共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Rumination in Response to Stress as a Common Vulnerability Factor to Depression and Substance Misuse in Adolescence 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The current study examined rumination in response to stress as a common vulnerability factor to both depression and substance
use problems in adolescence. Specifically, we used a multi-wave longitudinal design to examine whether adolescents who tend
to ruminate in response to stress exhibit increases in depressive symptoms and substance misuse following the occurrence of
negative events. At time 1, adolescents (n = 161) completed measures assessing depressive symptoms, substance misuse, and the tendency to ruminate in response to stress.
Every 6 weeks for the next 18 weeks participants completed measures assessing the occurrence of negative events, depressive
symptoms, and substance misuse. Hierarchical linear modeling analyses indicated that adolescents who tend to ruminate in response
to stress report greater elevations in depressive symptoms and substance misuse following elevations in negative events than
other adolescents. The relationship between rumination, negative events, and substance misuse was moderated by age. Support
was not obtained for fluctuations in depressive symptoms as a mediator of the relationship between negative events and substance
misuse. Fluctuations in negative affect, however, were found to mediate this relationship.
相似文献
Steven A. SkitchEmail: |
2.
Habitual emotional state is a predictor of long-term health and life expectancy and successful emotion regulation is necessary
for adaptive functioning. However, people are often unsuccessful in regulating their emotions. We investigated the use of
cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression in 489 university students in Norway, Australia, and the United States and
how these strategies related to measures of well-being (affect, life satisfaction, and depressed mood). Data was collected
by means of selfadministered questionnaires. The major aims of the study were to begin to explore the prevalence of use of
cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression across gender, age and culture, possible antecedents of emotion regulation
strategies, and the influence of emotion regulation upon well-being. Results showed that the use of emotion regulation strategies
varied across age, gender and culture. Private self-consciousness (self-reflection and insight) was found to be a central
antecedent for the use of cognitive reappraisal. Use of emotion regulation strategies predicted well-being outcomes, also
after the effect of extraversion and neuroticism had been controlled for. Generally, increased use of cognitive reappraisal
predicted increased levels of positive well-being outcomes, while increased use of expressive suppression predicted increased
levels of negative well-being outcomes.
相似文献
Silje Marie HagaEmail: |
3.
Various investigators have proposed that people may feel simultaneous positive and negative affect. However, experimental
evidence from tests of a recent theory about the intensity of emotion (J. W. Brehm, 1999) suggests that even when they are
invited by the experimental design, positive and negative emotions do not occur at the same time. When people have been instigated
to feel a particular emotion, such as happiness, and then are given a reason (e.g., sad news) for not feeling happy, they
report continued happiness but no increase in sadness unless the reason for feeling sad is very great, in which case sadness
replaces happiness. The present paper briefly reviews the underlying theory and evidence, and discusses implications.
相似文献
Jack W. BrehmEmail: |
4.
Roger Crisp 《Ethical Theory and Moral Practice》2008,11(3):233-246
This paper is a discussion of the emotion of compassion or pity, and the corresponding virtue. It begins by placing the emotion
of compassion in the moral conceptual landscape, and then moves to reject the currently dominant view, a version of Aristotelianism
developed by Martha Nussbaum, in favour of a non-cognitive conception of compassion as a feeling. An alternative neo-Aristotelian
account is then outlined. The relation of the virtue of compassion to other virtues is plotted, and some doubts sown about
its practical significance.
相似文献
Roger CrispEmail: |
5.
In this introduction we discuss the motivation behind the workshop “Towards a New Epistemology of Mathematics” of which this
special issue constitutes the proceedings. We elaborate on historical and empirical aspects of the desired new epistemology,
connect it to the public image of mathematics, and give a summary and an introduction to the contributions to this issue.
相似文献
Bernd BuldtEmail: |
Benedikt L?we (Corresponding author)Email: |
Thomas MüllerEmail: |
6.
