“无为”之为和循证医学

"无为"治疗是为理性所认可的,实为有为的,既有利于患者又有利于医疗资源配置的治疗观念,但在医疗实践中很难推行。循证医学在我国的推广,对推行"无为"治疗有着特殊的意义。它有利于为病人作出最佳医疗决策,有利于人性化的医学实践,还有利于为诊治检验作出规范,这和"无为"治疗观念是合拍的。     

A multi-site comparison of supported housing for chronically homeless adults: "Housing first" versus "residential treatment first"

Both direct placement in supported community housing and pre-treatment with time-limited residential treatment are used as approaches to helping chronically homeless adults exit from homelessness but relative effectiveness and cost remains untested. The current observational study utilized data from a national, multi-site housing project to determine whether clients who receive residential treatment or transitional housing before being placed into independent housing achieve superior outcomes than clients who are immediately placed into independent housing, and whether they incur greater healthcare costs. A total of 709 participants (131 and 578 participants in the respective groups) were assessed every 3 months for 2 years on housing outcomes, community adjustment, work and income, mental and physical health, and health service costs. Clients who received immediate, independent housing had more days in their own place, less days incarcerated, and reported having more choice over treatment; but no differences on other clinical or community adjustment outcomes. In this observational study, there were no clinical advantages for clients who had residential treatment or transitional housing prior to entry into community housing, but they incurred higher substance abuse service costs. Studies using randomized controlled trials of these conditions are needed to establish causation.     

"伦理"与"道德"概念的三重比较义

“伦理”与“道德”是伦理学或道德哲学中的两个核心概念,但二者长期处于概念模糊和逻辑混乱状态,导致伦理学和道德教育“名不正而言不顺”。通过对这两个概念进行以词源学为基础的三重比较:汉语言文化中的比较、英语文化中的比较、中西文化中的比较,我们可以得出的结论是:当代“伦理”概念蕴含着西方文化的理性、科学、公共意志等属性,“道德”概念蕴含着更多的东方文化的情性、人文、个人修养等色彩。“西学东渐”以来,中西“伦理”与“道德”概念经过碰撞、竞争和融合的过程,目前二者划界与范畴日益清晰,即“伦理”是伦理学中的一级概念,而“道德”是“伦理”概念下的二级概念。二者不能相互替代,它们有着各自的概念范畴和使用区域。     

《管子》"时"观初探

"时"观念是理解中国古代思想的重要线索。在一定层面上讲,"时"观念的延展及其实践承载着传统农业社会的绵延。"时"在《管子》中是一个基础性的核心概念,贯通全文,它传承"时"的原发观念和本质特性,融入气、阴阳、五行思想,与道、德、法相通融,"时"作为论理基准,在"治国安邦"、"经世致用"中具有统领性意义。     

析心理学中"自我"概念的三个层面

“自我”概念是心理学研究的基石,但目前这一概念在心理学中的使用相当混乱。本文是对心理学中现存“自我”概念的清理,以期促进心理学有关自我问题的讨论秩序化、结构化。文中将“自我”概念区分为人性、人格和自我意识三个层面。     

“成功恐惧”的研究述评

自20世纪60年代霍纳提出"成功恐惧"概念以来,它一直是学者们争相争论的神秘焦点,本文尝试解开"成功恐惧"之谜,介绍"成功恐惧"的概念,研究现状和原因.研究的测量方式.最后提出展望。     

Spirituality and Substance Abuse Recovery

Researchers explored patient and staff perceptions of spiritual well-being and the spiritual needs of patients enrolled in a residential substance abuse treatment program. The Spiritual Well-Being Scale was used to gather quantitative data. Additionally, a brief questionnaire containing one qualitative and two quantitative questions was completed by both clients and staff. A statistically significant difference was found, indicating a more positive sense of spiritual well-being among patients upon discharge. Although the staff and clients of the residential program have similar perceptions regarding the concept of spiritual well-being, their definitions do not appear identical.     

Patterns of runaway behavior within a larger systems context: the road to empowerment

Runaway behavior is a common problem in residential treatment settings for youth. This paper looked at Orten and Soll's runaway typology and Homer's conceptualization of runaways as "running from" or "running to" something and expanded the context to include interactions with family and professionals. A case study and a survey of nine adolescent runaways from a residential setting were used to explore several hypotheses. A discussion of the results and practical applications illustrated ways to empower therapists and other professionals to deal with runaways more effectively.     

"Archaic matrix of the oedipus complex"

The clinical implication of Janine Chasseguet-Smirgel's concept of the "archaic matrix of the Oedipus complex" is examined, the resulting deeper understanding of the Oedipus myth is considered. A discussion follows of Chasseguet-Smirgel's way of using this concept in her historical evaluation of German Romantism with regard to the Nazi times and nowadays politics of the Westgerman Green Party.     

