共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
2.
3.
选取一组先天聋被试和与之匹配的听力正常被试,采用线索提示范式考察中央线索化对听觉障碍被试在辨别任务中基于位置返回抑制的影响。实验结果发现,在有中央线索化的任务实验中,听力正常和听觉障碍被试都出现了返回抑制,但是听觉障碍被试消失得比听力正常被试早。无中央线索化的辨别任务实验中,听力正常被试组仅在SOA=650ms时,听觉障碍被试没有发现返回抑制现象。结果表明听觉障碍被试辨别任务的返回抑制更易受中央线索化条件的影响,听障被试的空间注意调节机制更具策略性和有效性。 相似文献
4.
1面孔识别中的疏编码特性1.1疏编码的定义灵长类视觉研究发现预下回一些神经元具有面孔选择性。那么,面孔信息是如何被预叶皮层神经元的活动所表征的呢?我们有两个可供选择的解释:一种是高度特异选择性的“祖母细胞”;另一种解释源于PDP思想,即认为每一面孔的信息被完全分布式表征到一个面孔神经元网络的每个单元,每张面孔刺激都会使网络的各神经元得到同等水平的激活。然而大量微电极记录的数据都不支持这两种解释。Baylis研究结果表明:首先不存在高度特异性的“祖母细胞”,任一细胞都对若干个面孔发生反应;其次,不存在面孔信… 相似文献
5.
报道了中国人眼对表色色差辨别的实验研究中非彩色系列实验研究结果,并与国外有关结果进行了比较。结果表明,非彩色的明度特性变化,对人眼色差辨别无显著影响,色差值仅随目视评价的感觉等级不同而异。此结果与国外有关报道的结果基本一致。实验结果为中国颜色体系的非彩色系颜色样品提出了色差宽容度:△E<1.5。此色差宽容度已被全国颜色标准化技术委员会认定为GSBA26003—94《中国颜色体系》国家标准中颜色样品色差宽容度的技术参数。 相似文献
6.
本实验用IBM PC/XT计算机对30名青年人和9名中年人进行图形辨别负荷实验。结果表明:(1)同时呈现的图形数量(任务困难度)、允许辨别的时间(时间忙碌程度)和年龄都是影响被试业绩的因素。(2)在需辨别的图形数较多且有辨别速度要求的任务中,不宜选用中年人。(3)通过实验求出青年人图形辨别经验公式Y=De~(B/X),D(N)=183.1441-2.3206N 0.0249N~2,B(N)=-2.0379-0.1427N 0.0008N~2。据此公式可求出在此情境下,对一定数量的图形(N),在一定时间限定内(X)的图形正确辨别率(Y)。 相似文献
7.
浅谈平面设计中的图形元素的运用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
图形设计在平面设计中具有重要的作用,研究图形元素的运用的方法,有利于阐述图形的创作方法、图形设计的思维方式和图形语义的延展性。 相似文献
8.
综合类院校艺术设计专业的学生在入校前大多没有接受过长期且专业的训练,因此专业基础比较薄弱,如果使用传统的图形创意课程程序教学并不能取得很好的效果,针对这一实际情况,对现行的图形创意课程设计进行完善改进,以期真正做到以人为本,因材施教。 相似文献
9.
10.
11.
Normative indications for Xhosa speaking unskilled workers on the Rey–Osterrieth Complex Figure Test
Ann Shuttleworth-Edwards Heinrich De Kock Sarah Radloff 《Journal of Psychology in Africa》2013,23(6):492-498
The aim of this study was to establish normative indications for the Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure (RCF) copy, incidental recall and delayed recall tasks, administered in English on a non-clinical population of Xhosa, unskilled workers (N?=?33) (females n?=?21; males n?=?12), with a background of relatively disadvantaged quality of education up to Grades 11 and 12. The sample was stratified into two age groupings (18 – 29 years, n?=?17; 30 – 40 years, n?=?16), equally distributed for sex and level of education. Within group statistical analyses compared subgroup test performances for sex and age within the total sample. Between group analyses were used to compare the performance of the present sample with age equivalent data derived from a meta-analysis of US normative data on the RCF task. There was an age effect in favour of the younger group for both the immediate and delayed recall tasks. The local data for all RCF tasks were significantly lower than the US normative data, with the indication that higher levels and/or quality of formal school education might advantage performance on this complex visuoperceptual copy and recall task. 相似文献
12.
Body image was compared in younger versus older women using questionnaires and women's responses to fatter and thinner images of their own bodies versus responses to line drawings of bodies in the Figure Ratings Scale. We found that younger and older women have similar body dissatisfaction but that younger women have a higher drive for thinness and experience more societal influence on their body image. Using images of one's own body versus line drawings did not result in different body dissatisfaction in younger versus older women. These data suggest that age affects some facets of body image but not others and that ratings of body image do not differ in normal, healthy younger and older women when personalized measures are used. 相似文献
13.
