共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Karen Umemoto Charlene K. Baker Susana Helm Tai-An Miao Deborah A. Goebert Earl S. Hishinuma 《American journal of community psychology》2009,44(3-4):221-232
Youth violence is a serious public health problem affecting communities across the United States. The use of a social ecological approach has helped reduce its prevalence. However, those who have put the approach into practice often face challenges to effective implementation. Addressing social ecology in all its complexity presents one obstacle; the ability of private non-profit and public agencies to sustain such comprehensive efforts presents another. Here, we provide an example of our efforts to prevent youth violence. We worked with the Asian/Pacific Islander Youth Violence Prevention Center (APIYVPC) and two communities on O`ahu. We provide a case example from the Asian/Pacific Islander Youth Violence Prevention Center (APIYVPC) of our work, in collaboration with two communities on O`ahu, to develop and implement a youth violence prevention initiative that is becoming both comprehensive and sustainable. We illustrate the incremental nature of what it means to be comprehensive and we underscore the importance of reaching sustainability as the project unfolds. 相似文献
2.
Anthony P.S. Guerrero Deborah A. Goebert Daniel A. Alicata Cathy K. Bell 《Aggression and violent behavior》2009,14(6):499-505
The quality of youth violence prevention practice is dependent on the quality of education and training of professionals who will care for disadvantaged and/or underserved youth. The authors propose that culturally responsive youth violence prevention curricula, focused on Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders, should: 1) target institutions that train health professionals likely to serve Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders; 2) promote the professional development of Asian American and Pacific Islander students and enhance all students' comfort in addressing behavioral, social, and cultural concerns; 3) cover specific issues relevant to Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders, including the role of acculturative stress, socioeconomic hardship, and other risk factors that may account for mental health disparities; and 4) continuously engage researchers, educators, and community stakeholders in cooperatively and creatively applying new knowledge to clinical challenges. The authors summarize resources for youth violence prevention education that have been used for training healthcare professionals in a multicultural context. 相似文献
3.
Research into the prevalence of violence and delinquency among Asian American and Pacific Islander (AAPI) youth has proliferated in the last several years, as a result of federal funding. Consequently, this article reviews the literature on AAPI youth violence and delinquency published from 2001 to 2008. The findings demonstrate the frequency of AAPI youth violence and delinquency, provide a sense of the involvement of these youth in the juvenile justice system, reveal ethnic group differences in violence and delinquency, and explore the effects of immigration and acculturation on these phenomena. This article ends with a discussion on AAPI youth violence and delinquency prevention programs, with suggestions for future directions that incorporate a developmental and life-course approach in research and collaboration among researchers, practitioners, and policymakers. 相似文献
4.
When various contemporary issues of crime, violence, and gangs confronting Asian American and Pacific Islander (AAPI) communities are presented, they are often explained from an ahistorical perspective. This leads to a decontextualized understanding of the communities and the challenges they face. The first part of this article will provide a general historical overview of selected AAPI communities that examines salient aspects of immigration and racialization, resulting in generations living a circumscribed life on the margins of mainstream society. The balance of the article will draw on U.S. Census datasets from 1990 to 2000 to capture the size and growth of Asian American and Pacific Islander communities, and provide population, language, citizenship, education, income, and poverty data to contextualize emerging crime, violence, and gang issues that affect these communities. Data will show commonalities across AAPI communities, but will also reveal information specific to AAPI subgroups, shedding more light on the state of AAPI communities and their diversity. 相似文献
5.
LGBT Community, Social Network Characteristics, and Smoking Behaviors in Young Sexual Minority Women
Michelle Marie Johns Emily S. Pingel Emily J. Youatt Jorge H. Soler Sara I. McClelland Jose A. Bauermeister 《American journal of community psychology》2013,52(1-2):141-154
Smoking rates among young sexual minority women (YSMW) are disproportionately high as compared to heterosexual populations. While this disparity has commonly been attributed to the sexual minority stress process, little empirical work has explored what may protect YSMW from high rates of smoking. Using data (N = 471) from a cross-sectional study designed to investigate YSMW’s (age 18–24) smoking behaviors and correlates; we explore the relationship of LGBT community connections, YSMW’s social network characteristics, and stress to smoking behaviors (i.e., status, frequency, amount). Through this analysis, we find support for LGBT community connection as well as friendships with other sexual minorities as protective in relation to YSMW’s smoking behaviors. We discuss the implications of our results, highlighting the need for future longitudinal research and interventions designed to bolster YSMW’s connections to the LGBT community and their social networks. 相似文献
6.
