共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Lisa A. O’Donnell Marc J. Weintraub Alissa J. Ellis David A. Axelson Robert A. Kowatch Christopher D. Schneck David J. Miklowitz 《Family process》2020,59(2):376-389
Impairments in family functioning are associated with more severe depressive and manic symptoms, earlier recurrences, and more suicidal behaviors in early-onset bipolar disorder. This study examined whether family-focused treatment for adolescents (FFT-A) with BD I or II disorder led to greater increases in family cohesion and adaptability and decreases in conflict over 2 years compared to a briefer psychoeducational treatment (enhanced care, EC). Participants were 144 adolescents (mean age: 15.6 ± 1.4 years) with BD I or II with a mood episode in the previous 3 months. Adolescents and parents were randomized to either FFT-A (21 sessions) or EC (three sessions). Patients received guideline-based pharmacotherapy throughout the 2-year study. Trajectories of adolescent- and parent-rated family cohesion, adaptability, and conflict were analyzed over 2 years. FFT-A had greater effects on adolescent-rated family cohesion compared to EC over 2 years. Participants in FFT-A and EC reported similar improvements in family conflict across the 2 years. In the FFT-A group, low-conflict families had greater adolescent-rated family cohesion throughout the study compared to high-conflict families. High-conflict families in both treatment groups tended to show larger reductions in conflict over 2 years than low-conflict families. Family psychoeducation and skills training may improve family cohesion in the early stages of BD. Measuring levels of family conflict at the start of treatment may inform treatment responsiveness among those receiving FFT-A. 相似文献
2.
This study examines the potential impact of family conflict and cohesion, and peer support/bullying on children with autism
spectrum disorder (ASD). While such impacts have been established for a range of non-ASD childhood disorders, these findings
may not generalize to children with ASD because of unique problems in perspective-taking, understanding others’ emotion, cognitive
rigidity, and social reasoning. A structural model-building approach was used to test the extent to which family and peer
variables directly or indirectly affected ASD via child anxiety/depression. The sample (N = 322) consisted of parents of children with ASD referred to two specialist clinics. The sample contained parents of children
with Autistic Disorder (n = 76), Asperger Disorder (n = 188), Pervasive Disorder Not Otherwise Specified (n = 21), and children with a non-ASD or no diagnosis (n = 37). Parents completed questionnaires on-line via a secure website. The key findings were that anxiety/depression and ASD
symptomatology were significantly related, and family conflict was more predictive of ASD symptomatology than positive family/peer
influences. The results point to the utility of expanding interventions to include conflict management for couples, even when
conflict and family distress is low. Further research is needed on the potentially different meanings of family cohesion and
conflict for children with ASD relative to children without ASD. 相似文献
3.
Li Li Chunqing Lin Guoping Ji Stephanie Sun Mary Jane Rotheram-Borus 《Journal of child and family studies》2009,18(1):93-101
In China, HIV shifts the lifestyle of not only parents living with HIV/AIDS, but also their children, partners, and extended
families. We examined factors related to the quality of life of parents living with HIV and the relation between family functioning
and individual quality of life. Interviews were conducted with a total of 116 parents living with HIV/AIDS. Analyses of variance,
Pearson correlations, and multiple regression analyses were performed to examine the relation between family functioning and
quality of life. We found a significant association between family functioning and individual quality of life for parents
living with HIV. In particular, family sociability had a strong relationship with the quality of life of parents living with
HIV. Parents living with HIV from families where both parents are HIV-positive reported a lower level of family sociability
than those from families with only one HIV-positive parent. HIV disclosure, family sociability, and number of children per
family were found to be significant predictors of overall quality of life for the population. Study findings underscore the
importance of developing interventions that improve family functioning for people living with HIV/AIDS in China. 相似文献
4.
Adaptive behavior in autism is highly variable and strongly related to prognosis. This study explored family history as a potential source of variability in adaptive behavior in autism. Participants included 77 individuals (mean age = 18) with average or better intellectual ability and autism. Parents completed the Family History Interview about the presence of broader autism phenotype symptoms and major psychiatric disorders in first degree relatives. Adaptive behavior was assessed via the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales (VABS). Based on family history variables, age, and intelligence quotient (IQ), 87% of participants were correctly classified as having impaired or average VABS scores. Family history of depression and shyness accounted for the most variance in VABS scores, and they had the greatest influence on VABS Socialization scores in particular. Possible underlying mechanisms include genetics, psychosocial factors, and social resources. This study provides initial evidence of the importance of family history to adaptive behavior in autism and has implications for genetics and treatment. 相似文献
5.
