=18)与对照组(n=34)的后测结果差异显著,实验组与对照组的前后测结果差量之间有显著差异,对前测结果进行控制的协方差分析也表明实验组与对照组的组间差异显著.说明研究所设计的小组心理辅导与行为治疗相结合的心理教育方案是帮助毕业生克服择业焦虑的有效方法,可用于毕业生择业心理教育.     

生涯发展辅导对大学生自我同一性发展的影响研究

本研究按随机和匹配的原则,将235名大学生分成实验组与对照组。对实验组大学生进行了为期两个月的生涯发展辅导,对照组大学生在自然状态下发展。采用加藤厚编制的自我同一性地位量表测量大学生自我同一性,观察生涯发展辅导对大学生自我同一性发展的影响。结果发现,与对照组相比实验组大学生自我同一性水平显著提高。     

大学新生的心理健康状况与心理社会因素

对刚刚入学的大学新生来讲,他们的学习、生活环境以及个人和社会对他们的期望都发生了很大的变化,但由于对自己对新环境缺乏正确的认识,大学新生很容易产生各种各样的心理矛盾和冲突。如果这些问题不能及时解决,不仅影响其学业,还可能会影响到他们走上社会以后的适应问题。因此,本文拟就大学新生的心理健康状况与心理社会因素进行探讨,试图为高校心理健康工作提供参考和依据。[第一段]     

大学生人际交往团体心理辅导的实效研究

1　问题提出　　人际交往障是影响大学生心理健康的占第一、第二位的影响因素 ,人际关系不良学生往往有更多心理健康问题 ,大学生人际交往存在问题很多。团体心理辅导是在团体领导者的带领下 ,团体成员围绕某些共同关心的问题 ,通过一定的活动形式与人际互动 ,相互启发、诱导 ,形成团体的共识与目标 ,进而改变成员的观念、态度和行为。本人以团体心理辅导技术对师专生进行了为期 6周的团体心理辅导 ,并进行了实验组与控制组的比较 ,实验组辅导后与九个月后的比较。目的是要探讨通过团体心理辅导改善大学生人际交往的羞怯、交流恐惧、社交回…     

大学新生的心理特殊性及其教育

大学新生是个特殊的群体,正处“成年”与“成人”的交界地带。他们心理机能的发展已相对成熟．但还缺乏自主掌控和熟练运用的能力;他们对大学满怀美好的期冀,但却对怎样才能适应大学生活,怎样才能走好自己的成才之路感到迷茫困惑,了解扣把握大学新生的心理特殊性,抓住大学第一年这个对大学生的学业成就和身心健康极为关键的时期．有针对性地对其进行教育和引导,提高他们自我认知的能力,提高他们对大学的环境、学习、人际交往以及个体价值体现标准的分析与适应的能力,这是当前高校学生教育中一个紧迫而重要的任务。     

高中生考试焦虑的团体辅导干预研究

通过对高一、高二学生被试实验组13人进行为期一周的考试焦虑团体辅导、控制组14人进行一般性团体辅导,探讨团体辅导对高中生考试焦虑水平的改善作用。结果表明,经过干预训练后,实验组被试的考试焦虑水平显著低于控制组被试、对考试重要性的认识显著优于控制组被试,但在考试策略上不存在显著差异。这意味着考试焦虑的团体辅导干预能有效地降低考试焦虑水平、提升对考试重要性的合理认识程度。     

Effectiveness of the career interest profile

This study examined the effectiveness of group‐based career counseling using the Career Interest Profile (CIP). The study used an experimental design involving 2 groups of Italian university students: an experimental group (42 participants) who received narrative career counseling and a control group (47 participants) who did not. Results indicated more specific life and occupational goals after the intervention among members of the experimental group in addition to a decrease in career decision‐making difficulties and an increase in career decision‐making self‐efficacy, thus suggesting the value of group‐based career counseling on the basis of the principles embodied in the CIP.     

Professional Outreach Counseling Can Help the Juvenile Probationer: A Two Year Follow-up Study

Sixty-one subjects in a previously reported experimental evaluation of Project CREST were followed during a 2-year period after treatment and compared on official acts of misconduct. Over the 2 years, the 30 youths who had received the counseling services in addition to probation were charged with significantly fewer acts of misconduct at a lower monthly rate than the 31 youths in the control group who had received probation but no counseling. The upturn in offense rate among the control group was attributed to the removal of probationary control. The study's results, in conjunction with previous evaluation findings, indicated that short-term professional counseling coupled with probation can have more immediate and longer lasting effects than probation alone in reducing juvenile misconduct.     

