共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Miklós Ferenczi 《Studia Logica》2007,87(1):1-11
It is known that every α-dimensional quasi polyadic equality algebra (QPEA
α
) can be considered as an α-dimensional cylindric algebra satisfying the merrygo- round properties . The converse of this proposition fails to be true. It is investigated in the paper how to get algebras in QPEA from algebras
in CA. Instead of QPEA the class of the finitary polyadic equality algebras (FPEA) is investigated, this class is definitionally
equivalent to QPEA. It is shown, among others, that from every algebra in a β-dimensional algebra can be obtained in QPEA
β
where , moreover the algebra obtained is representable in a sense.
Presented by Daniele Mundici
Supported by the OTKA grants T0351192, T43242. 相似文献
2.
Pierluigi Minari 《Studia Logica》1983,42(4):431-441
We give completeness results — with respect to Kripke's semantic — for the negation-free intermediate predicate calculi: (1) $$\begin{gathered} BD = positive predicate calculus PQ + B:(\alpha \to \beta )v(\beta \to \alpha ) \hfill \\ + D:\forall x\left( {a\left( x \right)v\beta } \right) \to \forall xav\beta \hfill \\ \end{gathered}$$ (2) $$T_n D = PQ + T_n :\left( {a_0 \to a_1 } \right)v \ldots v\left( {a_n \to a_{n + 1} } \right) + D\left( {n \geqslant 0} \right)$$ and the superintuitionistic predicate calculus: (3) $$B^1 DH_2^ \urcorner = BD + intuitionistic negation + H_2^ \urcorner : \urcorner \forall xa \to \exists x \urcorner a.$$ The central point is the completeness proof for (1), which is obtained modifying Klemke's construction [3]. For a general account on negation-free intermediate predicate calculi — see Casari-Minari [1]; for an algebraic treatment of some superintuitionistic predicate calculi involving schemasB andD — see Horn [4] and Görnemann [2]. 相似文献
3.
Alan L. Gross 《Psychometrika》1981,46(2):161-169
In predicting
scores fromp > 1 observed scores
in a sample of sizeñ, the optimal strategy (minimum expected loss), under certain assumptions, is shown to be based upon the least squares regression weights
computed from a previous sample. Letting
represent the correlation between
and the predicted values
, and letting
represent the correlation between
and a different set of predicted values
, where w is any weighting system which is not a function of
, it is shown that the probability of
being less than
cannot exceed .50. The relationship of this result to previous research and practical implications are discussed. 相似文献
4.
Athanassios Tzouvaras 《Journal of Philosophical Logic》1996,25(6):581-596
Let ? be the ordinary deduction relation of classical first-order logic. We provide an “analytic” subrelation ?3 of ? which for propositional logic is defined by the usual “containment” criterion $$\Gamma \vdash ^a \varphi iff \Gamma \vdash \varphi and Atom(\varphi ) \subseteq Atom(\Gamma ),$$ whereas for predicate logic, ?a is defined by the extended criterion $$\Gamma \vdash ^a \varphi iff \Gamma \vdash \varphi and Atom(\varphi ) \subseteq ' Atom(\Gamma ),$$ where Atom(?) $ \subseteq '$ Atom(Γ) means that every atomic formula occurring in ? “essentially occurs” also in Γ. If Γ, ? are quantifier-free, then the notions “occurs” and “essentially occurs” for atoms between Γ and ? coincide. If ? is formalized by Gentzen's calculus of sequents, then we show that ?a is axiomatizable by a proper fragment of analytic inference rules. This is mainly due to cut elimination. By “analytic inference rule” we understand here a rule r such that, if the sequent over the line is analytic, then so is the sequent under the line. We also discuss the notion of semantic relevance as contrasted to the previous syntactic one. We show that when introducing semantic sequents as axioms, i.e. when extending the pure logical axioms and rules by mathematical ones, the property of syntactic relevance is lost, since cut elimination no longer holds. We conclude that no purely syntactic notion of analytic deduction can ever replace successfully the complex semantico-syntactic deduction we already possess. 相似文献
5.
6.
M. C. Corballis 《Psychometrika》1971,36(3):243-249
SupposeD is a data matrix forN persons andn variables, and
is the matrix obtained fromD by expressing the variables in deviation-score form. It is shown that ifD has rankr,
will always have rank (r−1) ifr=N<n, otherwise it will generally have rankr. If
has ranks,D will always have ranks ifs=n, but ifs<n it will generally have rank (s+1). Thus two cases can arise, Case A in whichD has rank one greater than
, and Case B in whichD has rank equal to
. Implications of this distinction for analysis of cross products versus analysis of covariances are briefly indicated. 相似文献
7.
A reduction rule is introduced as a transformation of proof figures in implicational classical logic. Proof figures are represented as typed terms in a -calculus with a new constant P
(()). It is shown that all terms with the same type are equivalent with respect to -reduction augmented by this P-reduction rule. Hence all the proofs of the same implicational formula are equivalent. It is also shown that strong normalization fails for P-reduction. Weak normalization is shown for P-reduction with another reduction rule which simplifies of (( ) ) into an atomic type.This work was partially supported by a Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research No. 05680276 of the Ministry of Education, Science and Culture, Japan and by Japan Society for the Promotion of Science.
Hiroakira Ono 相似文献
8.
Probabilistic inference forms lead from point probabilities of the premises to interval probabilities of the conclusion. The probabilistic version of Modus Ponens, for example, licenses the inference from \({P(A) = \alpha}\) and \({P(B|A) = \beta}\) to \({P(B)\in [\alpha\beta, \alpha\beta + 1 - \alpha]}\) . We study generalized inference forms with three or more premises. The generalized Modus Ponens, for example, leads from \({P(A_{1}) = \alpha_{1}, \ldots, P(A_{n})= \alpha_{n}}\) and \({P(B|A_{1} \wedge \cdots \wedge A_{n}) = \beta}\) to an according interval for P(B). We present the probability intervals for the conclusions of the generalized versions of Cut, Cautious Monotonicity, Modus Tollens, Bayes’ Theorem, and some SYSTEM O rules. Recently, Gilio has shown that generalized inference forms “degrade”—more premises lead to less precise conclusions, i.e., to wider probability intervals of the conclusion. We also study Adam’s probability preservation properties in generalized inference forms. Special attention is devoted to zero probabilities of the conditioning events. These zero probabilities often lead to different intervals in the coherence and the Kolmogorov approach. 相似文献
9.
Richard L. Veech Yoshihiro Kashiwaya M. Todd King 《Integrative psychological & behavioral science》1995,30(4):283-307
Living cells create electric potential force,E, between their various phases by at least three distinct mechanisms. Charge separation,
相似文献
10.
J. Michael Dunn 《Studia Logica》1995,55(2):301-317
We give a set of postulates for the minimal normal modal logicK
+ without negation or any kind of implication. The connectives are simply , , , . The postulates (and theorems) are all deducibility statements . The only postulates that might not be obvious are
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