Sukhodolsky DG Scahill L Gadow KD Arnold LE Aman MG McDougle CJ McCracken JT Tierney E Williams White S Lecavalier L Vitiello B 《Journal of abnormal child psychology》2008,36(1):117-128
Background In addition to the core symptoms, children with Pervasive Developmental Disorders (PDD) often exhibit other problem behaviors
such as aggression, hyperactivity, and anxiety, which can contribute to overall impairment and, therefore, become the focus
of clinical attention. Limited data are available on the prevalence of anxiety in these children. We examined frequency and
correlates of parent-rated anxiety symptoms in a large sample of children with PDD.
Methods The goals of this study were to examine the frequency and correlates of parent-rated anxiety symptoms in a sample of 171 medication-free
children with PDD who participated in two NIH-funded medication trials. Twenty items of the Child and Adolescent Symptom Inventory
(CASI) were used to measure anxiety.
Results Forty three percent of the total sample met screening cut-off criteria for at least one anxiety disorder. Higher levels of
anxiety on the 20-item CASI scale were associated with higher IQ, the presence of functional language use, and with higher
levels of stereotyped behaviors. In children with higher IQ, anxiety was also associated with greater impairment in social
reciprocity.
Conclusion Anxiety is common in PDD and warrants consideration in clinical evaluation and treatment planning. This study suggests that
parent ratings could be a useful source of information about anxiety symptoms in this population. Some anxiety symptoms such
as phobic and social anxiety may be closer to core symptoms of PDD. Further efforts to validate tools to ascertain anxiety
are needed, as are studies to empirically test approaches to treat anxiety in PDD. 相似文献
6.
The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between adult offspring's perception of family functioning and of parental use of topic avoidance to maintain secrecy regarding the use of donor assistance to conceive. A cross‐sectional design was used to study a convenience sample of 69 young adult donor offspring who completed a demographic questionnaire, a topic avoidance scale relative to each of their rearing parents, and the Beavers Self Report Family Instrument. Findings indicated that participants perceived both parents as avoiding the topic of donor assistance more than other topics, mothers as avoiding all topics less than fathers, and topic avoidance was negatively associated with family functioning. Mothers' general topic avoidance was the strongest predictor of family functioning. Parents' disclosing together was predictive of higher family functioning. Implications for practice and future research are suggested. 相似文献
7.
We examined the relationships between executive functioning, family environment, and parenting practices in children diagnosed
with ADHD as compared to children without ADHD. Participants were parents (N = 134) of 6- to 12-year-old ADHD and non-ADHD-diagnosed children. Compared to the control group, parents of children diagnosed
with ADHD reported their children as exhibiting greater problems with behavioral control and metacognitive abilities, and
described their family environments as less organized and higher in family conflict. Family environment and parenting practices
were not correlated with behavioral control or metacognitive abilities in children with ADHD. In children without ADHD, higher
levels of family cohesion, organization, and expressiveness, and lower levels of family conflict, were significantly correlated
with greater behavioral control. Higher levels of family cohesion and organization were significantly and positively associated
with regulation of metacognitive abilities in children without ADHD. In general, aspects of the family environment and parental
limit setting appear to be associated with the development of executive functions in children not diagnosed with ADHD; however,
family environment and parenting practices were not associated with executive functions in children diagnosed with ADHD. 相似文献
8.
以北京市806名流动儿童和319名城市儿童为被试,采用问题行为问卷、小五人格问卷和家庭功能问卷,考察流动儿童问题行为的特点及其与城市儿童的差异,并探讨人格和家庭功能对流动儿童问题行为的影响。结果发现:(1)流动儿童内、外化问题行为的自我报告率分别达到了31.0%2、0.1%,与城市儿童相比,流动儿童的内化问题行为较为突出。(2)人格的情绪性、开放性显著正向预测流动儿童的内化问题题行为,外向性、家庭功能的亲密度显著负向预测其内化问题行为,情绪性、开放性显著正向预测流动儿童的外化问题行为,宜人性、谨慎性、亲密度显著负向预测外化问题行为。(3)人格在家庭功能的亲密度与内化问题行为之间起部分中介作用,在亲密度与外化问题行为之间起完全中介作用。 相似文献
9.
