格特勒:"亚里士多德伦理学中的幸福活动"

《尼各马可伦理学》卷一,幸福是最高的善与合德性的灵魂活动,卷十,则仅与智慧同一。这是对立的两种。对此有两种不同的解释。 亚氏对快乐与幸福的讨论具有连续性。他认为一种快乐与欲望有关;另一种与自身值得欲求的活动有关。每一活动有相应的快乐,故快乐有多种。完善活动的快乐是整体的、完成     

S. M. Kovalev: Theory and practice

Studies in East European Thought -     

Harvey Cushing,M.D., in His World

Harvey Cushing, M.D. (1869–1939), is the acknowledged father of the discipline of neurosurgery who inspired others to join him in this new field. He was a prolific researcher in the area of human growth disturbances. And he was among the most literary of doctors having won the Pulitzer Prize for his two-volume biography of his mentor and teacher William Osler, M.D. A driven man, he both inspired and intimidated others. This essay explores Cushing’s character and background along with his relationship to Osler. It seeks to understand why and how he may be considered a great figure in spite and because of his demanding and often problematic character. It further seeks to place Cushing in the context of the transition of American society and American medicine in the latter decades of the nineteenth and early decades of the twentieth century. Portions of this essay were originally delivered as part of a Grand Rounds presentation for the Department of Neurosurgery at the New York Presbyterian Hospital Weill Cornell Center.