Rolf Loeber Dustin A. Pardini Alison Hipwell Magda Stouthamer-Loeber Kate Keenan Mark A. Sembower 《Journal of abnormal child psychology》2009,37(6):777-791
Relatively little is known about the factor structure of disruptive behavior among preadolescent girls. The present study
reports on exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses of disruptive girl behavior over four successive data waves as rated
by parents and teachers in a large, representative community sample of girls (N = 2,451). Five factors were identified from parent ratings (oppositional behavior/conduct problems, inattention, hyperactivity/impulsivity,
relational aggression, and callous-unemotional behaviors), and four factors were identified derived from teacher ratings (oppositional
behavior/conduct problems/callous-unemotional behaviors, inattention, hyperactivityimpulsivity, and relational aggression).
There was a high degree of consistency of items loading on equivalent factors across parent and teacher ratings. Year-to-year
stability of factors between ages five and 12 was high for parent ratings (ICC = 0.70 to 0.88), and slightly lower for teacher
ratings (ICC = 0.56 to 0.83). These findings are discussed in terms of possible adjustment to the criteria for children's
disruptive behavior disorders found in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders.
相似文献
Rolf Loeber (Corresponding author)Email: |
Dustin A. PardiniEmail: |
Alison HipwellEmail: |
Magda Stouthamer-LoeberEmail: |
Kate KeenanEmail: |
Mark A. SembowerEmail: |
7.
Erin T. Barker Nancy L. Galambos 《Journal of psychopathology and behavioral assessment》2009,31(1):43-50
Common measures of eating disorder symptoms contain affect-related items. When associations between negative affect and eating
disorder symptoms are examined, criterion confounding is possible. The current study explored whether criterion confounding
biases estimates of relations between symptoms of binge eating and negative affect. Data were collected from first-year university
student women via 14-day web-based daily diaries. The Minnesota Eating Behavior Survey (MEBS) measured daily symptoms of binge
eating, and the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) measured daily negative affect. The inclusion of affect-related
items in the MEBS biased mean level tests of negative affect, correlations of negative affect with symptoms of binge eating,
and associations between the likelihood of reporting behavioral symptoms of binge eating and same-day negative affect. Converging
results demonstrated the need to measure associated features and risk factors separately from problematic eating behavior
symptoms.
相似文献
Erin T. BarkerEmail: |
8.
Paul J. Silvia Ann G. Phillips Miriam K. Baumgaertner Emily L. Maschauer 《Motivation and emotion》2006,30(3):225-231
Many experiments have found that emotional experience affects self-focused attention. Several approaches to cognition and
emotion predict that conscious emotional experience may be unnecessary for this effect. To test this hypothesis, two experiments
primed emotion concepts without affecting emotional experience. In Experiment 1, subliminal exposure to sad faces (relative
to happy faces and neutral faces) increased self-focused attention but not subjectively experienced affect. In Experiment
2, a scrambled-sentences task that primed happy and sad emotion concepts increased self-focused attention relative to a neutral
task. Thus, simply activating knowledge about emotions was sufficient to increase self-focused attention. The discussion considers
implications for research on how emotional states affect self-awareness.
相似文献
Paul J. SilviaEmail: |
9.
Jean-Michel Saury 《Phenomenology and the Cognitive Sciences》2009,8(2):245-260
Negation is a fundamental component of communication (no-answers), cognition (logical negation), perception (different color),
attitude (dislike), emotion (hatred), and volition (disagreement). Its many uses make it difficult to provide an integrated
definition of the concept. The aim of this paper is to show that an integrated definition of the concept can be arrived at
by means of a phenomenological method structuring it into three general essences labelled lack, otherness and obstruction.
相似文献
Jean-Michel SauryEmail: |
10.
Elaheh Hejazi Mehrnaz Shahraray Masomeh Farsinejad Ali Asgary 《Social Psychology of Education》2009,12(1):123-135
The purpose of this study was to assess the mediating effect of self-efficacy on the relationship between identity styles
and academic achievement. Four-hundred high school students (200 male, 200 female) who were selected through cluster random
sampling, completed the Revised Identity Styles Inventory (ISI, 6G) and Morgan-Jink Student Efficacy Scales (MJSES). Path
analysis was used to analyze the data. In general, the results indicated that informational identity style had a positive
direct impact on academic achievement, while diffuse/avoidance identity style had a negative effect on academic achievement.