Rutgers AH van Ijzendoorn MH Bakermans-Kranenburg MJ Swinkels SH van Daalen E Dietz C Naber FB Buitelaar JK van Engeland H 《Journal of abnormal child psychology》2007,35(5):859-870
Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) have severe and pervasive impairments in the development of social interaction,
which may affect the attachment relationship with their parents and may have an impact on parenting. In the current investigation
89 families with young children (mean age 26.5 months) were involved, who were diagnosed as ASD, mentally retarded (MR), or
language delayed (LD), or part of a non-clinical comparison group. Attachment security was observed with the Brief Attachment
Screening Questionnaire, and several parental self-report questionnaires assessed the parenting style, parental efficacy,
parental experiences of daily hassles, social support, and psychological problems. Children with ASD were rated as less secure
compared to the other clinical and normal comparison groups. Parents of non-clinical children reported higher levels of authoritative
parenting than parents in the ASD group and in the total clinical group, and they also received less social support. Parents
of children with ASD coped remarkably well with the challenges of raising a child with ASD. 相似文献
10.
Du Rocher Schudlich TD Youngstrom EA Calabrese JR Findling RL 《Journal of abnormal child psychology》2008,36(6):849-863
Investigated the association between family functioning and conflict and their links with mood disorder in parents and with children's risk for bipolar disorder. Participants were 272 families with a child between the ages of 5-17 years. Parents' history of psychiatric diagnoses and children's current diagnoses were obtained via semi-structured interviews. Parent report on the Family Assessment Device and the Conflict Behavior Questionnaire measured family functioning and conflict, respectively. Results revealed a small but significant indirect pathway from parental diagnosis of mood disorder to child bipolar disorder through impaired family functioning, via increased family conflict. Parental mood disorders were also significantly related to other negative outcomes in children, including unipolar depression and oppositional defiant disorder. Associations between parent diagnoses and family functioning changed depending on youth age, but not youth sex. 相似文献
11.
儿童孤独症也称自闭症(autism)是一种广泛性发育障碍,其临床表现为社交功能损伤、沟通能力损伤以及存在刻板的行为、兴趣和动作。根据相关文献就孤独症分类作一综述,并提出了早期家庭干预的具体措施。 相似文献
12.
Gail Tripp Elizabeth A. Schaughency Robyn Langlands Kelly Mouat 《Journal of child and family studies》2007,16(3):385-400
We used global ratings to compare the family (parent[s]-child) interactions of 51 clinic-referred children with ADHD and 32
non problem children. Children and parent(s) were videotaped while engaging in problem solving and game playing activities.
Independent coders, blind to children's diagnostic status, rated the interactions using measures designed to assess interaction
competence and quality. Significant group differences emerged between the ADHD and control groups during problem solving on
the interaction quality measures of Warmth, Engagement and Communication. Comparisons of the interactions of families of children
with ADHD, with (ADHD W) and without (ADHD W/O) comorbid disruptive behavior disorders, were non significant, although increased
symptomology was associated with reduced Warmth and Engagement during problem solving. Irrespective of group membership family
interactions were more positive during game playing versus problem solving. 相似文献
13.
This study examined the degree to which self-differentiation as related to family functioning is valued differently by Korean
and European-American university students. The main findings confirm that the level of family functioning reported by European
Americans is greater than for their Korean counterpart; family functioning is associated with differentiation measures (total
score, emotional reactivity, and emotional cutoff) to a different extent across the two groups; and controlling for the effect
of family functioning, the added contribution of a country variable explained further variance in self-differentiation. The
importance of addressing the issue of similarities and differences between cultures in the assessment and treatment of individuals
with problems related to their families of origin is discussed. 相似文献
14.
社会交往能力是人类生存的基本技能。社交能力的缺失会导致严重的行为障碍和精神疾病,如自闭症。由于自闭症儿童的特殊性,绝大多数的自闭症脑成像研究多集中在年龄较大的高功能自闭症儿童在静息态或简单的任务态下的脑激活模式或功能连接状态。自闭症的核心症状—社会交往障碍和语言交流障碍却较少有研究触及。近年来,近红外光学脑功能成像技术的发展为我们在真实的交流和互动中研究自闭症儿童的神经病理机制提供了新的工具和机遇。 相似文献
15.