Christine J. Yeh Noah E. Borrero 《Journal of multicultural counseling and development》2012,40(4):227-239
The authors evaluated a health careers program in a U.S. urban public high school. After small subgroups of the original sample were removed, participants included 162 Asian American and Pacific Islander students. Analyses of covariance indicated that, compared with the comparison group, the treatment group reported significantly higher levels of social support, school engagement, interest in learning, vocational expectations, and ethnic identity. Implications for multicultural counseling in schools are discussed. Los autores evaluaron un programa de carreras sanitarias en una escuela secundaria pública de Estados Unidos. Tras la eliminación de pequeños subgrupos de la muestra original, los participantes incluyeron 162 estudiantes Asiático‐Americanos e Isleños del Pacífico. Los análisis de covarianza indicaron que, comparado con el grupo de comparación, el grupo de tratamiento expresó unos niveles significativamente mayores de apoyo social, participación escolar, interés en el aprendizaje, expectativas vocacionales e identidad étnica. Se discuten las implicaciones para la consejería multicultural en escuelas. 相似文献
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8.
Markus H. Schafer 《Journal for the scientific study of religion》2013,52(1):35-56
Prayer is often an interpersonal phenomenon. It represents not only a form of social support shared between or among people, but also a means of embedding an unobservable actor (God) within a conventionally observable social network. This study considers whether the receipt of intercessory prayer from close network ties is associated with future‐oriented well‐being. Analyses use social network module data from the Portraits of American Life Study (PALS), a nationally representative study of American adults containing a breadth of information not available in prior studies of networks, prayer, and well‐being. Despite experiencing more instances of recent adversity (mental or physical health problem, financial trouble, and unemployment), prayed‐for PALS respondents report the highest levels of optimism. Furthermore, the association between network prayer and optimism is robust to inclusion of individual‐level indicators of religiosity. Finally, other forms of social support that an individual receives from his or her close ties do not explain the benefits of intercessory prayer. 相似文献
9.
Sarah E. Barnes Kathryn H. Howell Laura E. Miller-Graff 《Journal of aggression, maltreatment & trauma》2016,25(5):470-486
The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between childhood polyvictimization and social support from family and friends in emerging adulthood. Emotion dysregulation was also investigated as a potential mediator underlying this relationship. Results indicated that childhood polyvictimization was significantly related to lower reports of social support from both family and friends. Emotion dysregulation was positively related to childhood polyvictimization, and negatively related to social support from family only. Additionally, emotion dysregulation partially mediated the relationship between childhood polyvictimization and support from family, suggesting that the ability to regulate one’s emotions could be particularly influential in family relationships. Results underscore the pervasive nature of childhood polyvictimization, and offer directions for intervention efforts targeted at emerging adults with polyvictimization histories. 相似文献
10.
Based on Bakan’s (1966) theory, Helgeson (1994) presented a conceptual model of the relationships of biological sex, agency, and communion with psychological and physical
well-being. This study was designed to examine the relationships of mitigated and unmitigated agency (M, M-) /communion (F,
F-) with mental health in Japanese young adults. Participants were 602 (247 men, 355 women) undergraduate students and vocational
school students in Japan. The average age of the participants was 20.0 years (SD=4.1). The results showed that communion (F)
was positively associated with social support, unmitigated communion (F-) was strongly and positively associated with dysphoria
for both men and women, unmitigated agency (M-) was also positively associated with dysphoria for women, and agency (M) was
negatively associated with dysphoria for women. Both M and F were positively associated and F- was negatively associated with
self-esteem for both men and women. M may moderate F-, and social support may moderate M-, for women. Thus our findings partially
supported Helgeson’s model. 相似文献
11.
