Common Core Thesis and Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Mysticism in Chinese Buddhist Monks and Nuns

This study explores the phenomenological structure of mystical experience among 139 Chinese Pure Land and Chan Buddhist monks and nuns. Semi‐structured interviews, thematic coding, and statistical analyses demonstrated that Stace's common facets of mysticism as measured by Hood's Mysticism Scale (M Scale) successfully described Buddhist experience as modified by Buddhist doctrines. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) revealed that these facets could be formed into Stace's three‐factor structure. A mystical introvertive unity hypothesized to be separate from an extrovertive unity instead converged in the Chinese Buddhist context. These results lend strong support to the thesis that the phenomenology of mystical experience reveals a common experiential core that can be discerned across religious and spiritual traditions. These data also demonstrated that this common core can and should be explored using mixed methods.     

The Construction,Preliminary Validation,and Correlates of a Dream‐Specific Scale for Mystical Experience

This study aimed to create and test a dream‐specific version of Hood's Mysticism (M) Scale for the purpose of studying dreaming mystical experience. Factor analysis of the Spiritual Dreams Scale (SDS), based on data collected from 289 adults affiliated with an American evangelical Christian school, clearly resulted in three factors in accordance with prior studies of the M Scale. However, the factor composition of the SDS did not identically resemble the findings of previous studies of the M Scale. Instead, the three‐factor solution suggested a Jamesian interpretation according to which the factors were labeled mystical psychology (passivity), perceived alternate reality (ineffability), and noesis. Scores on the SDS shared significant positive correlations with scores for absorption, dream beliefs, dream recall, and kataphatic prayer. A scale for apophatic prayer failed to share a significant correlation with the SDS.     

The Moderating Impact of Social Networks on the Relationships Among Core Values,Partisanship, and Candidate Evaluations

Social networks are increasingly becoming recognized as a source of influence on political attitudes and behavior. In this study, we examine the moderating impact of social networks on the relationship among several attitudes. We argue that those who regularly interact with individuals with different views from their own will be more likely to think of themselves in nonpartisan terms. It is therefore hypothesized that an individual's discussion network influences the relationship between one's support for various core values and one's partisanship. As a corollary, we argue that disagreement in discussion networks reduces individuals' reliance on partisanship when forming subsequent attitudes. To test these propositions, we employ data asking respondents to list individuals with whom they discuss politics on a regular basis and who such individuals supported in a recent election to create a measure of network disagreement. Empirical tests provide strong support for our hypotheses.     

大学生自尊与社会适应的关系:积极核心图式与同伴依恋的链式中介效应分析

采用自尊量表、简明核心图式量表、同伴依恋量表和中国大学生适应量表调查华中三省5所大学大一至大三年级共459名大学生,运用偏差校正的百分位Bootstrap方法探索大学生积极核心图式和同伴依恋在自尊和社会适应之间的链式中介作用。结果发现：（1）大学生自尊、积极核心图式、同伴依恋与社会适应两两之间均呈显著正相关;（2）大学生自尊对社会适应的直接效应和间接效应均显著。间接效应包括了三条路径：通过积极核心图式的中介作用、通过同伴依恋的中介作用以及通过积极核心图式-同伴依恋的链式中介作用。这一结论有助于理解自尊对社会适应的作用机制,为未来大学生社会适应能力的提升提供建议。     

大学生自尊与社会适应的关系:积极核心图式与同伴依恋的链式中介效应分析

采用自尊量表、简明核心图式量表、同伴依恋量表和中国大学生适应量表调查华中三省5所大学大一至大三年级共459名大学生,运用偏差校正的百分位Bootstrap方法探索大学生积极核心图式和同伴依恋在自尊和社会适应之间的链式中介作用。结果发现：（1）大学生自尊、积极核心图式、同伴依恋与社会适应两两之间均呈显著正相关;（2）大学生自尊对社会适应的直接效应和间接效应均显著。间接效应包括了三条路径：通过积极核心图式的中介作用、通过同伴依恋的中介作用以及通过积极核心图式-同伴依恋的链式中介作用。这一结论有助于理解自尊对社会适应的作用机制,为未来大学生社会适应能力的提升提供建议。     

社交网站成瘾与青少年抑郁的关系:认知负载和核心自我评价的中介作用

为探讨社交网站成瘾对青少年抑郁的影响及其作用机制,在素质-压力模型的视角下,采用社交网站成瘾量表、认知负载量表、核心自我评价量表和流调中心抑郁量表,对武汉市三所全日制中学886名初中生进行调查。结果表明:(1)社交网站成瘾、认知负载、核心自我评价和抑郁两两间存在显著的相关,且社交网站成瘾对抑郁具有显著的正向预测作用;(2)认知负载和核心自我评价能在社交网站成瘾与抑郁的关系中起完全中介作用。具体而言,社交网站成瘾通过三条路径影响抑郁:一是认知负载的单独中介作用;二是核心自我评价的单独中介作用;三是认知负载-核心自我评价的链式中介作用。本研究揭示了社交网站成瘾与抑郁的关系及其作用机制,拓展了社交网站成瘾对个体心理社会适应的研究。     

The Experience of Caregiving Among Mothers of Adults Suffering from Psychotic Disorders: Factors Associated with Their Psychological Distress

To identify correlates of psychological distress among multiple indicators, 99 women with adult children suffering from a psychotic disorder were interviewed. The women, who were recruited through hospitals and self-help groups, represented different socioeconomic levels. A face-to-face standardized interview was conducted, mainly in the participants' homes. Multiple hierarchical regression analysis showed that dimensions of burden and social support were strongly associated with distress reported by the participants. The negative interactions that participants had with their main confidant or spouse constituted a more powerful correlate than their perception of the quality of this relationship. Furthermore, a perception of their own health as poorer is a strong correlate of their distress. Since no control group was studied simultaneously, these results suggest, but do not prove, the presence of differences between mothers of adults with psychotic disorders and other mothers.