《Child & family behavior therapy》2013,35(4):15-32
ABSTRACT This study examined stress and adjustment in parents of three groups of families: those with an autistic child, those with a Down syndrome child, and those with only developmentally normal children. A total of 54 families participated, with 18 representing each group. Parents of autistic children generally reported more family stress and adjustment problems than parents of children with Down Syndrome who, in turn, reported more stress and adjustment problems than parents of developmentally normal children. Although parents of disabled children reported more stress associated with caring for their child, they generally showed resilience in adjusting to the presence of a severely disabled family member. Implications for family intervention are discussed. 相似文献
16.
Z. Seda Sahin David P. Nalbone Joseph L. Wetchler Jerry M. Bercik 《Contemporary Family Therapy》2010,32(3):238-256
The marriage and family therapy (MFT) field would benefit from new research about positive subjective experiences, such as
optimism, in order to construct and nurture strengths for developing more positive emotions. Through a better understanding
of optimism, marriage and family therapists (MFTs) can explore which strategies might help families and individuals better
cope with distressing emotions by building buffering strengths. In this study we address the relationship of differentiation,
family coping, and family functioning to optimism. We found that differentiation, family coping, and family functioning each
have a significant effect on attributional style. The results of this study also indicated that encouraging clients to take
an I-position and to reframe problems, in particular, may lead to greater optimism. This study contributes to the lack of
research regarding strength-based theories in the MFT field. 相似文献
17.
The broader autism phenotype (BAP) is a collection of sub-diagnostic autistic traits more common in families of individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) than in the general population. BAP is a latent construct that can be defined using different domains, measured using multiple instruments, and reported using different techniques. Therefore, estimates of BAP may vary greatly across studies. Our objective was to systematically review studies that reported occurrence of BAP in parents of children with ASD in order to quantify and describe heterogeneity in estimates. We systematically searched PubMed and Scopus using PRISMA guidelines for studies quantifying percentage of parents of children with ASD who had BAP. We identified 41 studies that measured BAP in parents of children with ASD. These studies used eight different instruments, four different forms of data collection, and had a wide range of sample sizes (N?=?4 to N?=?3299). Percentage with BAP ranged from 2.6% to 80%. BAP was more prevalent in fathers than mothers. Parental BAP may be an important tool for parsing heterogeneity in ASD etiology and for developing parent-mediated ASD interventions. However, the variety in measurement instruments and variability in study samples limits our ability to synthesize estimates. To improve measurement of BAP and increase consistency across studies, universal methods should be accepted and adopted across studies. A more consistent approach to BAP measurement may enable efficient etiologic research that can be meta-analyzed and may allow for a larger evidence base that can be used to account for BAP when developing parent-mediated interventions. 相似文献
18.
As the prevalence of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) continues to rise, there is a rapidly increasing need for treatment services among individuals diagnosed with ASD and families. Currently, the majority of the evidence-based treatments, such as Applied Behavior Analysis, overlook the notable systemic effects of ASD and maintain a problem-focused lens. There is a growing body of research calling for strength-based, relational interventions that build on existing resources to enhance coping, efficacy, and well-being among families affected by ASD. Solution-Focused Brief Therapy (SFBT) is a widely practiced clinical approach that is increasingly being used among clinicians to address the systemic effects of developmental disabilities in the family. However, particular modifications to specific interventions may better accommodate autism-associated deficits in executive functioning (e.g., goal development and impulsivity), perspective taking, or restricted interests when using an SFBT approach. This article offers recommendations for adapting a solution-focused approach by modifying commonly used SFBT interventions to address family-driven treatment goals using a collaborative stance with families of children with ASD. A case presentation is included to demonstrate SFBT as informed by the unique challenges and inherent resources of families affected by ASD that have been identified in the extant literature. 相似文献
19.
Phillip Klever 《Contemporary Family Therapy》2009,31(2):140-159
The triangle, a concept in Bowen theory, is the emotional molecule in the family system that shapes the human over the course
of life. This longitudinal study explored the influence of the family of origin primary triangle on 51 couples’ family of
procreation functioning over 10 years. The quantitative analysis found associations between family of procreation functioning
and three variables: distance versus openness in the family of origin primary triangle, the degree of inside and outside positions
in the primary triangle, and the degree of family projection as expressed in worry. In addition, the three triangle relationships
correlated with each other, supporting the idea that each relationship influenced the other. Using qualitative methods, a
focused analysis elaborated on the quantitative findings. 相似文献