The present study aimed to examine the effects of attachment, social support and resilience on posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms in people living with HIV/AIDS. One hundred fifty-two HIV+ adults in China were investigated. The results suggested that attachment anxiety had a significant direct effect on PTSD symptoms and impacted PTSD symptoms indirectly though associations with social support and resilience. Attachment avoidance could also be considered a distal risk factor of PTSD symptoms via the mediation of social support and resilience. The findings highlight the importance of identifying trauma and PTSD symptoms in people affected by HIV/AIDS and suggest that people with attachment anxiety and low social support resources might be at high risk for PTSD. 相似文献
12.
Social Support. Physiological Processes, and Health 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Bert N. Uchino Darcy Uno & Julianne Holt-Lunstad 《Current directions in psychological science》1999,8(5):141-148
Social relationships serve important functions in people's everyday lives. Epidemiological research indicates that supportive relationships may also significantly protect individuals from various causes of mortality, including cardiovascular disease. An important issue is how social support influences such long-term health outcomes. In this article, we review evidence indicating that social support may influence mortality via changes in the cardiovascular, endocrine, and immune systems. These data suggest that it may be worthwhile to incorporate social-support interventions in the prevention and treatment of physical health problems. 相似文献
13.
This study examined the association between support/interference from the best friend and closest parent to women's (a) satisfaction with the parent–daughter relationship, (b) satisfaction with the friendship, and (c) love for the romantic partner. The respondents (n = 162 females; 84% Caucasian, 1% Asian American, 10% Hispanic, 4% African American, and 1% Multiracial) completed a questionnaire packet to assess each of the factors. Results revealed that romantic love was unrelated to friend support, friend interference, or parental interference, but positively related to parental support. Parent support was a significant correlate of parent satisfaction, and a similar pattern emerged between friend support/friendship satisfaction. Further, best friend support moderated the relationship between friend interference and friendship satisfaction, such that interference was negatively related to satisfaction in low support conditions. Overall, the results suggested that network reactions to romance played a limited role in romantic affection, but were more strongly associated with network satisfaction. 相似文献
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15.
Relationships Among Disease,Social Support,and Perceived Health: A Lifespan Approach 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1 下载免费PDF全文
Justin E. Heinze Daniel J. Kruger Thomas M. Reischl Suzanne Cupal Marc A. Zimmerman 《American journal of community psychology》2015,56(3-4):268-279
We examined the relationship between the cumulative presence of major disease (cancer, stroke, diabetes, heart disease, and hypertension), social support, and self‐reported general and emotional well‐being in a community representative sample of predominantly White and African American respondents (N = 1349). Across all ages, greater presence of disease predicted poorer reported general health, and predicted lower emotional well‐being for respondents 40 and above. In contrast, social support predicted better‐reported general and emotional well‐being. We predicted that different types of social support (blood relatives, children, friends, community members) would be relatively more important for health in different age groups based on a lifespan or life stage model. This hypothesis was supported; across all ages, social support was related to better reported general and emotional health, but sources of support differed by age. Broadly, those in younger age groups tended to list familial members as their strongest sources of support, whereas older group members listed their friends and community members. As a whole, social support mediated the effect of disease on reported well‐being, however, moderated mediation by type of support was not significant. The results are consistent with a lifespan approach to changing social ties throughout the life course. 相似文献
16.