积极心理学在戒毒人员团体辅导中的应用

戒毒人员的心理干预与矫治正日益受到重视。积极心理学关注人们发掘自身的积极品质和积极力量,戒毒人员同样拥有的积极力量。本研究对上海市某强制隔离戒毒所的戒毒人员开展了以积极心理学为理论基础的团体心理辅导。团体辅导之后,实验组在正性情感和乐观上的得分都显著高于团体辅导前,对照组在团体辅导前后则没有显著变化。可见,将积极心理学应用于戒毒人员的团体辅导具有积极意义,团体辅导是一种有效的戒毒心理矫治方式。     

555例危险行为高危青少年的心理干预：来自个体辅导和团体辅导的效果对照

对有较高风险发展为危险行为青少年的高危群体实施有针对性的心理干预是非常有价值的。本研究对青少年危险行为高危人群进行结构化的个体与团体心理干预,评估两种干预的即时效果和六个月的预后情况。采用《青少年健康相关危险行为问卷》等量表对16所中职院校的学生进行筛查,共555名学生参加本研究,被随机分为个体、团体和对照组并分别进行干预。结果发现：干预后,个体心理干预组被试的危险行为水平、心理健康以及抑郁和焦虑情绪均获得显著改善,并且6个月的预后效果依然明显,而接受团体辅导干预组仅在抑郁指标上有所改善,在危险行为评分、焦虑和心理健康水平上均没有明显的改善。研究认为,对危险行为易感青少年的心理干预应以经过良好设计的个体心理干预为主、团体干预为辅的方式进行。     

Differential outcomes of skill training,group counseling,and individual cognitive therapy for persons with acquired visual impairment

As part of the Living Skills Training Program, group counseling and individual cognitive therapy were implemented to decrease psychological distress for adults with acquired visual impairment. This quasi‐experimental design study compared the outcomes of a 6‐month skill training program combined with a group counseling program (n = 37), with (n = 9) or without (n = 10) individual cognitive therapy, and with a control group (n = 42). The outcome measures were the Profile of Mood States and the Nottingham Adjustment Scale Japanese Version. The results showed that participants with low psychological distress decreased anxiety and increased acceptance of disability, even when they did not participate in group counseling. However, among the participants with high distress, they did not show any improvement without group counseling or individual therapy. The participants with high distress who engaged in group counseling showed an improving trend in attitudes toward others. Moreover, the participants who chose to engage in individual therapy in addition to group counseling showed decreased tension‐anxiety, depression, and fatigue, and significantly improved acceptance of disability. These results suggest that group counseling, combined with individual cognitive therapy, can be an effective part of rehabilitation treatment for clients who have high psychological distress.     

Attribution Retraining as a Structured Group Counseling Intervention

The efficacy of attribution retraining as a structured group counseling intervention was tested. Participants were classified as having either an adaptive or nonadaptive attributional style. Three groups of participants were then created: Adaptive Group, Nonadaptive Group, Treatment Group (nonadaptive attributional style participants who received treatment involving attribution retraining). Results indicated that participants in the Treatment Group made relatively more adaptive attributions (similar to the adaptive Group) for an experimentally induced uncontrollable failure and reported lower levels of depressive mood than the Nonadaptive Group. Results are discussed as providing partial support for the efficacy of attribution retraining as a structured group counseling intervention.     

Marathon Group Therapy with Former Drug Users

This article deals with a study that assessed the effects of marathon group therapy on the attitudes of the participants in a 16-hour-long marathon group. The participants were all former drug users who were transferred from prison to a residential drug treatment center. The volunteer residents, who were randomly divided into control and experimental groups, completed posttests that included the following semantic differential concepts: kindness, reality, the future, anger, guilt, my real self, drug treatment programs, counselors, counseling, and group counseling. Evaluative (E) and Potency (P) scales were obtained for each concept. The results showed that experimental group members responded higher on the Group Counseling (E) subscale and lower on the guilt (E) subscale than the control group members.     

Changes in Clients' Images of God Over the Course of Outpatient Therapy

The authors examined the impact of outpatient counseling on clients' psychological symptoms and on their image of God. Thirty participants in a counseling treatment group and 68 participants in a no‐treatment control group completed the Brief Symptom Inventory and the Adjective Checklist at 2 separate times. Counseled participants experienced significant reductions of psychological symptoms over the course of treatment whereas the control group showed no changes. Furthermore, ratings of God's agreeableness significantly increased (toward compassion) for clients in the treatment group, whereas no such changes were noted for the control group.     

Professional involvement in self-help groups for parents of high-risk newborns

Patterns of professional involvement and control in self-help groups were studied through a questionnaire completed by representatives of 63 self-help groups for parents of high-risk newborns located throughout the United States. Results indicated that when professionals began a group, they were likely to continue to maintain control over it. Groups controlled by professionals were more likely to utilize professional counseling as a form of support and less likely to provide outreach services to parents following hospital discharge of their infants. Group stability, growth, and innovation were associated with more consultation between parents and professionals in the planning process.