Mathematical modeling of movement between residential placements: A systems analytic approach to understanding systems of care

Although the concept of a system of care for children and adolescents with a severe emotional disturbance has become core to treatment philosophy, very little research has focused on systems of care as systems. This article attempts to contribute to the development of a systems research paradigm in children's mental health as well as to add to the substantive knowledge of utilization of and movement between residential options in a statewide multiagency service delivery system. Information on residential placement gathered at six month intervals over a three year period is used to develop a mathematical model of the system of care. This model can help administrators to predict future needs for residential care, and to project probable outcomes of alternative strategies for meeting the needs of these children and adolescents.     

Personality:人格还是个性

Personality在我国心理学中的译名既可谓人格,也可谓个性。这一奇特的现象是中国的特色。文章考察了它们在中国的沿革及personality在西方的原意和演变,分析了其形成和存在的原因,提出了解决这一问题主张和建议。     

试从"反哺"与"接力"看中西亲子关系

“反哺”和“接力”分别是中西方家庭中处理养老问题的两种不同模式,模式的区别也反映了中西方亲子关系的差异。导致这种差异的原因主要是中西方所处的社会发展阶段不同、中西方伦理价值观念的冲突等四个方面所致。在代际亲子观念的东西文化交流过程中,我们既要继续发扬我国尊老爱幼的优良传统,又要吸取西方重视代际亲子关系平等的合理因素,建立一个不分年龄、人人共享的和谐社会。     

“生”对儒家伦理的意义

“生”是儒家学说中一个很重要的概念 ,儒家的许多范畴和命题基本上都能从“生”中得到说明。只有正确理解“生”的内涵和意义上 ,才能准确理解“中庸”、“仁”、“忠恕之道”和“天人合一”的含义 ,也才能把握儒家重精神情操的思想特征和推己及人的行为方式。     

The Philosophy of "Naturalness" in the Laozi and Its Value For Contemporary Society

This article aims to show that the concept of "naturalness" in the Laozi is able to provide cultural guidance concerning values for contemporary social development.Specifically,the Laozi's concept of "naturalness"—manifested in the text's exhortation to "honor the dao and exalt the de" and its statement that "the dao models itself on naturalness"—has profound ontological,political and social implications concerning "naturalness" that are strongly expressed through a variety of propositions including "achieving all through non-action" and "downsizing the state and simplifying the people." With respect to the question about individuals living a life of appropriateness and establishing their destiny,the Laozi emphasizes such cultivation methods as "sticking to simplicity and authenticity" and "watching in quietude and observing in depth,"which are also infused with the conception of "naturalness," which stresses the notion that understanding the harmony between man and nature can provide useful lessons for the development of contemporary human society.     

"Mom and dad": views on the relationship between direct-care staff and therapists in residential, adolescent treatment facilities

Some of the common conflicts that occur between therapists and direct-care staff in residential, adolescent treatment facilities are highlighted. These conflicts often parallel those occurring between an adolescent's parents. Common issues include the amount of time spent with the adolescent patient, questions of authority, and communication difficulties. These conflicts can have positive consequences, if each party recognizes that the other brings a needed perspective to adolescent treatment.     

对本雅明文艺批评中"Aura"概念的梳理

“Aura”在本雅明的文艺批评中是一个非常重要的概念,本文采取文本细读的方式,对有关此概念的论述进行梳理,以对“Aura”进行多层次的界定,并以此作为契入点,来考察本雅明对现代艺术和古典艺术的看法。     

On "Setting events" and related concepts

The term "setting event" is examined in light of recent interest in the possible utility of the concept. The term was found to characteristically include properties of environmental variables, functional relations already defined, and other functional relations either unspecified or not identified with any generally-accepted term. "Setting event" as a technical term may be too general and functionally unclear and should thus be viewed with caution. An alternative approach is examined in the recently-proposed term, "establishing operation," which is viewed as a more limited, functionally specific, and therefore preferable approach to the adoption of new technical terms.     

Note on Meunier and Bodkins's (2005) "interpretation of MMPI-A Scale 5 with female patients"

Meunier and Bodkins discussed the unclear interpretation of Scale 5 of the MMPI-A, investigated use of the scale with adolescent girls in a court-ordered residential treatment program and suggested that subclinical elevations on the scale may predict disruptive behavior in special samples. This note comments on statistics reported by Meunier and Bodkins and recommends additional analyses, including estimation of effect sizes for scales on which comparisons are statistically nonsignificant.