Data also suggested that informational and normative identity style had a positive influence on academic achievement through
the mediation of academic self-efficacy.
相似文献
Elaheh HejaziEmail: |
11.
Dr. med. Dipl.-Soz. Alf Gerlach 《Forum der Psychoanalyse》2004,20(1):7-12
12.
This is a critical discussion of a paper on the problem of bootstrapping by Jose Zalabardo.
相似文献
Anthony BruecknerEmail: |
13.
Michael Drieschner 《Journal for General Philosophy of Science》2008,39(1):1-16
14.
Enactive appraisal 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Giovanna Colombetti 《Phenomenology and the Cognitive Sciences》2007,6(4):527-546
Emotion theorists tend to separate “arousal” and other bodily events such as “actions” from the evaluative component of emotion
known as “appraisal.” This separation, I argue, implies phenomenologically implausible accounts of emotion elicitation and
personhood. As an alternative, I attempt a reconceptualization of the notion of appraisal within the so-called “enactive approach.”
I argue that appraisal is constituted by arousal and action, and I show how this view relates to an embodied and affective
notion of personhood.
相似文献
Giovanna ColombettiEmail: |
15.
Jeremy Gwiazda 《Philosophia》2006,34(4):437-438
When two omnipotent beings are randomly and sequentially selecting positive integers, the being who selects second is almost
certain to select a larger number. I then use the relativity of simultaneity to create a paradox by having omnipotent beings
select positive integers in different orders for different observers.
相似文献
Jeremy GwiazdaEmail: |
16.
In this paper we discuss visualizations in mathematics from a historical and didactical perspective. We consider historical
debates from the 17th and 19th centuries regarding the role of intuition and visualizations in mathematics. We also consider
the problem of what a visualization in mathematical learning can achieve. In an empirical study we investigate what mathematical
conclusions university students made on the basis of a visualization. We emphasize that a visualization in mathematics should
always be considered in its proper context.
相似文献
Kajsa Br?ting (Corresponding author)Email: |
Johanna PejlareEmail: |
17.
Socioemotional Selectivity Theory (Carstensen, L. L., Isaacowitz, D. M., & Charles, S. T. (1999). American Psychologist, 54, 155–181) posits that older adults, and anyone else who perceives their time as limited, show a motivational shift toward
emotion regulation which causes them to exhibit a positivity bias and negativity avoidance in attention and memory. We tested
whether such a motivational shift can indeed cause changes in emotional processing by manipulating motivation in a sample
of young adults. After the manipulation, participants looked at real-world images while their eye movements were tracked.
It was found that participants motivated to regulate emotion attended less to negative than positive images and showed less
looking time to all stimulus types compared to the other two conditions. No evidence was found linking the motivational manipulation
to emotional memory.
相似文献
Derek M. IsaacowitzEmail: |
18.
This study examined to what extent bullying behavior of popular adolescents is responsible for whether bullying is more or
less likely to be accepted or rejected by peers (popularity-norm effect) rather than the behavior of all peers (class norm).
Specifically, the mean level of bullying by the whole class (class norm) was split into behavior of popular adolescents (popularity-norm)
and behavior of non-popular adolescents (non-popularity-norm), and examined in its interaction with individual bullying on
peer acceptance and peer rejection. The data stem from a peer-nominations subsample of TRAILS, a large population-based sample
of adolescent boys and girls (N = 3312). The findings of multilevel regression analyses demonstrated that the negative impact of individual bullying on peer
acceptance and the positive impact on peer rejection were particularly weakened by bullying by popular adolescents. These
results place the class-norm effects found in previous person-group dissimilarity studies in a different light, suggesting
that particularly bullying by popular adolescents is related to the social status attached to bullying.
相似文献
Jan Kornelis DijkstraEmail: |
19.
20.
Thomas Uebel 《Journal for General Philosophy of Science》2007,38(2):383-391
This paper responds to a recent criticism of Uebel's analysis of Neurath's protocol statements and proposes some independent
amendments.
相似文献
Thomas UebelEmail: |