Kenneth P. Tercyak Beth N. Peshkin Leslie R. Walker Mark A. Stein 《Journal of clinical psychology in medical settings》2002,9(1):35-50
Cigarette smoking and other forms of tobacco use among children and adolescents is a significant public health concern. The negative consequences of prolonged exposure to such substances are numerous, and include higher prevalence rates of cardiopulmonary dysfunction and certain cancers, and may lead to other forms of drug use. Identifying subgroups of youth who may be at greater risk than others to develop a nicotine habit is an important step forward in preventing smoking initiation, and controlling tobacco use. One such subgroup is children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). This is because the prevalence of smoking among these youngsters is nearly twice as high as it is among those who are unaffected with ADHD. However, the etiology of this association is not known. It is possible that a constellation of social, behavioral, and biological factors influences this process, resulting in higher prevalence rates. To further our understanding of this problem, we reviewed each of these factors in relationship to smoking and to ADHD. Using the primary care population as a model, we then discuss clinical research methods that may shed additional light on this topic, as well as the strengths and limitations of current smoking prevention and cessation options for ADHD-affected youth who are assessed and treated in medical settings. 相似文献
17.
Janet L. Thomas Glenn N. Jones Isabel C. Scarinci Phillip J. Brantley 《Journal of clinical psychology in medical settings》2007,14(4):351-359
This study examined the association of social support (SS) and affective disturbance among low-income primary care patients
with no chronic illnesses vs. those with type 2 diabetes vs. those with other chronic illnesses. The sample was predominantly
middle aged (47.2 years old), African American (74%) and female (80%), with an average individual monthly income of approximately
$500. Participants (N = 326) were administered the Diagnostic Interview Schedule, IV and the Interpersonal Support Evaluation List. Logistic regression
results indicated that each standard deviation decrease in SS, increased the odds of having a depressive or anxiety disorder
diagnosis by .618 OR (CI .472, .808, p < .000) for all study participants; .438 OR (95% CI .195, .987, p = .046) for those with hypertension, asthma and/or arthritis; and .326 OR (95% CI .141, .755, p = .009) for those with type 2 diabetes. Results suggest that SS may serve an important role in the association between stress
and depression/anxiety diagnoses among low-income, primary care patients.
This paper was awarded the Lifescan Diabetes Research Award at the 23rd Annual Meeting of the Society of Behavioral Medicine. 相似文献
18.
考察尼古丁依赖对男性吸烟者感知戒烟行为控制的预测及他人戒烟社会支持和抱怨批评的调节作用。对326名男性吸烟者进行问卷调查,结果显示:(1)尼古丁依赖显著负向预测感知行为控制;(2)社会支持和抱怨批评共同调节两者关系;在高社会支持且低抱怨批评、高抱怨批评且低社会支持的条件下,尼古丁依赖的预测作用不显著。结果说明,高社会支持在尼古丁依赖削弱感知行为控制过程中起缓冲作用,而高抱怨批评削弱社会支持的缓冲作用。 相似文献
19.
The risk of tobacco use during adolescence may be traced back to early childhood, the time when a child is most vulnerable
to environmental influence. We examined daily-life enrichment during pre-kindergarten period as a predictor of initiation
of cigarette smoking among Asian American and Hispanic/Latino children during adolescence. Survey data were collected from
students in grades seven to nine in California. Among the 2,719 participants who completed the survey, 37% were Asian American
and 44% were Hispanic/Latino. Five aspects of childhood life before kindergarten were assessed, including having lots of toys
for the child, parents' read to the child often, having a plenty of good food for the child, bringing the child to travel,
and parents spending adequate time with the child. Findings from our research indicate that children with more enriched early
childhood are less likely to start smoking during adolescence. Consequently, enhancing daily life during early childhood may
represent a new strategy for adolescent smoking prevention. 相似文献
20.
This study is unique in addressing developmental correlates of direct social support for young children in a high risk sample,
in contrast to previous studies addressing social support for caregivers. Participants were drawn from a prospective, longitudinal
study of at-risk children. Social support was rated from maternal interviews throughout early childhood. Support from the
mother was assessed from mother-child observations. Outcomes included internalizing and externalizing behavior problems measured
from first through tenth grades. The most common support providers were biological fathers, followed by grandparents and other
providers. Using multilevel modeling, higher quantity, higher quality, and lower disruption of support predicted lower starting
levels of behavior problems, controlling for support from the mother. Disruption was associated with change in slope. Gender
differences were found for externalizing behavior intercepts. Social support provides a promotive factor for young high risk
children. Implications include involving children's social support providers in prevention and intervention programs. 相似文献