Katharina Berndt Rasmussen 《Theoria》2020,86(6):727-748
Recent social-psychological research suggests that a considerable amount of, for example, racial and gendered discrimination may be connected to implicit biases: mental processes beyond our direct control or endorsement, that influence our behaviour toward members of socially salient groups. In this article I seek to improve our understanding of the phenomenon of implicit bias, including its moral status, by examining it through the lens of a theory of discrimination. In doing so, I also suggest ways to improve this theory of discrimination, by creating conceptual space for implicit bias discrimination. I explore two ways of distinguishing direct and indirect discrimination and spell out the resulting four different forms of discrimination. The resulting taxonomy provides some room for implicit bias discrimination. I also deal with four challenges to my proposal for capturing implicit bias within discrimination theory: the metaphysical challenge, the moral insignificance challenge, the causal connection challenge, and the challenge from irreducibly collective bias. 相似文献
14.
Within-session changes in responding by pigeons during a maintained successive discrimination procedure were examined in four experiments. In the first two experiments, which involved discrimination of visual flicker rate, within-session changes in responding were minimal or absent. A third experiment, which examined discrimination of rectangular forms, demonstrated that the absence of within-session changes in responding was not limited to flicker-rate stimuli. A fourth experiment showed that the absence of within-session changes in responding was not due to high task difficulty in the previous experiments. For the group of subjects in each experiment, within-session changes in responding did not influence discrimination performance. Therefore, measures of overall response rate accurately represented responding both within and across sessions. The occasional appearance of within-session decreases in responding for a few birds may be attributable to satiation. 相似文献
15.
《Quarterly journal of experimental psychology (2006)》2013,66(3):608-624
Though figure–ground assignment has been shown to be probably affected by recognizability, it appears sensible that object recognition must follow at least the earlier process of figure–ground segregation. To examine whether or not rudimentary object recognition could, counterintuitively, start even before the completion of the stage of parsing in which figure–ground segregation is done, participants were asked to respond, in a go/no-go fashion, whenever any out of 16 alternative connected patterns (that constituted familiar stimuli in the upright orientation) appeared. The white figure of the to-be-attended stimulus—target or foil—could be segregated from the white ambient ground only by means of a frame surrounding it. Such a frame was absent until the onset of target display. Then, to manipulate organizational quality, the greyness of the frame was either gradually increased from zero (in Experiment 1) or changed abruptly to a stationary level whose greyness was varied between trials (in Experiments 2 and 3). Stimulus recognizability was manipulated by orientation angle. In all three experiments the effect of recognizability was found to be considerably larger when organizational quality was minimal due to an extremely faint frame. This result is argued to be incompatible with any version of a serial thesis suggesting that processing aimed at object recognition starts only with a good enough level of organizational quality. The experiments rather provide some support to the claim, termed here “early interaction hypothesis”, positing interaction between early recognition processing and preassignment parsing processes. 相似文献
16.
反疾病歧视立法的相关问题探讨 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
许多国家已对遭遇疾病歧视的患者给予法律上的保护,而我国现有的法律不足以保护受歧视者权益。通过权衡疾病患者在工作生活中所受歧视的利弊,并从多角度分析,提出我国应进行相关立法,保护受歧视者的合法权益。 相似文献
17.
18.
疾病诱因是医学实践中的一个重要现象,对疾病的预防、诊断、治疗和医学科研有显著意义。由于种种原因,对疾病诱因一直缺乏深入研究。本文提出并探讨了以下问题:研究疾病诱因的意义;疾病诱因的本质属性;疾病诱因与病因、危险因素的关系:“诱发”和“疾病危险因素”两概念辨析;疾病诱因的不同类型;疾病诱因发生作用的一般机制和医学实践中处理诱因的一般对策。 相似文献
19.
Experiments designed to establish stimulus equivalence classes frequently produce differential outcomes that may be attributable to training structure, defined as the order and arrangement of baseline conditional discrimination training trials. Several possible explanations for these differences have been suggested. Here we develop a hypothesis based on an analysis of the simple simultaneous and successive discriminations embedded in conditional discrimination training and testing within each of the training structures that are typically used in stimulus equivalence experiments. Our analysis shows that only the comparison-as-node (many-to-one) structure presents all the simple discriminations in training that are subsequently required for consistently positive outcomes on all tests for the properties of equivalence. The sample-as-node (one-to-many) training structure does not present all the simple discriminations required for positive outcomes on either the symmetry or combined transitivity and symmetry (equivalence) tests. The linear-series training structure presents all the simple discriminations required for consistently positive outcomes on tests for symmetry, but not for symmetry and transitivity combined (equivalence) or transitivity alone. Further, the difference in the number of simple discriminations presented in comparison-as-node training versus the other training structures is larger when the intended class size is greater than three or the number of classes is larger than two. We discuss the relevance of this analysis to interpretations of stimulus equivalence research, as well as some methodological and theoretical implications. 相似文献
20.
KASPER Lippert-rasmussen 《Ethical Theory and Moral Practice》2006,9(2):167-185
The most blatant forms of discrimination are morally outrageous and very obviously so; but the nature and boundaries of discrimination are more controversial, and it is not clear whether all forms of discrimination are morally bad; nor is it clear why objectionable cases of discrimination are bad. In this paper I address these issues. First, I offer a taxonomy of discrimination. I then argue that discrimination is bad, when it is, because it harms people. Finally, I criticize a rival, disrespect-based account according to which discrimination is bad regardless of whether it causes harm. 相似文献